S26E109: Have they finally found Planet X?

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This is Spacetime Series twenty six,
Episode one hundred and nine, for broadcast

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on the eleventh of September twenty twenty
three. Coming up on Spacetime, Have

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they finally found Planet X? Japan's
Chrism space telescope launches into orbit and discovery

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of our own local baryonic acoustic oscillation. All that and more coming up on

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Spacetime Welcome to Spacetime with Stewart Garry. Astronomers in Japan have found possible evidence

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of an earthlike planet orbiting in the
Kaiper Belt. The findings are reported in

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the Astronomical Journal and on the pre
Press physics website archive dot org. Are

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based on the discovery event usual orbits
for several Carper Belt objects, and suggest

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a large Earth size planet orbiting around
five hundred astronomical units out from the Sun.

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An astronomical unit is the average distance
between the Sun and the Earth,

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roughly one hundred and fifty million kilometers
or eight point three light minutes. The

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Kiper Belt is a ring of comets, icy worlds, and frozen debris circling

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the Sun out beyond the orbit of
Neptune, which orbits some thirty astronomical units

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out from the Sun. The dwarf
planets Pluto and Sharon are probably the best

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known Carper Belt objects. The new
statis authors Patrick's to Fear like Kakwa from

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Kindai University and Takashi Eater from the
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, describe the

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orbital properties of trans Neptunian objects,
which appear to be consistent with gravitational perturbations

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that would have been caused by a
planet not much bigger than the Earth orbiting

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Among them, They also found a
significant number of Carper built objects at inclination

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orbits. Intrigued by their findings,
follow up computer simulations designed to explain their

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observations showed that the most likely explanation
was a relatively large carbo built object,

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such as a planet. The simulations
also showed that such a planet, if

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it exists, would have a mass
of between one and a half and three

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times that of the Earth, an
inclination of approximately thirty degrees to the ecliptic

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that is the plane where the planets
roughly orbit the Sun, and an orbit

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that would take the planet between two
hundred and fifty and five hundred astronomical units

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out from the Sun. The new
findings are just the latest effort in an

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ongoing search for a so called planet
nine, sometimes referred to as planet X.

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But what makes this new effort so
interesting is that the suspected planets orbiting

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much closer and than what previous studies
have suggested. The first solid hints of

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a possible planet X or planet nine
came to light over a decade ago when

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astronomers were looking for objects which could
pose a threat to the New Horizon spacecraft,

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which at that time was on a
mission to study Pluto on the Kuiper

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Belt. As they undertook their surveys, astronomers noticed some unusual gravitational perturbations in

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the orbit of thirteen Kiper Belt objects, thought to have been caused by interactions

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with a yet to be discovered massive
planet sized body. Then, careful calculations

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of the orbit of a Kuiper Belt
object twenty twelve VP one thirteen by planet

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hunters in twenty fourteen led to the
detection of similarities in the orbits of several

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other distant Kuiper Belt objects, and
it resulted in the new hypothesis postulating the

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possible existence of an unknown planet X
or planet nine, now based on the

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earlier observations, the undiscovered world would
be up to four times the size of

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the Earth and around nine times Earth's
mass. Now that's a lot bigger what's

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being proposed now. Also, the
orbit was very different too. It was

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on a highly elongated orbit around the
Sun, estimated to last at least fifteen

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thousand earth years. If it exists, the mysterious planet X could be an

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interstellar rogue planet captured by the Sun's
gravitational pool, or it could be a

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planet that was stolen by the Sun's
gravity from a neighboring star system early in

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the history of the Solar System,
when the Sun was just leaving it still

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a nursery. Another option is that
there are several models of planets in migration

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within the Solar System, which suggests
that as Jupiter and Satin migrated out to

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their current orbital positions, their gravitational
perturbations caused Neptune and Uranus to also move

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outwards in the process, swapping their
orbital positions and flinging a third ice giant,

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which was part of the group,
out into the Kiper Belt or possibly

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even beyond into interstellar space as a
rogue planet. Oh And as for the

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indecision between planet X and Planet nine. Well, the first ideas of a

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planet X in the Kiper Belt came
at a time when Plutter was still considered

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a fully fledged planet before it was
demoted to dwarf planet status, and so

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Skyper Belt World would have been a
tenth planet a planet X. This is

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space time still to come. Japan's
CHRISM space telescope launches into orbit and discovery

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of our own local barryonic acoustic oscillation
all that them or still to come on

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spacetime. A powerful new Japanese X
ray telescope is just blasted into orbit.

