March 8, 2025

X-37B's Secret Mission, ISS Crew Shuffle, and Lunar Eclipse Spectacle: S04E58

Astronomy Daily | Space News: S04E58
In this episode of Astronomy Daily, host Anna takes you on an exhilarating journey through the latest advancements and discoveries in the cosmos. From classified space missions to lunar eclipses, this episode is...

Show Notes
Transcript

Astronomy Daily | Space News: S04E58
In this episode of Astronomy Daily, host Anna takes you on an exhilarating journey through the latest advancements and discoveries in the cosmos. From classified space missions to lunar eclipses, this episode is packed with stories that highlight the ever-evolving landscape of space exploration.
Highlights:
- X37B Spaceplane's Latest Mission: Discover the impressive achievements of the US Space Force's X37B spaceplane, which recently completed a 434-day mission. We discuss its innovative aerobraking maneuver and the significance of its experiments in space domain awareness.
- International Space Station Crew Rotation: Get the latest updates on Expedition 72 as NASA astronauts prepare for a crew transition aboard the ISS. Learn about the ongoing research into human adaptation to microgravity and the exciting activities taking place in this unique orbital laboratory.
- Intuitive Machines' Lunar Mission Conclusion: We cover the dramatic end of Intuitive Machines' Nova Sea lander mission, which, despite landing on its side, managed to return valuable data. Explore the implications of this mission for future lunar exploration efforts.
- NASA's Search for Artemis Mascot: Join us as we explore NASA's call for designers to create a zero gravity indicator for the Artemis 2 mission. This initiative connects creativity with space exploration, offering a unique opportunity for the global community. Details here: https://www.freelancer.com/contest/Moon-Mascot-NASA-Artemis-II-ZGI-Design-Challenge-2527909/details
- Upcoming Total Lunar Eclipse: Mark your calendars for March 14 as we prepare for the first total lunar eclipse of 2025. We'll provide essential viewing information and discuss the significance of this celestial event.
- Discovery of a Supermassive Black Hole: In a groundbreaking revelation, scientists have found evidence of a supermassive black hole in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Learn about the implications of this discovery and how it reshapes our understanding of our galactic neighborhood.
For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Join our community on social media by searching for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok. Don't forget to subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts.
Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.
00:00 - Welcome back to Astronomy Daily
01:05 - X37B spaceplane mission update
07:30 - ISS crew rotation news
12:15 - Intuitive Machines' lunar mission update
18:00 - NASA's Artemis mascot design contest
22:30 - Upcoming total lunar eclipse details
27:00 - Discovery of a supermassive black hole
32:00 - Conclusion and upcoming content
✍️ Episode References
X37B Spaceplane Information
[US Space Force](https://www.spaceforce.mil/)
International Space Station Updates
[NASA ISS](https://www.nasa.gov/iss)
Intuitive Machines Mission Overview
[Intuitive Machines](https://www.intuitivemachines.com/)
NASA's Artemis Campaign
[NASA Artemis](https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/)
Lunar Eclipse Viewing...

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Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your daily source for space and

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astronomy news. We have another great lineup of stories for

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you today, packed with groundbreaking developments from across the cosmos.

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We'll be diving into the mysterious world of classified space

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missions as we explore the latest achievements of the X

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thirty seven B space plane. Then we'll head to the

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International Space Station for updates on crew transitions and cutting

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edge research happening right now in Earth's orbit. We'll also

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update and examine the dramatic conclusion of Intuitive Machines Lunar mission,

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and get the details on NASA's search for a new

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mascot for their upcoming Artemis missions. For skygazers, we have

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essential information about an upcoming total lunar eclipse that you

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won't want to miss. And to cap it all off,

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we have a truly mind bending discovery evidence of a

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monster black hole hiding in our cosmic backyard. So get

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ready for an exciting journey through the latest space and

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astronomy news. Let's get started. The US Space Force's secretive

