April 21, 2026
Young Stars Dim Quicker, Surprising Solar Winds, and Dream Chaser's Milestone
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SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 48 *Finding that young Sun like stars dim quickly is good news for life A new study has discovered that young Sun like stars settle down and start to dim more quickly than previously thought, potentially benefiting orbiting planets and the prospects of life. *A surprisingly speedy solar wind found in inner corona A new study has found that the solar wind is travelling up to four times faster than expected in the Sun’s inner corona. *Dream Chaser passes another critical milestone The Sierra Space Dream Chaser space plane Tenacity has just completed launch acoustic testing at NASA’s Space Systems Processing Facility. *The Science Report Long-term HIV remission achieved following a stem cell transplant. How to save Venice from rising sea levels. Half of all answers to health and medical questions by AI found to be problematic. Alex on Tech: The 6G countdown has begun.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
This episode is brought to you by NordVPN. For the best online protection and a great price check out our special deal: Click Here
SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 48 *Finding that young Sun like stars dim quickly is good news for life A new study has discovered that young Sun like stars settle down and start to dim more quickly than previously thought, potentially benefiting orbiting planets and the prospects of life. *A surprisingly speedy solar wind found in inner corona A new study has found that the solar wind is travelling up to four times faster than expected in the Sun’s inner corona. *Dream Chaser passes another critical milestone The Sierra Space Dream Chaser space plane Tenacity has just completed launch acoustic testing at NASA’s Space Systems Processing Facility. *The Science Report Long-term HIV remission achieved following a stem cell transplant. How to save Venice from rising sea levels. Half of all answers to health and medical questions by AI found to be problematic. Alex on Tech: The 6G countdown has begun.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
The Astronomy, Space, Technology & Science News Podcast.
WEBVTT
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This is Spacetime Series twenty nine, episode forty eight, for
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broadcast on the twenty second of April twenty twenty six.
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Coming up on space Time, discovery that young sun like
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stars dim quickly good news for the possibility of life,
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a surprisingly speedy solar wind discovered in the inner corona,
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and the dream chase of space plane passes another critical milestone.
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All that and more coming up on space Time.
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Welcome to space Time with Stewart Gary.
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A new study has discovered that young sun like stars
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tend to settle down and start to dim much more
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quickly than previously thought, and that could potentially benefit any
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orbiting planets and the prospects of life developing there. The findings,
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reported in the Astrophysical Journal are based on new observations
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by NASA's Earth Orbiting Chandra X ray space telescope. Astronomers
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use Chander and other telescopes to monitor how powerful radiation
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from young stars, often in the form of dangerous X rays,
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can pummel any planets orbiting around them. However, they didn't
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know how long this high energy barrage would last. That's
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where the new observations come in. Astronomers studied eight clusters
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of stars between forty five and seven hundred and fifty
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million years old. The authors found that sun like stars
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in these clusters unleashed only about a quarter to a
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third of the X rays they're expecting. The studies lead
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author Constantine Gatman from Penn State University says the observations
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reveal a natural quietening of young sun like stars in
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X rays, possibly because their internal generation of magnetic fields
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becomes less efficient, and Gatman believes this karmi could have
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been a boom for the formation of life on planets
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around stars that are younger versions of our own four
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point six billion year olds. That's because large amounts of
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X rays can erode a planet's atmosphere, preventing the formation
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of molecules necessary for organic life as we know it.
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On average, three million year old stars with a mass
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equal to that of the Sun produced around one thousand
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times more X rays than our Sun does today. Meanwhile,
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one hundred million year old solar mass stars are about
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forty times brighter in X rays than the present day Sun,
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and it's possible that we owe our own existence to
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our Sun doing the same thing several billion years ago.
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The authors found that stars with about the same mass
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as the Sun widened down relatively rapidly after just a
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few hundred million years, while those with less mass kept
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up their high level of X ray emissions for much longer.
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Combined with the decrease in the energy of the X
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rays and the disappearance of energetic particles, the Sun size
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stars are apparently better suited to host planets with robust
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atmospheres and possibly blossoming life than previously thought. Yetman and
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colleagues also used data from the Europeans Space Agencies Gaya
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satellite and the ROSAT mission. This allowed them to identify
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stars that were members of clusters rather than either foreground
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of background stars. To measure the X ray outputs from
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the stars, the authors made new Chandra observations of five
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clusters with ages between forty five million and one hundred
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million years. In addition to using Chandra and ROSAT data
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from archives, the study three older stellar clusters with ages
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between two hundred and twenty and seven hundred and fifty
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million years. Astronomers hadn't previously been able to study the
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exact X ray output of stars in this age range.