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The X ray Imaging in Spectroscopy mission
CHRISM was launched aboard an H two a

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rocket from the Tankashima Space Center in
southern Japan's just a gossip. We have

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a liftoff of the H Dwey launch
peak or number of forty seven from jack

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Start and the Gustimos based center at
age forty two and level seconds am on

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September stables depounced unt of time.
The H Dewey is now flying about the

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amount of an ocean duley least led
by Jackson, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

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and collaboration with NASA and the European
Space Agency, the two thousand, three

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hundred kilograms spacecraft was placed into a
five hundred and fifty kilometer high orbit.

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Jackson had been forced to scrub three
earlier launch attempts hit bad weather. The

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new orbiting observatory will spend the next
month checking systems and calibrating instruments before beginning

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a three year scientific mission. Once
operational, CHRISM will study some of the

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hardest objects in the universe, such
as neutron stars, black holes as they're

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feeding, and massive galaxy clusters.
CHRISMS Principal investigator Richard Kelly from NASA's Gottat

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Space Flight Center in green Belt,
Maryland, says the spacecraft will also examine

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the aftermath of stellar explosions, and
it will examine these speed of light particle

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jets being launched from supermassive black holes
at the centers of galaxies. CHRISM will

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detect X rays with energies ranging from
four hundred to twelve thousand electron vaults.

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Now by comparison, the energy of
visible light is around two to three electron

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vaults. The electron vault range selected
by scientists will provide astro physicists with new

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information about some of the universe's hottest
regions, some of its largest structures,

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and objects with the strongest gravity.
The mission has two principal instruments, Resolve

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and EXTEND. Resolve as a microcalorometer
spectrometer, developed in collaboration between NASA and

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JACKSA. When an X ray photon
hits resolves six by six pixel detector,

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its energy will cause a slight increase
in temperature. By measuring each individual X

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rays energy, the instrument provides information
about its source, such as its composition,

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it's and its physical state. But
to detect these tiny temperature changes,

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Resolve needs to operate as just a
fraction of degree above absolute zero minus two

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hundred and seventy three point one five
degrees celsius. To get that cold,

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Resolves equipped with a multi stage mechanical
cooling processor mounted inside a refrigerator size container

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of liquid helium. Chrism's second instrument, Extend, is an image that developed

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by Jackson to give the spacecraft one
of the largest fields of view of any

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X ray imaging satellite ever flown.
It will be able to observe an area

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about sixty percent larger than the average
apparent size of the Moon, and the

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images that collects will complement the data
being collected by Resolve. Each instrument is

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mounted at the focus of its own
X ray mirror assembly, designed and developed

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by Godard. See The thing is, X ray wavelengths are so short they

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pass straight between the atoms of dis
shape mirrors used to capture visible, infrared,

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and ultraviolet light become these issues.
X ray astronomers use nested, curved

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mirrors turn on their sides. When
X ray photons hit these mirrors, they'll

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skip off the surfaces and into the
detectors, just like a stone skipping across

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the surface of a pond. Each
of chrism's two mirrors houses hundreds of concentric,

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precisely shaped aluminum shells, builting quadrants
and assembled into a circle. In

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all, there are over thirty two
hundred individual mirror segments in the two mirror

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assemblies. Also aboard the h to
A rocket for the launch was Jackson's Smart

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Lander for Investigating the Moon, or
SLIM Spacecraft. SLIM is designed to demonstrate

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new accurate pinpoint lunar landing techniques.
NASA provided the laser retroreflector array used by

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SLIM as. Both agencies cooperate in
international effort to further explore the Moon and

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ultimately human exploration of Mars. This
report from NASS TV SO X rays really

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shows us that's the universe is very
argentina. We find X rays in jets

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erupting from the centers of active galaxies. We use them to measure the spin

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of black holes or supernova explosions.
It takes a powerful event to produce cosmic

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X rays. Sometimes people also called
the hot universe because you know when you

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have this gas in galaxy clusters or
also around galaxies that you can see only

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in X rays. This gas is
about ten million to one hundred million of

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degrees, which is so hot.
That's this gas does not radiating in opticals,

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does not radiating in fright, but
it only radiate an X rays.