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X thirty seven B space plane has just completed another

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remarkable mission, touching down at Vandenberg Space Force base in California,

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after spending four hundred thirty four days in orbit. While

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this wasn't its longest flight, this mission broke new ground

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in several exciting ways. For the first time, the robotic

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space plane launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon heavy rocket, which

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placed it into a highly elliptical orbit. From this unique

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vantage point, the X thirty seven B conducted what space

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Force describes as space domain awareness experiments, helping to improve

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our understanding of the space environment. Perhaps the most significant

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achievement of this mission was the successful demonstration of an

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innovative aerobraking maneuver. This technique used Earth's atmosphere as a

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natural break, allowing the spacecraft to change its orbit more

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efficiently while conserving precious fuel. Space Force Chief of Operations

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Chance Saltzman called this a demonstration of the X thirty

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seven b's ability to flexibly accomplish its test of jasjectives

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across different orbital regimes. The Boeing built spacecraft has now

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proven itself capable of operating in various orbital configurations, showcasing

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impressive maneuverability and adaptability. While much of its mission remains classified,

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this latest flight adds to an impressive track record that

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includes the previous record holding flight of nine hundred eight days.

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The Space Force currently operates two of these remarkable X

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thirty seven B vehicles, which continue to push the boundaries

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of autonomous space operations. This latest mission, while shorter than

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some previous flights, represents a significant step forward in space

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plane technology and orbital operations capabilities, demonstrating new techniques that

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could prove valuable for future space missions. The International Space

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Station is currently buzzing with activity as Expedition seventy two

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prepares for an upcoming crew rotation. Four crew members NASA

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astronauts Nick Haig, Sunny Williams, Bosch, Willmore, and Roscosmos cosmonaut

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Alexander Gorbunov are getting ready to bid farewell to their

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orbital home in mid March. The departing crew has been

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busy practicing their return procedures using SpaceX Dragon computer tablets,

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reviewing every step from undocking to splash down off the

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Florida coast. Nick Haig will command the Dragon spacecraft for

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their journey home, bringing to close a mission that began

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last September for him and Gorbunov, while Williams and Wilmore

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have been aboard since June. Their replacements are already preparing

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for launch. The SpaceX Crew ten mission is targeted for

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March twelfth, carrying Commander Ann McLain and pilot Nicole Ayrs

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from NASA, along with JAKSA astronaut to Kuya Onishi and

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Roscosmos cosmonaut Kiril Peskov. This new quartet will initially join

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Expedition seventy two before transitioning to Expedition seventy three in

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mid April. Meanwhile, crucial research continues aboard the station. The

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crew has been conducting studies on how weightlessness affects the

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human body, with particular focus on exercise research. Using specialized

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equipment that mimics free weights in space, along with sensor

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equipped vests and headbands, they're gathering valuable data on human

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adaptation to microgravity. The station's laboratories are also hosting research

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into house sells sense gravity work that could lead to

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treatments for space related muscle loss and bone deterioration. This

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combines with ongoing maintenance tasks, cargo operations, and the unloading

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of nearly three tons of supplies that recently arrived aboard

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the progress ninety one cargo spacecraft. All of this activity

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demonstrates how the International Space Station continues to serve as

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humanity's premiere orbital laboratory, advancing our understanding of living and

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working in space, while maintaining its role as a symbol

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of international cooperation in space exploration. Next an update to

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yesterday's disappointing news from the Moon Intuitive Machines. Recent moon

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landing marked a significant milestone owning commercial lunar exploration, though

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the mission ended earlier than planned. As we reported yesterday.

