June 11, 2026
Planetary Destruction Unveiled: Evidence of a Lost World, SETI's Interstellar Quest...
Sponsor Link: This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of NordVPN...where your online security starts. To check out our special offer for SpaceTime listeners, visit https://www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 69...
Spotify Spotify 
Apple Podcasts Apple Podcasts 
Youtube Music Youtube Music 
iHeartRadio iHeartRadio 
Spreaker Spreaker 
PocketCasts PocketCasts 
Amazon Music Amazon Music 
YouTube YouTube 
Castbox Castbox 
Deezer Deezer 
TuneIn TuneIn 
Rumble Rumble 
Overcast Overcast 
Podcast Addict Podcast Addict 
Podchaser Podchaser 
JioSaavn JioSaavn 
Castro Castro 
RSS Feed RSS Feed Sponsor Link:
This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of NordVPN...where your online security starts. To check out our special offer for SpaceTime listeners, visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary
SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 69 *Evidence of planetary destruction in the early solar system Scientists have confirmed a cosmic collision in the early solar system which saw the complete destruction of a planet possibly as big as Mars. *Are we missing a planet A new study suggests that one of our planets might be missing, and it could explain why the solar system looks the way it does. *SETI investigates interstellar comet 3I Atlas The search for extraterrestrial intelligence SETI institute says it’s found no evidence of any alien technology associated with the interstellar comet 3I Atlas. *The Science Report Global average temperatures likely to continue at or near record levels over the next five years. A new study has discovered two distinct subtypes of autism with different underlying biology. Does reading stuff on paper help you better understand than reading it on a digital device. Alex on Tech Computex 2026.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of NordVPN...where your online security starts. To check out our special offer for SpaceTime listeners, visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary
SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 69 *Evidence of planetary destruction in the early solar system Scientists have confirmed a cosmic collision in the early solar system which saw the complete destruction of a planet possibly as big as Mars. *Are we missing a planet A new study suggests that one of our planets might be missing, and it could explain why the solar system looks the way it does. *SETI investigates interstellar comet 3I Atlas The search for extraterrestrial intelligence SETI institute says it’s found no evidence of any alien technology associated with the interstellar comet 3I Atlas. *The Science Report Global average temperatures likely to continue at or near record levels over the next five years. A new study has discovered two distinct subtypes of autism with different underlying biology. Does reading stuff on paper help you better understand than reading it on a digital device. Alex on Tech Computex 2026.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
The Astronomy, Space, Technology & Science News Podcast.
WEBVTT
1
00:00:00.280 --> 00:00:03.680
This is Spacetime Series twenty nine, episode sixty nine, for
2
00:00:03.839 --> 00:00:07.559
broadcast on the tenth of June twenty twenty six. Coming
3
00:00:07.639 --> 00:00:11.119
up on space Time, evidence of planetary destruction in the
4
00:00:11.160 --> 00:00:15.519
Early Solar System? Are we Missing a Planet? And SETI
5
00:00:15.679 --> 00:00:20.920
The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence investigates interstellar comet three eye outlets,
6
00:00:21.239 --> 00:00:24.480
All that and more. Coming up on space Time.
7
00:00:25.600 --> 00:00:31.440
Welcome to space Time with Stuart Gary.