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Most have relied on sparse data and a relationship from
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previous work between the X ray missions produced by young
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stars and their ages and spin rates. All the more
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slowly rotating stars are usually fainter in X rays, but
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the authors found that X ray output drops off about
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fifteen times more rapidly than the relationship predicts during the
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specific adolescent phase. While they're still investigating the cause of
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this slower than expected activity, a strong us think the
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processes that generate magnetic fields in these stars may become
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less efficient, and that would lead to the stars becoming
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quieter inn X rays more quickly as they age. This
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is space time still to come. A surprisingly speedy solar
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wind found in the Sun's inner corona, and this Ierra
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space dream Chaser space playing tenacity passes another critical milestone
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or that and more still to come on space time.
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A new study has found that the solar wind is
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traveling up to four times faster than expected in the
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Sun's inner corona. The solar wind is a constant stream
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of church particles flowing out from the Sun. The new findings,
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reported in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, provides fresh details about
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the inner workings of our local star. The discovery marks
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the first result from the European Space Agency's pro three mission.
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PROBA three comprises two spacecraft flying in millimeter precise formation.
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The exacting nature of their orbit allows one of the
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vehicles to directly a cult or block out Sun from
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the other in a process creating an artificial solar eclipse.
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This allows astronomers to study the Sun's faint, wispy corona
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that's the atmosphere of the Sun normally obscured by the
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Sun's glare. The PROBA three mission, launched last year and
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at so far created fifty seven artificial solar eclipses, collecting
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more than two hundred and fifty hours of high resolution
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videos of the Sun's atmosphere. Before PROB three, a solar
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eclipse seen from Earth was the best way to see
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the suns in a corona. See when the Moon blocks
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out the Sun's direct light, scientists can capture details in
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the solar atmosphere around the Sun. The problem is total
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solar eclipses only happen on average once every eighteen months
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or so, and when they do happen totality, that's when
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the Moon totally blocks out the Sun usually only lasts
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for a few minutes at most, so the observations by
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PROBA three amounts to the same amount of observing time
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as five thousand solar eclipse campaigns on Earth. This is
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the first time astronomers have been able to carefully track
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how material from the Sun moves through the inner corona,
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where space weather is born. For around five hours at
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a time, the occulta spacecraft acts like an artificial moon,
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blocking out the Sun's direct light, so the other space
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graft the chronograph, can see the Sun's corona, and PROBA
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three's chronograph instrument can see down to seventy thousand kilometers
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above the Sun's surface. That's one tenth of the Sun's radius.
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No other space based chronograph can observe the light scattering
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off particles in the Sun's corona this close to the
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solar surface. The instrument takes one or two images a minute.
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These are then combined into videos that reveal never before
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seen movement in the hard to observe in a corona.
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Is this pro three project scientist Joe Zender says these
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sorts of intricate movements have never previously been observed in
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optical wavelengths so low that the Sun's in a corona.
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Sender says PROBA three can track how the solar wind
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speeds up through the Sun, showing speeds in accelerations that
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are surprising scientists. Just like wind here on Earth, the
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solar wind can be fast or slow, smooth or gusty.
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A fast solar wind usually flows in smooth currents from
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magnetic structures called coronal holes. In contrast, slow solar winds
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are variable and gusty, making understanding how it all works
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more difficult. Scientists think the slow solar wind is generated
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by the Sun's magnetic field lines changing how they connect, merge,
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and separate. This process pushes out blobs of plasma in
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large bright raising the corona, called streamers. In the inner corona,
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a region difficult to observe, astronomers saw slow solar wind
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gusts moving three or four times faster than expected. Previously,
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scientists had found that close to the Sun's surface, the
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solar wind should have been traveling at speeds of around
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one hundred kilometers per second, but instead they track some
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of these blobs of plasma, moving it between two hundred
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and fifty and five hundred kilometas a second. Overall, the
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wide range of speeds, accelerations and movement directions in the
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data explain why the slow solar wind is so hard
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to understand. It's naturally not uniform, involving lots of small
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scale structures in the Sun's magnetic field, which astronomers can
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now see thanks to PROBA three. The discovery comes just
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weeks after contact was re established with one of the spacecraft,
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which had suddenly gone silent following an onboard glitch, the
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cause of which is still being investigated. Zender says this
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first data set is just the beginning of a much
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longer journey to fully understand what's happening in the Sun.
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Most of the data collected by PROBA three so far
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is yet to be analyzed. Key open questions yet to
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be answered include funny out exactly what accelerates the solar wind,
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how the Sun flings out material in coronal mass ejections,
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and why the sun solar corona is so much hotter
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the surface of the Sun. After all, things are supposed
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to get cooler the further away you get from the
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het source this report, and the brilliance of the pro
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three emission from a TV.