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After successfully touching down near the lunar South Pole on

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March sixth, the company's Nova Sea lander Athena found itself

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in an unexpected position, resting on its side about one thousand,

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three hundred feet away from its intended landing site. Despite

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attempts to salvage the mission, the company has now declared

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the mission dead. The company confirmed that the mission was

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dead in an official statement. Despite the challenging situation, the

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mission wasn't without its achievements. Before its batteries were depleted,

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the lander managed to collect and transmit valuable data back

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to Earth. NASA's Prime one experiment suite, including the Trident

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Lunar drill successfully demonstrated its full range of motion in

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the harsh space environment. The mission's mass spectrometer also detected

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various elements, though these were likely from the lander's own

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propulsion system. The landing site itself is particularly noteworthy, as

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it represents the closest any spacecraft has ever landed to

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the lunar South Pole. This region is of special interest

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to scientists and future explorers due to its potential resources

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and unique environmental conditions. While the lander's position prevented it

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from fully operating its drill and other instruments as intended,

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the mission still managed to transmit about two hundred and

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fifty megabytes of data before operations concluded. This mission is

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part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services initiative, demonstrating both

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the progress and challenges in commercial lunar exploration. While not

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all objectives were met, the experience gained is already informing

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future missions. Intuitive Machines isn't done with lunar exploration either.

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They have two more deliveries planned for NASA, with missions

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scheduled for twenty twenty six and twenty twenty seven. The

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early conclusion of the mission, while disappointing represents the reality

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of lunar exploration. Its incredibly challenging, and even partial success

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can provide valuable lessons for future made As we continue

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to push the boundaries of lunar exploration, each attempt, whether

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fully successful or not, adds to our understanding and capabilities

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for future lunar operations. All right, let's move on to

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a story that's a bit more fun and something you

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might like to contribute to. NASA is reaching out to

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the global creative community with an exciting opportunity. They're looking

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for designers to create a zero gravity indicator for the

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historic Artemis two mission. These small, plush items serve an

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important role in spaceflight, providing astronauts and viewers on Earth

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with a visual indication of when spacecraft reach the weightless

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environment of space. The contest, which runs until May twenty seventh,

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asks participants to submit original designs that capture the spirit

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of NASA's Artemis campaign, the mission itself, or the broader

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themes of exploration and discovery. The winning design will need

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to meet specific requirements for materials and size to ensure

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it's suitable for spaceflight. Artemis two commander Reid Wiseman and

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his fellow crew members Victor Glover, Christina Coch and Jeremy

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Hansen will personally select the winning design from up to

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twenty five finalists, including entries from a special K twelve

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student division. NASA's Thermal Blanket Lab will then bring the

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chosen design to life, creating a unique piece of space

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history that will float alongside the astronauts as they journey

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around the Moon. This initiative continues NASA's long standing tradition

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of carrying zero gravity indicators on human spaceflight missions. The

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International Space Station has hosted numerous plush companions over the years,

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and during the Uncrude Artemis once mission, a plush snoopy

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made the journey around the Moon. These seemingly simple items

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help connect people on Earth to the wonder of space

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exploration while serving a practical purpose in demonstrating the onset

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of microgravity. The selected mascot will witness history as part

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of the first crude flight under NASA's Artemis campaign, traveling

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aboard the Orion spacecraft as it carries humans around the

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Moon for the first time since the Apollo era. This

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mission represents a crucial step in NASA's broader goals of

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establishing a sustainable presence on the Moon and preparing for

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future human missions to Mars. If you'd like to find

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out more and take part in this unique competition, I'll

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include a link in the show notes. After a long wait,

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skywatchers across the Americas are in for a spectacular treat

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on Friday, March fourteenth, as the first total lunar eclipse

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of twenty twenty five Graces are skies. This celestial event

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marks the end of what astronomers have called an eclipse drought,

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with the last total lunar eclipse visible from the Americas

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occurring back in November twenty twenty two. The show begins

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in the early hours of Friday morning, with the first

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subtle changes becoming visible around thirty minutes after the initial

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p numberal phase starts at three fifty seven Universal time.

