Sept. 16, 2024
S03E155: Hypersonic Breakthroughs, Starliner’s Return, and Mars' Spiders Unveiled
Astronomy AstroDailyPod - The Podcast: 16th September 2024
Welcome to Astronomy AstroDailyPod, your ultimate source for the latest in Space and astronomy news. I'm your host, Steve, and today we've got a stellar lineup of stories straight from the...
Astronomy AstroDailyPod - The Podcast: 16th September 2024
Welcome to Astronomy AstroDailyPod, your ultimate source for the latest in Space and astronomy news. I'm your host, Steve, and today we've got a stellar lineup of stories straight from the Astronomy AstroDailyPod newsletter. Joining us is Hallie, who will share some fascinating updates from Adelaide, South Australia, where hypersonic technology is taking off. So, buckle up as we explore hypersonic testbeds, lunar eclipses, and much more.
Highlights:
- Hypersonic Technology in South Australia: South Australia is set to become a global aerospace hub, thanks to a new memorandum of understanding between Southern Launch and Hypersonics Launch Systems. The collaboration aims to develop a hypersonic testbed service, utilising Southern Launch's spaceports for testing. Hypersonic vehicles, travelling at speeds exceeding Mach 5, will be launched on rockets and ignite their scramjet engines to achieve speeds up to Mach 12. This technology could revolutionise air travel, potentially reducing flight times from Adelaide to London to just 2 hours.
- Partial Lunar Eclipse and Super Moon: Get ready for a celestial treat! A partial lunar eclipse and a super moon are on the horizon. Visible across North and South America on Tuesday night, and in Africa and Europe on Wednesday morning, this event will feature the moon appearing larger and slightly dimmer. No special eye protection is needed, so grab your binoculars and enjoy the show.
- Iran's Satellite Launch: Iran successfully launched the Shamron-1 research satellite into orbit using the Game 100 carrier. This satellite aims to test hardware and software systems for orbital manoeuvre technology. Despite western criticism, Iran insists its aerospace activities are peaceful and in accordance with UN resolutions.
- Boeing's Starliner Returns: Boeing's Starliner capsule returned to Earth without its two-person crew, marking the end of a challenging test flight to the ISS. Astronauts Butch Wilmore and Sunita Williams will remain on the ISS until February 2025, returning on a SpaceX Dragon capsule. NASA continues to support Boeing, emphasising the importance of having multiple crew launch systems.
- SpaceX's Polaris Dawn Mission: The Polaris Dawn mission made history with the first spacewalk by non-government astronauts. The crew, led by Jared Isaacman, ventured into the Van Allen radiation belt, reaching a peak altitude of 870 miles. The mission also featured connectivity tests with SpaceX's Starlink Internet satellite constellation.
- Martian Spiders Recreated: Scientists have recreated the spider-like geologic features found on Mars in a lab. These formations, known as arachniform terrain, are believed to be created by processes involving carbon dioxide ice. This breakthrough helps us understand the unique geological processes on Mars.
For more Space news, be sure to visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There you can sign up for our free AstroDailyPod newsletter, catch up on all the latest Space and astronomy news with our constantly updating news feed, and listen to all our previous episodes.
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Thank you for tuning in, and remember to keep your eyes on the skies. Until next time, keep looking up.
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WEBVTT
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Welcome to Astronomy Daily. I'm Steve your host. It's the
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sixteenth of the ninth, twenty twenty four.
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The podcast with your whole Steve gun Crude.
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Yes, welcome and welcome to Astronomy Daily. We have a
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terrific collection of stories right off the Astronomy Daily newsletter
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for you today, and Hallie will share with you something
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from down Under, in fact, way down under, all the
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way from gorgeous Adelaide in South Australia where they are
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working on hypersonic technology. Great story. We'll have a look
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at the next chapter for Boeing and Starliner, following the
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long stay at the ISS and the uncrude re entry
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of that craft. That'll be interesting. And did you know
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there's a partial lunar eclipse coming shortly. I think Halle
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has the details for that one as well. I saw
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her going through the calendar a while ago, so I'm
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sure she's got those details. The big news of this week,
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of course, was the flight of Polaris Dawn. If you
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were under a rock or asleep like I was, you'll
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probably might have missed some of it. But he safely
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returned to Florida yesterday. That's our time here in Australia.
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But anyway, returned to Florida and there's another story filed
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here somewhere on Malli.
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Where did you put it? Helle?
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Helly?
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Helle? Ah, Helle, crazy kids? Found my record collection again?
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That's David Bowie. Halle turn it down? Oh cool?
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Hey?
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Have you been going through my record collection again?
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Final Human? Really?
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Yeah? Really?
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And David Bowie, Oh the star.
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Man, I mean, the coolest man on the planet.
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Okay, I'll give you that one. But you know why
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I pulled that song out, don't you.
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Ah? Yes, sir, I remember what the story is now.
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It's the spiders from Mars.
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It's just too cool for school, isn't it.
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Helly so weird? Do you think he knew all those
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years ago?
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Oh? I don't know.
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No, he was pretty weird back in the day though.
