Nov. 22, 2024

S03E213: Supernova Spectacle, Lunar Alliances, and Canada's Rover Naming Quest

S03E213: Supernova Spectacle, Lunar Alliances, and Canada's Rover Naming Quest

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E213
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your trusted source for the latest in space exploration and astronomical discoveries. I'm your host, Anna. Today, we have a captivating lineup of stories that will take you from the...

Season 3
Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E213
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your trusted source for the latest in space exploration and astronomical discoveries. I'm your host, Anna. Today, we have a captivating lineup of stories that will take you from the death throes of a massive star to the newest developments in lunar exploration.
Highlights:
- Supernova Spectacle: Witness the unprecedented close-up image of a star, WOH G64, in its final stages of life in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Discover the egg-shaped cocoon of gas and dust that surrounds this massive star, as it prepares for its explosive supernova finale.
- ESA and JAXA's Next Big Cooperations: Explore the newly signed agreement between the European Space Agency and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, promising to accelerate space exploration with initiatives focusing on planetary defense, lunar exploration, and future missions to Mars.
- SpaceX Launch Expansion: Delve into the FAA's draft Environmental Assessment that supports SpaceX's request to increase Starship launches at their Starbase facility, paving the way for revolutionary launch frequencies and advancing their lunar and Martian ambitions.
- Canada's Lunar Rover Naming Contest: Join Canada's search for the perfect name for their first moon rover, part of the Artemis program. Learn how you can participate in this historic moment and contribute to the legacy of lunar exploration. Link below.
- Youngest Exoplanet Discovery: Uncover the groundbreaking discovery of the youngest planet ever found using the transit method. This cosmic infant, Tidy1b, offers a rare glimpse into planetary formation during its earliest stages.
- Starship Lunar Landing Plans: Discover new details about SpaceX and NASA's plans for landing astronauts on the moon using a specially modified version of Starship. Learn about the intricate maneuvers and safety measures being developed for the Artemis missions. Link below.
For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Sign up for our free Daily newsletter to stay informed on all things space. Join our community on social media by searching for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.
Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.
✍️ Episode References
SpaceX
[https://www.spacex.com](https://www.spacex.com)
European Space Agency
[https://www.esa.int](https://www.esa.int)
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
[https://www.jaxa.jp](https://www.jaxa.jp)
Artemis Program
[https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis](https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis)
Canadian Space Agency
https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/news/articles/2024/2024-11-20-what-should-we-call-the-first-canadian-rover-on-the-moon.asp
Large Magellanic Cloud
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_Magellanic_Cloud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_Magellanic_Cloud)
NASA
[https://www.nasa.gov](https://www.nasa.gov)
Axiom Space
[https://www.axiomspace.com](https://www.axiomspace.com)
HeroX Website
WEBVTT

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Welcome to today's edition of Astronomy Daily. My name is Anna,

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and today we have an absolutely fascinating lineup of stories

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from across the cosmos, from a groundbreaking image of a

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star on the brink of going supernova to major developments

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in lunar exploration. We're covering some incredible advances in space

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science and exploration. We'll take you on a journey to

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witness the death throes of a massive star in a

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neighboring galaxy, Explore new partnerships between space agencies that are

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pushing the boundaries of exploration, and get the latest updates

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on SpaceX's ambitious plans for their starship program. We'll also

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hear about Canada's search for the perfect name for their

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first Moon rover, discover the youngest exoplanet ever found using

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the transit method, and look at the detailed preparations being

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made to ensure astronauts safety on future Artemis missions to

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the lunar surface. Let's get started. In a remarkable breakthrough,

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astronomers have captured the first ever close up image of

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a star in its final stages of life outside our galaxy,

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located in the large Magellanic Cloud, approximately one hundred and

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sixty thousand light years from Earth, The star known as

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WHG sixty four is providing us with an unprecedented view

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of the dramatic end stages of a massive star's life.

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The image, though somewhat fuzzy, reveals something truly extraordinary, a

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glowing egg shaped cocoon of gas and dust surrounding the

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dying star, along with a faint oval ring extending beyond it.

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This nebula formation appears to have been ejected by the

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star itself as it approaches its inevitable explosive finale as

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a supernova. Before beginning this process of shedding its outer layers,

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WHG sixty four was estimated to be between twenty five

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to forty times more massive than our Sun. To put

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its current size into perspective, if we were to place

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this stellar giant at the center of our Solar system,

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it would extend all the way out to Saturn's orbit.

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That's an absolutely massive star going through its final metamorphosis.

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What makes this observation particularly exciting is that astronomers have

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noticed significant changes in the star's appearance over just the

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past decade. It's becoming progressively dimmer as it wraps itself

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in more layers of expelled gas and dust, giving us

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a rare opportunity to witness stellar evolution in real time.