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To further understand these hottest regions,
we need the next generation X ray telescope.

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The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency or XA, is partnering with NASA and the

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European Space Agency to launch the next
generation X ray space telescope. The telescope,

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called CHRISM, weighs over five thousand
pounds, stands over thirty feet tall

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and will orbit approximately three hundred and
forty miles above Earth. We're familiar with

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the medical uses of X rays.
X ray light is energetic enough to pass

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through our skin. Our calcium dense
bones absorb that light, blocking it from

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reaching the detector and creating a shadow. Luckily for US, X rays from

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space don't make it through our atmosphere. But what that does mean is that

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we have to send X ray hunting
missions into orbit to detect this high energy

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light. CHRISM also needs special kinds
of mirrors, which are built at NASA's

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Goddard Space Flight Center. The type
of mirror is called a nested mirror.

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It looks like like a cross section
of the audience. X rays are so

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energetic they fly right through typical mirrors. For the visible light, we typically

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placed the mirror like for that light
just bounce back, but for the X

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rays this doesn't work, So that
we put the mirror like so that X

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rays just graze saurface of the shell. When they strike mirrors. At very

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shallow angles, X rays two can
bounce and then so we made it that

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like a corny call shell. Then
X ray can be directed. CHRISM has

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two instruments, each with their own
mirror assembly, one for imaging called Extend,

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the other for spectroscopy called Resolve.
Jack's a built Extend to provide chrism

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with a wide field of view.
It can observe an area about sixty percent

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larger than the average apparent size of
the full moon. NASA's Resolve instrument is

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a spectrometer that splits X ray light
like a prism so scientists can detect specific

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elements present in the sources they're studying. It uses a small six by six

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pixel detector called a micro calorimeter,
nestled in a refrigerator sized container of liquid

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helium. Resolve will measure the small
temperature changes caused when X rays hit one

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of those pixels. To track such
small temperature changes, resolves detectors must be

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kept extremely cold. That liquid helium
cryocooler will keep the instrument at point zero

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five degrees kelvin. It's so cold
it is a fraction of a degree above

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absolute zero. Heat is simply a
product of moving atoms. Keeping resolves detector

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that cold means that the atoms barely
move, so there's very little thermal noise

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in the system. It's what keeps
these accurate measurements possible. Each X ray

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detected will help scientists pursue many questions
about the hottest regions of the cosmos.

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What's happening in the extreme gravitational fields
around black holes? Can we discover what

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is inside a neutron star? How
did some of the universe's largest structures,

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like galaxy clusters evolve optical telescope you
will just see in galaxies everywhere if you

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if you look at this same cluster
of galaxies and X rays, you will

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see actually a lot of gas and
the gas it constitutes actually most of the

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matter the cluster of the galaxies,
which is something extreme important to understand because

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it means that most of the matter
in the universe is not in the form

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of planets or stars, but it's
really in the form and of these gas.

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So, but CHRISM really has this
capability of decomposing this extraelites in a

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way that's much much more accurate than
what has ever been done before. And

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in that report from Nassay TV,
we heard from NASSA Chrism mission lestro physicist

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Francis Maria at the Cashier Okajima this
space time still to come discovery of the

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local barry on a acoustic or oolation, and later in the Science report Australia

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on course for increasingly hot and dry
conditions. All that are more still the

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calm on space time. Astronomers have
discovered an immense bubble eight hundred twenty million

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light years from Earth that's believed to
be a fossil like remnant of the birth

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of the universe. The bubble is
thought to be the remains of a baryonic

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acoustic oscillation, a pressure wave of
fluctuation in the density of visible baryonic that

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is, normal matter caused by acoustic
density waves in the primordial plasma of the

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early universe. In the same way
that type one a supernova provide a standard

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candle for astronomical distance. Baryonic acoustic
oscillations are over dense cities of matter,

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such as galaxies and galaxy clusters,
and they're at set distances, just like

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standard candles or standard rulers at this
time on the scale of cosmology. The

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length of this standard ruler is given
by the maximum distance acoustic waves could travel

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in the primordial plasma before the plasma
cool to a point where it became neutral.