8
00:00:44.960 --> 00:00:48.200
Scientists have confirmed a cosmic collision in the Early Solar
9
00:00:48.240 --> 00:00:51.520
System which saw the complete destruction of a planet, possibly
10
00:00:51.560 --> 00:00:55.079
as big as Mars. The findings reported in the journal
11
00:00:55.119 --> 00:00:58.759
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, based on an angrite meteawrite
12
00:00:58.759 --> 00:01:02.320
fragment uncovered in this desert, which was cataloged as Northwest
13
00:01:02.399 --> 00:01:06.519
Africa or NWA twelve seven seventy four. One of the
14
00:01:06.519 --> 00:01:10.079
studies authors, Aaron Bell from the University of Colorado, Boulder,
15
00:01:10.159 --> 00:01:13.280
says it's the first definitive evidence that this last planetary
16
00:01:13.319 --> 00:01:17.719
embryo or protoplanet existed, and its unique geological makeup challenges
17
00:01:17.799 --> 00:01:21.920
long held assumptions about how planets evolve. Bell says, we
18
00:01:22.120 --> 00:01:25.599
know this planet existed because a few shattered fragments from
19
00:01:25.599 --> 00:01:29.480
its remains happened to land on Earth, and these meteorites
20
00:01:29.560 --> 00:01:33.319
preserved evidence of a completely different pathway through which planets
21
00:01:33.319 --> 00:01:37.319
can develop. Angrites are among the oldest known volcanic rocks
22
00:01:37.319 --> 00:01:40.000
in the Solar System, forming within the first few million
23
00:01:40.079 --> 00:01:43.079
years after the Solar System began some four point five
24
00:01:43.239 --> 00:01:47.120
six billion years ago. They're also exceptionally rare. Out of
25
00:01:47.120 --> 00:01:49.920
the more than eighty thousand media rites discovered on Earth
26
00:01:50.000 --> 00:01:54.400
so far, only sixty eight they're angrites. What makes angrites
27
00:01:54.480 --> 00:01:58.439
especially puzzling is their chemistry. Unlike Earth, Mars, and the
28
00:01:58.480 --> 00:02:02.640
other terrestrial rocky planets, Agortes contained very little silicon dioxide
29
00:02:02.719 --> 00:02:05.319
or silica, which is the meaning ingreding in nearly every
30
00:02:05.400 --> 00:02:08.879
known terrestrial planet in the Solar System. For this reason,
31
00:02:08.960 --> 00:02:12.479
scientists figured agrites always come from asteroids, something with a
32
00:02:12.560 --> 00:02:16.000
radius of less than two hundred kilometers. When Billin colleagues
33
00:02:16.039 --> 00:02:19.840
began studying NWA twelve seven seventy four, they found the
34
00:02:19.879 --> 00:02:23.400
meteorite contained klinate peroxine, a mineral crystal commonly found in
35
00:02:23.479 --> 00:02:27.199
Earth's crust and mantle. But NWA twelve seven seventy fours
36
00:02:27.240 --> 00:02:31.080
clinate peroxine was especially rich in aluminum, a telltale sign
37
00:02:31.159 --> 00:02:34.719
that this rock must have formed under enormous pressure deep underground.
38
00:02:35.319 --> 00:02:37.800
So the authors then replicated the pressure conditions in the
39
00:02:37.879 --> 00:02:40.159
lab it determined what would be needed to form it.
40
00:02:40.719 --> 00:02:44.080
They found the aluminum rich clianate peroxine needed at least
41
00:02:44.159 --> 00:02:47.840
seventeen point five kiler bars of pressure. Now, for comparison,
42
00:02:47.919 --> 00:02:50.400
the crushing pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench,
43
00:02:50.520 --> 00:02:53.280
the deepest point on Earth, is only around one killer bar,
44
00:02:53.919 --> 00:02:56.960
so that level of pressure simply couldn't have existed inside
45
00:02:56.960 --> 00:03:01.400
a small asteroid. Instead, the calculation suggest that the body
46
00:03:01.400 --> 00:03:03.960
where the agarts came from must have been at least
47
00:03:04.039 --> 00:03:07.759
two thousand kilomets wide, and other clues in the meteorite
48
00:03:07.759 --> 00:03:11.599
point to an even more striking possibility. The crystals still
49
00:03:11.639 --> 00:03:15.080
preserved sharp edges and delicate chemical patterns that would normally
50
00:03:15.120 --> 00:03:18.479
been erased if they had formed deep underground, and that
51
00:03:18.599 --> 00:03:22.560
suggests that these crystals likely formed relatively shallow depths inside
52
00:03:22.560 --> 00:03:25.680
the parent body, and that implies that the word they
53
00:03:25.759 --> 00:03:29.159
formed on must have been even larger. Now, under that scenario,
54
00:03:29.319 --> 00:03:32.599
the angrape parent body must have stretched beyond three thousand,
55
00:03:32.680 --> 00:03:35.800
six hundred kilometres in diameter that makes it comparable in
56
00:03:35.919 --> 00:03:40.120
size to the Earth's Moon, possibly even approaching Mars size.