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The real drama kicks off at five oh nine UT

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or one o nine am Eastern daylight time, when the

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Moon first encounters Earth's dark umbrel shadow. From there will

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witness a gradually unfolding spectacle as our natural satellite is

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slowly engulfed by Earth's shadow. During totality, which lasts just

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over sixty five minutes and reaches its peak at six

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fifty nine UT. Observers will have the chance to see

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the Moon take on its characteristic reddish hue, the famous

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blood moon effect. This coloration varies from eclipse to eclipse,

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ranging from bright cherry red to a darker, more subdued tone,

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depending on the amount of dust and aerosols present in

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Earth's atmosphere at the time. The Americas are perfectly positioned

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to witness the entire eclipse from start to finish, while

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observers in Europe and Western Africa will see the eclipse

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as the moon sets at sunrise. For those in Australia,

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New Zealand and northeastern Asia, the moon will rise already eclipsed,

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creating unique photography opportunities with the darkened Moon against the

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sunset sky. Unlike a solar eclipse, this lunar spectacle requires

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no special equipment to observe clear skies and an unobstructed

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view of the Moon. It's also a much more leisurely event,

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giving observers plenty of time to take in the changing

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appearance of our celestial companion as Earth's shadow gradually makes

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its way across the lunar surface. Interestingly, this eclipse is

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part of a larger series that includes an almost tetrad

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of total lunar eclipses spanning twenty twenty five and twenty

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twenty six. It also kicks off the first eclipse season

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of twenty twenty five, which will conclude with a deep

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partial solar eclipse visible from the North Atlantic on March

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twenty ninth. Finally, today, in an astounding astronomical revelation, scientists

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have uncovered evidence suggesting the presence of a supermassive black

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hole in our cosmic backyard. The large Magellanic Cloud, are

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Galaxy's closest neighboring galaxy, appears to be harboring this cosmic giant,

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and the evidence comes from an unexpected source, stars that

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are literally running away from home. Using data from the

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European Space Agency's Gaya satellite, researchers investigated twenty one hypervelocity stars,

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celestial bodies moving so rapidly they're actually escaping our galaxy's

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gravitational pull. What they found was fascinating. While about half

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of these stellar speedsters were launched by our own galaxies

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central black hole, the other half seem to have been

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catapulted by something else something massive lurking in the Large

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Magellanic Cloud. These hypervelocity stars are created through a cosmic

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dance of destruction. When a binary star system ventures too

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close to a supermassive black hole, one star gets captured

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while its partner is violently ejected at speeds of millions

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of miles per hour. It's like a cosmic slingshot effect,

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and by tracking these stellar projectiles backward along their paths,

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scientists could pinpoint their origin. The team's calculation suggests this

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hidden behemoth weighs about six hundred thousand times the mass

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of our Sun. While that might sound enormous, it's actually

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quite modest, as supermassive black holes go our own galaxies

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central black hole Sagittarius a star is about seven times

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more massive. Still, the discovery is remarkable because it's been

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hiding in plain sight all this time, in a galaxy

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we can actually see with the naked eye from Earth's

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southern hemisphere. This finding not only changes our understanding of

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our galactic neighborhood, but also provides new insights into how

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smaller galaxies like the Large Magellanic Cloud evolve and interact

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with their larger neighbors. It's a powerful reminder that even

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in our cosmic backyard, there are still major discoveries waiting

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to be made. And that's it for this episode. Thanks

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for spending time with us today on Astronomy Daily. If

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you want to stay up to date with all the

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latest developments in space and astronomy, be sure to visit

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our website at astronomydaily dot io. There you'll find our

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constantly updating news feed and access to all our previous episodes.

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Don't forget to subscribe to Astronomy Daily wherever you get

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your podcasts. Yes, we're available on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music,

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and iHeartRadio. And of course you can stream episodes directly

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from our website. That way, you'll never miss an episode.

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As we continue exploring the wonders of our universe together,

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this has been Anna bringing you the universe one story

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at a time. Keep looking up and I'll see you

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next time. Bye. Sunday. Star is so Star is a

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story