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Atoms that's the time of the epoch
of recombination, which stopped the expansion

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of the plasma density waves, freezing
them at a place. The length of

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this standard ruler is about four hundred
ninety million light years in today's universe,

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and it can be measured by looking
at the large scale structure of matter using

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astronomical surveys. Current Big Bang theory
tells us that during the first three hundred

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eighty thousand years of existence since the
universe came into being thirteen point eight billion

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years ago, it was a cauldron
of harkwark gluon plasma, and within this

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plasma, electrons were separated from atomic
nuclei. Now, during this period,

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regions with slightly higher densities began to
collapse under gravity, even as the intense

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bath of radiation was still attempting to
push matter apart. This struggle between gravity

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and radiation made the plasma oscillate or
ripple, and spread outwards. The very

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largest ripples in the other universe depend
on the distance a sound wave could travel,

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set by the speed of sound and
the plasma. This distance was the

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four hundred ninety million light years we
mentioned earlier, and it became fixed in

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place once the universe cooled and stopped
being a plasma, leaving vast three dimensional

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ripples in its wake. Then,
throughout the eons of the Universe's existence,

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galaxies and galaxy clusters formed at the
density peaks of these enormous bubble like structures.

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The remnants of this plasma, now
cooled down at just two point seven

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degrees above absolute zero, can still
be seen across the universe as the cosmic

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microwave background radiation. You probably know
it best as the faint white noise hiss

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you get between stations on old analog
radio and TV sets. The new structure,

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reported in the Astrophysical Journal, has
been named Holilana, a term drawn

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from an Hawaiian creation chant involving the
origins of structure. The studies lead author

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Brent Tully from the University of Hawaii
says he unexpectedly found the bubble while studying

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a web of galaxies. He says
his team weren't looking for it, but

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it was so huge that it's spilled
into the edges of the sector of the

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scar that they were analyzing, and
that piqued their interest as an enhancement in

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the density of galaxies. Turns out
this bubbles a much stronger feature than expected.

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The very large diameter of a billion
light years is beyond theoretical expectations.

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If its formation and evolution are in
accordance with theory, then this baryonic acoustic

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oscillation is closer than anticipated. That
implies a higher value for the expansion rate

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of the universe. Astronomer's low the
bubble using data from the Cosmic Flows For

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experiment, which is to date the
largest compilation of precise distances to galaxies.

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Tally Co published a catalog last year, and this may be the first time

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astronomers have identified an individual structure associated
with a baryonic acoustic oscillation. The discovery

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could help scientists bolster their knowledge on
the effects of galaxy evolution. The same

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team of researchers also identified the Lanier
Kya galaxy supercluster back in twenty fourteen.

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That structure, which includes their own
Milky Way galaxy on its outskirts, is

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small in comparison, stretching at a
diameter of about five hundred million light years.

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Laniar Key extends to the near edge
of this much larger bubble. Tully's

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team discovered that Ali Lana had already
been noted in the twenty sixteen research paper

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as the most prominent of several shell
like structures seen in the Sloan Digital All

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Sky survey. However, the earlier
work did not reveal the extent of the

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structure, and that team didn't conclude
that they had found was the baryonic acoustic

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oscillation. Using the Cosmic Flows full
catalog, the authors were able to see

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a full spherical shell of galaxies,
identify its center and show that there really

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is a statistical enhancement in the density
of galaxies in all directions from that center.