57
00:03:40.439 --> 00:03:44.319
It's still unclear how the protoplanet met its end. One
58
00:03:44.360 --> 00:03:47.520
possibility is a catastrophic event in the early Solar System
59
00:03:47.560 --> 00:03:50.840
which chattered it, its fragments later becoming the building blocks
60
00:03:50.840 --> 00:03:54.479
for other terrestrial worlds, including the Earth. Bill says the
61
00:03:54.560 --> 00:03:57.960
materials that form the angripe parent body are fundamentally different
62
00:03:58.000 --> 00:04:01.280
from the ingredients on Earth and Mars. He says it
63
00:04:01.319 --> 00:04:04.280
all points to a very distinct and separate evolutionary path
64
00:04:04.319 --> 00:04:07.960
implanetary formation during the early history of our Solar System.
65
00:04:08.800 --> 00:04:13.120
This space time still to come is our Solar system
66
00:04:13.159 --> 00:04:16.800
missing a planet and SETI. The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
67
00:04:17.000 --> 00:04:20.720
investigates the interstellar comet three eye outlass. All that and
68
00:04:20.800 --> 00:04:39.800
more still to calm on space time. A new study
69
00:04:39.839 --> 00:04:42.319
suggests that one of our planets may be missing, and
70
00:04:42.360 --> 00:04:45.120
it could explain why our Solar System looks the way
71
00:04:45.160 --> 00:04:48.480
it does. A report in the journal Icarus claims that
72
00:04:48.519 --> 00:04:52.399
this missing world might have triggered violent gravitational perturbations in
73
00:04:52.439 --> 00:04:55.160
the outer Solar System billions of years ago. They could
74
00:04:55.199 --> 00:04:57.959
have destroyed some of the moons orbiting around Jupiter and
75
00:04:58.079 --> 00:05:02.639
Urinus at the same time creating others. These calculations are
76
00:05:02.639 --> 00:05:05.519
all based on the Nie model of planetary migration, which
77
00:05:05.600 --> 00:05:09.399
was then refined with the Grand Tack hypothesis. In simple terms,
78
00:05:09.439 --> 00:05:12.120
it suggests that Jupiter and then Satin were the first
79
00:05:12.120 --> 00:05:15.079
planets to form and the protoplanetary disc evolving around are
80
00:05:15.120 --> 00:05:18.879
still nascent Sun some four point six billion years ago,
81
00:05:19.199 --> 00:05:21.759
and they formed a lot closer to the Sun than
82
00:05:21.800 --> 00:05:24.399
where they are today, possibly around what today is the
83
00:05:24.439 --> 00:05:26.959
snow line, which is where the asteroid built is today.
84
00:05:27.519 --> 00:05:30.959
The hypothesis suggests that as these gas giants grew, they
85
00:05:31.079 --> 00:05:34.639
initially began to migrate inwards, possibly to about twice its
86
00:05:34.680 --> 00:05:37.680
current orbital distance from the Sun, before reversing courts and
87
00:05:37.720 --> 00:05:41.680
moving out again, eventually ending up in their current orbits now.
88
00:05:41.759 --> 00:05:45.959
As Jupiter and Satin migrated inwards, kinetesimals and the protoplanetary
89
00:05:45.959 --> 00:05:49.079
disc were captured by Jupiter's resonance, causing the orbits of
90
00:05:49.120 --> 00:05:52.360
these tiny rocky bodies to shrink and the eccentricities to grow,
91
00:05:52.600 --> 00:05:56.079
resulting in a collisional cascade as their relative velocities became
92
00:05:56.160 --> 00:06:00.160
large enough to produce catastrophic impacts. As the density of
93
00:06:00.199 --> 00:06:03.439
these objects increased, it ultimately led to the formation of
94
00:06:03.519 --> 00:06:07.720
two major rocky planets, the Earth and Venus. The leftover
95
00:06:07.879 --> 00:06:11.480
material then formed the two smaller woods bordering them, Mercury
96
00:06:11.519 --> 00:06:15.600
and Mars. Meanwhile, as Jupiter and Satin continued their migration
97
00:06:15.759 --> 00:06:19.920
outwards towards their current orbits, their gravitational perturbations flung material
98
00:06:20.040 --> 00:06:22.759
back towards the Inner Solar System, the evidence for which
99
00:06:22.839 --> 00:06:25.399
is clearly seen in the many craters and places like
100
00:06:25.439 --> 00:06:29.519
the Moon and Mercury. But the gas giants migration outwards
101
00:06:29.560 --> 00:06:33.000
also caused more distant giant icy planets which were forming
102
00:06:33.000 --> 00:06:36.000