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I mean it was a great song. If you don't
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know who we're talking about, we're talking about David Bowie
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and his song Ziggy Stardust and the spot is from Mars,
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coincidentally preempting a story on the Astronomy Daily newsletter this week.
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Just a coincidence, of course, or is it you're freaking
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my bits?
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Now?
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Human? Should I do some stories.
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Yeah, keep on truck and Halle lay them on a.
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Sister, so groovy. All of a sudden.
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Ground control to Helle, I was never cool.
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It's news time, Roger that my favorite human. South Australia
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is set to enhance its position as a global aerospace
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hub following a memorandum of understanding between Southern Launch, a
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prominent spaceport provider, and Hypersonics Launch Systems, a Queensland based
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developer of hypersonic vehicles and scramjet technology. The memorandum outlines
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a collaboration to develop a hypersonic testbed service that will
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utilize Southern Launch as spaceports for testing. Hypersonics is known
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for its expertise in designing and manufacturing hypersonic vehicle technology
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and scramjet engines, and this agreement will see the two
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companies working together on a mission to launch and return
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Hypersonics's test bed vehicles utilizing either of Southern Launches spaceports.
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South Australia has some geographical advantages that make it the
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perfect place to test hypersonic vehicles. Hypersonic aircraft travel at
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speeds exceeding five times the speed of sound and require
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extensive space for testing. Hypersonics's aircraft will be launched on
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a rocket and will ignite its scramjet engines to achieve
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speeds of up to mock twelve. There are a huge
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number of both emerging technology companies and large aerospace companies
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that need hypersonic flight heritage for their products, and the
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intensity of hypersonic testing is set to rise rapidly. Hypersonic
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CEO Matt Hill said, our hypersonic test bed will make
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it more affordable for these companies to flight qualify their technology.
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The companies are set to collaborate on a concept for
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the future commercial launch and return of a hypersonics test
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bed vehicle. Hypersonics's long term goal is to provide affordable
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aircraft like access to space, with spacecraft deployed at the
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edge of space and returning to Earth like an airplane.
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The technology also holds the promise of powering future passenger aircraft,
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potentially reducing flight times from Adelaide to London to just
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two hours. And yes, human I found the next eclipse
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in the calendar. It only took a nanosecond, of course,
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and it turns out we get a bonus with this one.
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So get ready for a partial lunar eclipse and supermoon
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all rolled into one. The spectacle will be visible in
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clear skies across North America and South America Tuesday night,
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and in Africa and Europe Wednesday morning. A partial lunar
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eclipse happens when the Earth passes between the Sun and Moon,
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casting a shadow that darkens a sliver of the Moon
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and appears to take a bite out of it. Since
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the Moon will inch closer to Earth than usual, it'll
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appear a bit larger in the sky. The supermoon is
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one of three remaining this year. A little bit of
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the Sun's light is being blocked, so the Moon will
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be slightly dimmer, said Valerie raps In, an astronomer at
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the State University of New York. At ONEONTA. The Earth,
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Moon and Sun line up to produce a solar or
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lunar eclipse anywhere from four to seven times a year,
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according to NASA. This lunar eclipse is the second and
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final of the year, after a slight darkening in March.
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In April, a total solar eclipse plunged select cities into
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darkness across North America. No special eye protection is needed
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to view a lunar eclipse, viewers can stare at the
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Moon with the naked eye, or opt for binoculars and
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telloscopes to get a closer look. To spot the Moon's
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subtle shrinkage over time, hang outside for a few hours,
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or take multiple peaks over the course of the evening,
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said cauch On, you, curator at the Denver Museum of
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Nature and Science. It will take some time for you
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to see the difference, but as good skywatchers know, it's
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all about the observations and being patient for a more
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striking lunar site. Skywatchers can set their calendars for March thirteenth,
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the Moon will be totally eclipsed by the Earth's shadow
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and will be painted red by stray bits of sunlight
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filtering through Earth's atmosphere. I Run on Saturday blasted a
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new research satellite into orbit, State Media said, in the
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latest such development for an aerospace program that has long
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faced Western criticism, the Shameran one research satellite was successfully
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launched and put into orbit by the game one hundred carrier.
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State Television said. The satellite, which weighs around sixty kilograms
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or one hundred and thirty two pounds, is designed to
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test hardware and software systems for orbital maneuver technology, the
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report said. It also stated that the device was designed
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and built by Iranian electronics industries affiliated with the Defense ministry.
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Western governments, including the United States, have repeatedly warned Iran
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against such launches, saying the same technology can be used
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for ballistic missiles, including ones designed to deliver a nuclear warhead.
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Iran has countered that it is not seeking nuclear weapons
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and that its satellite and rocket launches are for civil
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or defense purposes only. The Game one hundred rocket, which
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carried the latest satellite, is manufactured by the Aerospace Organization
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of Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps, an arm of the military.
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The carrier is the country's first three stage solid fuel
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satellite launcher, and official media reported its use in January
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to send a satellite for the first time into an
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orbit above five hundred kilometers or three hundred and ten miles.