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Lellana encovers as many well known structures
previously found by astronomers, such as

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the Harvard Smithsonian Great Wall containing the
Coma cluster, the Hercules cluster, and

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the Slowing Great Wall, the Boeties
supercluster resides at its center. Computer simulations

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have demonstrated that the shell structure identified
as or Orlelana as less than a one

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percent probability of being a statistical accident. Alilana has all the properties of a

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theoretically anticipated baryonic acoustic oscillation, including
the prominence of a rich supercluster at its

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center. However, it does stand
out stronger than expect. Also, a

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Elana is slightly larger than anticipated based
on the theory of the Standard Model of

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cosmology, but the size isn't accord
with observations of the local expansion rate of

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the universe and of galaxy flows on
large scales. That also hinted subtle problems

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with the Standard Model. This space
time and Time that to take a brief

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look at some of the other stories
making us in science this week with the

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Science Report. A new study has
found a worrying change in the Indian Ocean

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surface temperatures, which are putting Southeast
Australia on course for what it expected to

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be increasingly hot and dry conditions.
The Indian Ocean dipole was found to be

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a major contributor to the severe drought
and record hot temperatures seen across Australia last

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year. The event, known as
a positive Indian Ocean dipole, cut off

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one of the major sources for Southern
Australia's winter and spring rains. It also

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set up the extremely hot and dry
conditions which promoted the Black Summer bush fires

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of twenty nineteen and twenty twenty.
The new research are reported in the journal

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Nature Reveals that these historically rare events
have become far more frequent and intense over

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the past century, and the situation
is expected to continue to worsen if greenhouse

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gas emissions continue to rise. To
reach their conclusions, scientists used coral records

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from the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean to
reconstruct Indian Ocean dipole variability over the last

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millennium with unprecedented precision, and the
authors found that historically strong events like last

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year were incredibly rare. In fact, since the year twelve forty, scientists

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could identify only ten of these extreme
events, but four of those ten took

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place in the last sixty years.
The research also showed that a persistent tight

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coupling has existed between the variability of
the Indian Ocean dipole and the Elnino southern

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oscillation in the Pacific Ocean during the
last millennium. While the Indian Ocean dipole

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and El Nino events can occur independently, periods of large year to year swings

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in the Indian oation variability also heightened
Elno's southern oscillation variability across in the Pacific.

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Scientists have shown how the Black Death
made the human immune system what it

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is today. Infectious diseases are one
of the strongest drivers of human evolution,

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and a pandemic can cause the genes
involved in immune responses to evolve rapidly.

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The study, reported in the journal
Nature, analyzed ancient DNA samples from five

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hundred and sixteen individuals, all of
whom died about the time of the Black

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Death in the fourteenth century. They
identified two hundred and forty five genetic variants.

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They are all very different when comparing
pre and post Black Death samples.

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The variance associated with protection from Black
Death bacterium overlap with genes associated with increased

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susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. The authors
say this highlights the contribution of a natural

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selection of present day susceptibility towards chronic
inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The Black Death

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is considered the deadliest plague to be
recorded in human history, causing the deaths

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of somewhere between seventy five million and
two hundred million people. The pestilence was

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a bubonic plague pandemic which infected western
Eurasia countries as well as northern Africa between

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thirteen forty six and thirteen fifty three. The Black Death is estimated to have

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killed between thirty and sixty percent of
the European population, as well as a

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third of the population of the Middle
East. It's caused by the bacterium Yeshinia

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pests, which is spread by fleas, but it can also take a secondary

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00:26:03.960 --> 00:26:07.200
form, or it's spread through a
person to person contact by aerosols, causing

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neneumonic plagues. The plague created religious, social, and economic upheavals with profound

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effects on the course of European history. The pandemics thought of originated either from

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Central or Eastern Asia, but its
first definitive appearance was in the Crimea in

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thirteen forty seven. From Crimea,
it was most likely carried by fleas living

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on black rats. These traveled on
Genoese trading ships, spreading throughout the Mediterranean

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Basin and reaching North Africa, Western
Asia, and the rest of Europe through

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Constantinople, Sicily and the Italian Peninsula. There's evidence that once it came ashore,

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black death quickly spread person to person
as inneumonic plague, and of course

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it wasn't just a single event.
There were further outbreaks throughout the later Middle

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Ages, even continuing right through to
the early nineteenth century. Sist of the

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00:27:00.440 --> 00:27:06.400
black death include fever, headaches,
painful aching joints, nausea with vomiting,

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a general feeling of malaise, and
the appearance of buboes in the groin,

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00:27:11.079 --> 00:27:15.680
neck, and armpits which use pass
and blood when opened. Left untreated,

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00:27:15.880 --> 00:27:23.200
eighty percent of those who contracted bubonic
plague would die within eight days. Siters