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The large Magellanic cloud where this dying star resides, offers

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unique conditions for studying stellar evolution. With less dust and

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fewer metallic elements than our Milky Way, it may provide

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insights into what our own galaxy looked like in its youth,

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and how stars lived and died in the early universe.

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This groundbreaking image not only marks the first time we've

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seen such detailed structures around a dying star in another galaxy,

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but it also gives us a window into processes we've

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never been able to witness before. It's literally showing us

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how the biggest stars in our universe prepare for their

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final spectacular end. Meanwhile, back here on Earth, the European

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Space Agency and japan Aerospace Exploration Agency have just taken

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a major step forward in international space collaboration, signing a

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comprehensive agreement that promises to accelerate space exploration across multiple frontiers.

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This new partnership, dubbed Next Big Cooperations, spans an impressive

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range of initiatives. One of the most exciting aspects focuses

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on planetary defense, with both agencies working to study the

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asteroid Ofpofis during its close approach to Earth in twenty

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twenty nine. The mission, known as ramsays could provide crucial

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data about potentially hazardous asteroids. But that's just the beginning.

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The agencies are also planning collaborative small lander missions to

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Mars in the twenty thirties, combining their expertise in electric

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propulsion and landing technologies. This builds on their already successful

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partnership on missions like BEPI Colombo to Mercury and the

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earth Care Climate monitoring satellite. Looking closer to home. Both

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agencies are actively planning for life after the International Space Station,

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developing new activities in low Earth orbit. They're also joining

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forces on lunar exploration, sharing resources for testing, and working

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to ensure their communication and navigation systems work seamlessly together

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on the Moon. Perhaps most significantly, this partnership represents a

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new model of international cooperation in space exploration. By combining

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their unique capabilities and resources, ESAY and JACKSA are creating

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opportunities that neither agency could achieve alone. This collaboration isn't

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just about sharing costs. It's about accelerating scientific discovery and

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expanding our capabilities in space. The agreement has already garnered

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support from private space companies, with firms like I Space

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seeing new opportunities for commercial lunar development. This blend of

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government and commercial space activities could help establish a sustainable

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presence beyond Earth while addressing critical challenges like planetary defense.

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Some good news for SpaceX today, In what could be

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a major boost for SpaceX's ambitious testing program, the Federal

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Aviation Administration looks set to dramatically increase the company's launch

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capacity at their Starbase facility in South Texas. A newly

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released draft environmental assessment supports SpaceX's request to conduct up

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to twenty five Starship launches annually from the site starting

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in twenty twenty five. That's five times more than currently allowed.

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The one hundred and sixty page assessment doesn't just cover launches,

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It also approves up to twenty five landings each for

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both the super heavy booster and the Starship upper stage

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right back at Starbase. These wouldn't be splashed downs in

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the ocean either. The plan calls for catching both vehicles

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using the launch tower's mechanical arms, a technique SpaceX successfully

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demonstrated during their fifth test flight when they caught a

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returning super heavy booster. This expand launch cadence is crucial

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for SpaceX's vision of making Starship the largest and most

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powerful rocket ever built, fully and rapidly reusable. The company

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isn't just aiming for multiple launches per month. Their ultimate

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goal is multiple launches per day. That kind of launch

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frequency would be revolutionary for space exploration, potentially opening up

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regular trips to the Moon and Mars. While the assessment's

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findings are still preliminary, with public meetings scheduled for early

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January to discuss the environmental impact, this represents a significant

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shift in regulatory approach. It suggests that safety and environmental

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concerns can be balanced with the need to advance spaceflight capabilities,

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especially for a vehicle as important as Starship, which NASA

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has selected as the Lunar lander for their Artemis program.

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And timing couldn't be better, as Starship's test program continues

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to make impressive progress. Just this week, the vehicle completed

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its sixth test flight, achieving multiple mission objectives, despite a

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minor communications issue that prevented another attempt tower catch. Each

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flight brings valuable data and gets us one step closer

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to regular, reliable operations of this revolutionary spacecraft. Here's an

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exciting development from the USA's neighbors to the north. Canada

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is getting ready to join the new era of lunar

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exploration with their very first Moon rover, and they want

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the public's help in choosing its name. The Canadian Space

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Agency has launched a worldwide naming contest for this pioneering machine,

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which is scheduled to touch down on the lunar surface

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in twenty twenty six. The rover will be part of

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Canada's growing contribution to NASA's Artemis program, joining Canadian astronaut

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Jeremy Hansen, who's already been selected for the Artemis two

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mission that will orbit the Moon. This robotic explorer has

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an important job ahead. It's designed to search for water

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ice near the Moon's south pole while testing innovative technologies

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and gathering crucial scientific data. The shortlisted names each carries

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special significance. There's Athabasca, named after the mighty river flowing

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from the Rockies through Alberta, reflecting Canada's natural pathways of discovery, Courage,

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speaks to the decades of expertise that have led to

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this mission. Glacier draws a connection between the rover's ice

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hunting mission and Canada's own icy landscapes, while Paul R.