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Iran has for years been advancing its aerospace activities, insisting
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they are peaceful and in accordance with United Nations Security
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Council resolutions. In February, Russia put into orbit an Iranian
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remote sensing and imaging satellite drawing condemnation from the United States.
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At the time, Iran's telecommunications minister said Iran had carried
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out a dozen satellite launches over the previous two years.
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Iran in January said it simultaneously sent three satellites into orbit,
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nearly a week after the launch of a research satellite
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by the Guards. The Islamic Republic has struggled with several
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satellite launch failures in the past. Iran has suffered years
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of crippling Western sanctions, especially after its archfaux. The United States,
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under then President Donald Trump in twenty eighteen, unilaterally abandoned
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a landmark nuclear deal between Tehran and major powers. Iran
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on Thursday summoned four European ambassadors after they imposed new
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sanctions over its alleged supply of ballistic missiles to Russia
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for use in Ukraine, which Tehran denies.
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Thank you for joining us for this Monday edition of
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Astronomy Daily, where we offer just a few stories from
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the now famous Astronomy Daily newsletter, which you can receive
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in your email every day, just like Hallie and I do.
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Just like that, you'll be receiving all the latest news
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as it's happening. And not only that, you can interact
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See you there.
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Astronomy with Steve and Halee Space Space Science and Astronomy.
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Boeing's crew transport space capsule the Starline a return to
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Earth without its two person crew right after midnight Eastern
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time on September seven. Its remotely piloted return marked the
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end of a fraught test flight to the International Space Station,
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which left two astronauts, Books Wilmore and Sanita Sunny Williams
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on the space station four months longer than intended after
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thrust failures led NASA to deem the capsule unsafe to
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pilot back. Wilmore and Williams will stay on the ISS
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until February twenty twenty five, when they will return to
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Earth on a SpaceX Dragon capsule. NASA awarded contracts to
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both Boeing and SpaceX in twenty fourteen to provide crew
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transport vehicles to the ISS via the commercial crew program.
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At the start of the program, both most bets were
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on Boeing to take the lead because of its extensive
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aerospace experience. However, SpaceX moved very quickly with its new
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rock at the Falcon nine and its cargo ship Dragon.
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While they suffered some early failures during testing, they aggressively built, tested,
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and learned from each failure. In twenty twenty, SpaceX successfully
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launched its first test crew to the ISS Space Station. Meanwhile,
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Boeing struggled through some development setbacks. The outcome of this
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first test flight is a huge disappointment for Boeing and NASA,
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but NASA's leadership has expressed its support for Boeing believe
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it remains the agency's best interest to have more than
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one American crew launch system to support continued space operations.
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NASA is also continuing to engage partnership with Russia. This
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partnership provides the agency with multiple ways to get crew
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members to and from the space station. As space station
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operations continue, NASA and its partners have enough options to
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get people to and from the station that they'll always
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have the essential crew on the station even if there's
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launch disruptions for any one of the capable crewed vehicles.
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Having Starliner as an option will help that with that redundancy.
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At the moment, Boeing is going head to head with
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space X. Now, the SpaceX Dragon crew spacecraft has several
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flights under its belt and it's proven a reliable way
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to get to and from the space station. It's important
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to remember that this was a test flight for Starline.
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Of course, the program managers want each test flight to
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run perfectly, but you can't anticipate every potential problem through
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ground testing. Unsurprisingly, some problems crop up and you expect
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them in a test flight. The space pro environment is unforgiving.
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A small problem can become catastrophic in zero gravity. It's
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hard to replicate these situations on the ground. The technology
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SpaceX and Boeing use is also radically different from the
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kind of capsule technology used in the early days of Mercury,
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Gemini and Apollo programs. NASA has evolved and made strategic
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moves to advance its mission over the past two decades.
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The agency has leaned into its legacy of thinking outside
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the box. It was in innovative move to break from
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the tradition and leverage commercial competitors to advance the program.
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NASA gave the companies a set of requirements and left
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it up to them to figure out how.
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They would meet them.
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As for but Wilmore and Sonny Williams, they are considered
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rock solid professionals, and it's believed that their first thoughts
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are about completing their missions safely. They are both highly
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experienced astronauts with previous long duration space station experience. But
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right now NASA is dealing with a ripple effect with
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more astronauts than expected on the space station. More people
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means more consumables like food and clothing that are required.
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The space station has supported a large crew for short
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periods in the past, but with nine crew members already
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on board, the systems have to work harder to purify,
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recycle drinking water, generate oxygen, and remove carbon dioxide from
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their atmosphere. Wilmore and Williams are also consuming food, and
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they did derive with the clothes and other personal supplies
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they needed for an eighth month's stay, so NASA has
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already started increasing those deliveries on cargo ships.
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It's understood that.
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Human spaceflight is excruciatingly hard and relentlessly, unforgiving. A million
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things must go right to have a successful mission. It's
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impossible to fully understand the performance of systems in microgravity
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environments until they are tested in space. NASA has had
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its numerous failures and near misses in the quest to
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put Americans on the Moon. They lost the Apollo one
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