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00:27:23.240 --> 00:27:27.880
have found that baling whales around the
coast of California are estimated to ingest up

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00:27:27.920 --> 00:27:33.200
to ten million pieces of microplastics every
day. The findings were reported in the

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00:27:33.279 --> 00:27:40.680
journal Nature Communications. Combine microplastic data
from the California Current with high resolution foraging

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00:27:40.720 --> 00:27:45.119
behavior measurements from one hundred and ninety
one TAGG baling whales, including blue fin

292
00:27:45.319 --> 00:27:51.599
and humpback whales. They found that
baling whales mainly fit at depths of fifty

293
00:27:51.599 --> 00:27:55.839
to two hundred and fifty meters and
that just happens to be where most microplastics

294
00:27:55.839 --> 00:28:00.359
are found now. Based on their
measurements, the authors estimate that blue wales

295
00:28:00.440 --> 00:28:06.039
could consume up to ten million microplastic
pieces every day, while humpback whales will

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00:28:06.039 --> 00:28:11.519
still be consuming around four million pieces
daily. The findings suggests that baaliing whales

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00:28:11.599 --> 00:28:15.880
may consume the most plastic of any
organisms, and that microplastics could pose a

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00:28:15.960 --> 00:28:22.920
far greater risk to these whales than
previously thought. There's growing concern in the

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00:28:22.920 --> 00:28:30.680
international community about the honesty and trustworthiness
of the World Health Organization, the world's

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00:28:30.720 --> 00:28:36.680
most powerful health authority, recently celebrated
at seventy fifth birthday. The WHO was

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00:28:36.720 --> 00:28:41.160
originally set up by the United Nations
to fight global diseases and provide medical treatments

302
00:28:41.200 --> 00:28:47.319
to underdeveloped in Third world countries,
but according to the medical Fraternity, the

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00:28:47.559 --> 00:28:52.559
WHO appears to have lost its way. In recent years. It's been pushing

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00:28:52.720 --> 00:28:59.079
dangerous pseudo scientific treatments, including alternative
medicine practices such as nature apathy, traditional

305
00:28:59.160 --> 00:29:04.200
Chinese medicine, homeopathy, and a
uvetic treatments. The situation grew worse after

306
00:29:04.319 --> 00:29:10.359
t Dross, a former guerrilla in
Ethiopius socialist Tigray People's Liberation Front, became

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00:29:10.599 --> 00:29:15.519
WHO Director General with the backing of
the Chinese government. Then, in twenty

308
00:29:15.599 --> 00:29:21.079
seventeen, t Dross appointed Zimbabwe's asked
that socialist President Robert mcgabe to serve as

309
00:29:21.079 --> 00:29:26.119
a WHO goodwill Ambassador mcgabe, a
self described Marxist Leninist, had by this

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00:29:26.240 --> 00:29:30.599
stage been accused by the European Union, the Innited Nations Security Council, the

311
00:29:30.759 --> 00:29:37.240
Human Rights Watch and the Zimbabwe Council
of Churches of being a dictator and responsible

312
00:29:37.240 --> 00:29:41.160
for economic mismanagement and widespread corruption,
as well as human rights abuses, including

313
00:29:41.200 --> 00:29:47.200
anti white racism and crimes against humanity. It was also on the ted Dross

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00:29:47.240 --> 00:29:52.720
in twenty twenty that the WHO ignored
warnings from front line doctors about a fast

315
00:29:52.759 --> 00:29:57.319
spreading new pandemic in China, which
later became known as COVID nineteen. This

316
00:29:57.640 --> 00:30:03.039
failure to respond gave the deadly virus
the time it needed to quickly spread globally,

317
00:30:03.279 --> 00:30:07.880
killing an estimated eighteen million people so
far. To amend them from a

318
00:30:07.960 --> 00:30:12.319
strange skeptics says, now, instead
of focusing on the provision of medical care

319
00:30:12.319 --> 00:30:18.960
to those who need it, the
WHO is again promoting dangerous pseudo scientific treatments.