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During a solar eclipse, the Earth is plunged into darkness
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and the Sun's ghostly atmosphere becomes visible. But what exactly
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causes solar eclipses? And how do scientists create their own
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artificial solar eclipses? And how will our mission PROBA three
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generate artificial solar eclipses on demand? Let's find out. So
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how do solar eclipses happen? The answer is simple. It's
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when the Sun, Moon, and Earth of the perfectly aligned,
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and the Moon covers the entire disk of the Sun.
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The fact that solar eclipses happen at all is a
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cosmic coincidence. It just so happens that the Sun is
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four hundred times bigger than our Moon, but also four
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hundred times further away, so the two bodies look the
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same size in our sky. Solar eclipses are extremely valuable
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because they allow scientists to study the Sun's atmosphere, also
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known as the solar corona. Scientists are particularly interested in
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this region of the Sun because it's the source of
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solar wind and space weather, which can impact satellites and Earth.
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These effects are especially noticeable during coronal mass ejections, enormous
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bubbles of superheated gas ejected from the Sun. The solar
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corona is a million times fainter than the Sun's surface,
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so the light from the solar disc needs to be
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blocked in order to see it. This is why eclipses
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are ideal for studying this region, and scientists trek all
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over the world to see them. Unfortunately, though, solar eclipses
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are a rare phenomenon, occurring only for a few minutes
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every eighteen months or so. But how do we know
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anything about the solar corona given the eclipses occur so rarely.
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Scientists use corona graphs, special telescopes that use a disc
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to block the Sun's bright surface. Other words, a coronagraph
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produces an artificial solar eclipse bar who. Coronagraphs are not
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only used on the ground, but also in space. Previous
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sun observing missions, such as SOHO incorporate coronagraphs to study
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the corona, but their effectiveness is limited. Mimicking a real
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solar eclipse is difficult. When using a coronagraph, light spills
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around the edge of the disc, distorting the view we get.
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The best way to minimize this spill over stray light
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is to move the disc further away from the telescope lens.
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But how much further away approximately one hundred and fifty
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meters the length of one and a half football pitches,
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and sending something that big into space is just not
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a practical idea. So how can we create a perfect
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artificial solar eclipse in space? This is where our Robo
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three mission comes in. Instead of relying on a single
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in practically long coronagraph, Probo three consist of two spacecraft,
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a camera satellite and a disk satellite. They fly together
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so precisely that they operate like a single corona graph
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around one hundred and fifty meters long. One spacecraft blocked
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the Sun, creating an artificial eclipse, while the other observed
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the Sun. To make this possible, the two spacecraft have
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to stay positioned with millimeter scale accuracy to create artificial
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solar eclipses on demand, significantly advancing our understanding of this
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mysterious region.
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This is space time. Still the CAM the Dream Chase
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of Spaceplate Tenacity completes a major acoustic test Master and
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FINESSA and later in the science report, engineers and ciders
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looking at ways to save Venus from the threat of
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rising sea levels or there and more. Still the CAM
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on space Time, the Serra Space Dream Chaser space plane
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Tenacity has just completed launch acoustic testing at NASA's Space
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Systems Processing facility. The key milestone event validates the vehicle's
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ability to withstand the intense vibrations produced during launch. The
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test and a specially designed hangar at the Kennedy Space
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Center in Florida, uses an array of ninety stack Giant
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speakers to simulate the sounds and vibrations experienced during blast off.
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The dream Chaser spaceplane was positioned at the center of
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the test set up with its wing stowed, mirroring the
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configuration you would have when it's mounted inside the five
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meter payload fairing during an actual launch. The successful test
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validated the durability of dream Chaser's critical electronics systems and
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confirm the structural integrity of the spacecraft. So Dream Chaser
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has now achieved several key milestones, including EMI and AMC testing,
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high speed tow testing, and post landing recovery rehearsals. It's
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also demonstrated command and telemetry capabilities with mission control using
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NASA's tracking and data relay satellite system. With the acoustic
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testing now completing Forloridda, Dream Chase has been transported back
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to Colorado for final modifications and mission specific upgrades. Serra's
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space dream Chaser program manager Dan Pollis says it's a
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key step in getting the spacecraft ready for flight. Now
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NASA's slated Dream Chas's tenacity for initial six missions. It's
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first possibly later this year. That forty five day flight
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won't visit the International Space Station, but instead undertake low
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Earth orbit testing. Although originally designed to carry crews of
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up to seven to the International Space Station, the reusable
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wing space plane will only be used by NASA to
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transport cargo and supplies to and from the orbiting outpost
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as part of NASA's commercial resupply Services to contract. Dream
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Chase is capable of carrying five thousand kilogram of pressurized
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five hundred kilograms of unpressurized cargo during the ascent phase.
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On its uphill climb to the space station, and on
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