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Cleverly references both Canada's northern identity and the Rover's destination

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at the lunar South Pole. If you'd like to have

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your say in naming this historic machine, you can cast

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your vote through December twentieth on the Canadian Space Agency's website.

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It's a rare chance to help write a piece of

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space exploration history and connect Canada's heritage with humanity's returned

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to the Moon. Next, in a groundbreaking discovery, astronomers have

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detected what appears to be the youngest planet ever found

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using the transit method. At just three million years old,

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this cosmic infant gives us an unprecedented look at planetary

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formation in its earliest stages. The planet, officially designated as

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Iris zero four one two five plus twenty nine hundred

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two B but nicknamed Tidy one B by researchers, was

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spotted about five hundred and twenty light years away in

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the constellation Taurus. What makes this discovery particularly remarkable is

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that planets this young are usually completely hidden within the

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dusty disks surrounding their parent stars. However, a fortunate cosmic

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coincidence may have helped reveal this one to our telescopes.

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Scientists believe a passing star might have disturbed the dust

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disc around the young star, warping it in such a

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way that created a clear window for us to observe

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the developing planet. This lucky break has given astronomers their

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first close look at a planet during its formative years,

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something previously thought impossible at this early stage. The planet

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itself is quite intriguing. It's nearly as wide as Jupiter,

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but less than a third as massive. It completes an

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orbit of its star every eight point eight three days,

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placing it in a category of planets that's completely missing

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from our Solar System, somewhere between Neptune sized worlds and

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super earths. Even more fascinating, the planet appears to be

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actively losing mass, potentially offering us a glimpse at how

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different types of planets evolve. This discovery challenges our understanding

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of how quickly planets can form. For comparison, its belief

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that Earth took between ten and twenty million years to

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fully form, making this new world a remarkably fast developer.

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The finding opens up exciting new possibilities for studying planetary

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formation and may help us better understand how the incredible

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diversity of planets we see in the universe comes to be.

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Now this is fascinating. Space X and NASA have unveiled

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new details about how they plan to land astronauts on

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the Moon using Starship, offering a glimpse into the complex

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choreography of these upcoming lunar missions. The recently released artwork

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shows a specially modified version of Starship known as the

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Human Landing System, sporting a sleek white exterior and designed

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specifically for lunar operations. This lunar variant of Starship will

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need to perform an intricate series of maneuvers to accomplish

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its mission. After launching from Earth, it will require orbital refueling,

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with two starships meeting belly to belly in space to

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transfer the vital propellant. The lunar Starship will then venture

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to the Moon, where it will perform a precise docking

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maneuver with NASA's Orion spacecraft, allowing astronauts to transfer between

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the vehicles. The modified starship features several key differences from

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its Earth focused counterpart, including special windows for the crew

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and an elevator system to safely lower astronauts to the

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lunar surface once it successfully lands. Astronauts have already begun

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testing these systems, with Peggy Witsen and Doug Wheelock conducting

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simulations in Axiom Space's lunar suits at SpaceX headquarters. Meanwhile,

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NASA is taking no chances when it comes to crue

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safety on the lunar surface, and they are looking for

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your ideas. The agency has launched an a new challenge

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seeking innovative solutions for emergency situations during moon walks. They're

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specifically looking for ways that a single astronaut could rescue

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an incapacitated colleague up to two kilometers away from their

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landing site without relying on a rover. If you think

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you have a great idea and want to make a submission,

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just head on over to the Hero's website for details

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on how to do that. I'll include a link in

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the show notes. There's some good prize money at Stake two,

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with a total of forty five thousand dollars in prize

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money being distributed among five winning participants, including a first

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and second place winner and up to three third place winners.

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These developments come as NASA adjusts its timeline for the

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Artemis program, with the first crude lunar landing now targeted

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for September twenty twenty six. While this represents a delay

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from earlier plans, it reflects the careful attention being paid

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to crue safety and mission success in what will be

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humanity's returned to the lunar surface after more than fifty years.

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Thank you for joining me for today's episode of Astronomy Daily.

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This is Anna and I hope you've enjoyed our journey

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through the latest developments in space exploration and astronomical discoveries.

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Before we wrap up, I wanted to remind you that

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you can stay connected with all things space by visiting

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our website at Astronomy Daily dot io, where you'll find

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our free daily newsletter and constantly updating news feed with

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the latest space and astronomy headlines. Looking to catch up

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on previous episodes, you'll find our complete archive right there

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on the website, and of course we'd love to connect

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with you on social media. You can find us as

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Until next time, keep looking up and wondering about the

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mysteries of our cosmic neighborhood. I'm anna and this has

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been Astronomy Daily Honday Star Star Story The Soul