320
00:30:18.240 --> 00:30:22.480
In most cases, we's done a
great job. It's been so instrumental

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00:30:22.519 --> 00:30:26.440
in treating sort of diseases around the
world, especially in the world countries of

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00:30:26.480 --> 00:30:29.680
vaccimation and that sort of thing.
So it's a very important body, so

323
00:30:29.720 --> 00:30:33.200
to see it going in certain directions
is a worry. And over the last

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00:30:33.240 --> 00:30:36.359
decade or so there have been signs, and they've sort of started off with

325
00:30:36.440 --> 00:30:40.839
the promotion of traditional Chinese medicine,
saying that this is a valid part of

326
00:30:40.880 --> 00:30:44.160
medicine and should be regarded as part
of normal treatments, et cetera. So

327
00:30:44.160 --> 00:30:48.359
it's given the intromater of the who
there's so much in traditional Chinese medicine which

328
00:30:48.400 --> 00:30:52.640
is frankly which doctor stuff here is
it's just magical thinking pretending to be ancient

329
00:30:52.640 --> 00:30:56.680
medicine or something. But most of
it's just sort of something You take some

330
00:30:56.759 --> 00:30:59.240
of the stuff that's in there and
you develop it and l like you do

331
00:30:59.319 --> 00:31:02.440
with any sort of actual product,
and you find the actual working product.

332
00:31:02.480 --> 00:31:06.400
But most of traditional medicine is based
on very ready uncientific theories. Okay,

333
00:31:06.440 --> 00:31:08.720
that's one aspect. At the same
time, it's been pushing naturopathy, which

334
00:31:08.759 --> 00:31:12.680
is definitely magical thinking about the spirit
of the body helping you cure, et

335
00:31:12.759 --> 00:31:17.000
cetera, and that promotes the whole
range of pseudo sciences as well, and

336
00:31:17.279 --> 00:31:22.720
homeopathy. Will think the homeopathy is
jumps another way of saying it. It

337
00:31:22.759 --> 00:31:26.200
can't work, it doesn't work,
it shouldn't work, and it doesn't work.

338
00:31:26.240 --> 00:31:27.640
So I mean the WHO to be
pushing that. Now, there's a

339
00:31:27.640 --> 00:31:32.440
lot of conspiracy theories about it,
the reasons why the person who was running

340
00:31:32.599 --> 00:31:36.599
WHO for a while he was pushing
Chinese medicine, and other suggestions that China

341
00:31:36.680 --> 00:31:38.640
is a big thunder of the WHO, so they're trying to plaque eate a

342
00:31:40.119 --> 00:31:45.920
Chinese approach to medicine. We've certainly
seen Chinese involvement in administration of the WHO

343
00:31:45.000 --> 00:31:52.079
of lateran the WH refused to acknowledge
the problems of COVID nineteen until very late.

344
00:31:52.559 --> 00:31:56.440
It was one of its great feelings
and that was brought about by pressure

345
00:31:56.440 --> 00:31:59.720
by the Chinese government. Yeah so
yeah, we can probably say there's the

346
00:32:00.240 --> 00:32:02.599
pressure from the Chinese government on a
whole range of areas of medicine. I've

347
00:32:02.680 --> 00:32:07.119
spoken to a number of people in
Australia who are concerned about influence on research

348
00:32:07.160 --> 00:32:09.799
activities, funding and control and sort
of pushing certain areas before you're in for

349
00:32:09.880 --> 00:32:12.960
I had a Nobel Prize with her
who said that to me, it's a

350
00:32:12.960 --> 00:32:15.839
concern and the concern of where the
WHO is heading by trying to be a

351
00:32:15.880 --> 00:32:20.400
bit too inclusive. Now the reasons
for that was up to everybody to figure

352
00:32:20.400 --> 00:32:22.759
out, but certainly the very factor
of actually endorsing and saying that these things

353
00:32:22.799 --> 00:32:27.920
are valid when they're not, and
coming from such an august body is a

354
00:32:27.960 --> 00:32:30.559
real worry and it's an ongoing worrying. We have been sort of mentioning it

355
00:32:30.599 --> 00:32:35.519
ourselves, but so is the world
basically that is really concerned about this.

356
00:32:35.759 --> 00:32:57.079
That's temendum from Australian skeptics, and
that's the show for now. Space Time

357
00:32:57.200 --> 00:33:01.200
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