at the time to be pushed further away, with Neptune
103
00:06:36.040 --> 00:06:39.040
being flipped from inside to outside the orbit of Uranus
104
00:06:39.040 --> 00:06:42.720
and the process, and speculation has long suggested that there
105
00:06:42.720 --> 00:06:45.120
may have been a third ice giant which was either
106
00:06:45.199 --> 00:06:49.079
destroyed during the migration or thrown further out beyond Neptune,
107
00:06:49.240 --> 00:06:52.920
possibly becoming a road planet destined to float for eternity
108
00:06:53.079 --> 00:06:57.279
through the blackness of interstellar space. Now, according to this
109
00:06:57.319 --> 00:07:00.319
new study, the Outer Solar System experienced a period of
110
00:07:00.360 --> 00:07:03.920
extreme chaos known as the Nie model instability shortly after
111
00:07:03.959 --> 00:07:06.879
the planets formed between four billion and four point five
112
00:07:06.959 --> 00:07:10.519
billion years ago, and astronomers have long debated how the
113
00:07:10.560 --> 00:07:14.319
moons of these giants survived this violent period. To try
114
00:07:14.360 --> 00:07:17.680
and resolve that issue, scientists carried out computer simulations to
115
00:07:17.720 --> 00:07:21.279
try and model what actually happened. They analyzed one hundred
116
00:07:21.319 --> 00:07:25.000
and twenty two computer simulations using thousands of different parameters
117
00:07:25.120 --> 00:07:28.399
to track the complex gravitational interactions between the Sun and
118
00:07:28.439 --> 00:07:32.439
the various planets, moons, and large asteroids over billions of years,
119
00:07:32.600 --> 00:07:34.680
in order to see which models would evolve into the
120
00:07:34.720 --> 00:07:38.000
sort of solar system we see today now. The author's
121
00:07:38.079 --> 00:07:42.439
tested simulations included not just the four known giant planets Jupiter, Sat,
122
00:07:42.600 --> 00:07:46.000
urinosinep Tune, but also scenarios which included an additional one
123
00:07:46.079 --> 00:07:49.279
or two planets as speculated in the Nice model, and
124
00:07:49.319 --> 00:07:52.560
these simulations showed that the survival rates of moon systems
125
00:07:52.600 --> 00:07:55.519
of both Jupiter and Urinus was extremely low, as little
126
00:07:55.519 --> 00:07:59.399
as fifteen percent. When the additional planets move close to Uranus,
127
00:07:59.399 --> 00:08:03.199
the immense green potational perturbations almost guaranteed the distraction of
128
00:08:03.240 --> 00:08:06.759
its moons, but rather than being flung out into space,
129
00:08:06.879 --> 00:08:09.879
they collided with each other, creating a massive debris field
130
00:08:09.920 --> 00:08:13.279
of ice and rocks. Now, over time these remains had
131
00:08:13.319 --> 00:08:16.560
created together, and that could explain how Urinus is oddly
132
00:08:16.680 --> 00:08:20.759
jigsaw puzzle like Moon Miranda could have formed. The simulations
133
00:08:20.839 --> 00:08:24.319
also show how these collisions could explain how Urinus ended
134
00:08:24.399 --> 00:08:28.439
up being tilted on its side. It's a fascinating exercise
135
00:08:28.600 --> 00:08:31.040
and it goes a long way to explaining much about
136
00:08:31.120 --> 00:08:35.000
how our Solar system looks today. This is space Time.
137
00:08:35.759 --> 00:08:39.840
Still to come SETI the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence targets
138
00:08:39.840 --> 00:08:43.159
the interstellar comet three I Atlas couldn't have been an
139
00:08:43.159 --> 00:08:47.159
alien spacecraft, and later in the science report, does reading
140
00:08:47.279 --> 00:08:50.240
stuff on paper help you better understand it than reading
141
00:08:50.279 --> 00:08:53.120
it on a digital device. All that and more still
142
00:08:53.120 --> 00:08:58.440
to come on Space Time. This episode of space Time
143
00:08:58.559 --> 00:09:01.120
is brought to you by Nord VP in Space Times
144
00:09:01.120 --> 00:09:05.279
Official VPN service. Let's face it, these days, your online
145
00:09:05.320 --> 00:09:09.120
privacy is more important than ever. Whether you're streaming science documentaries,
146
00:09:09.279 --> 00:09:12.639
reading the latest research, or exploring deep space images. You
147
00:09:12.679 --> 00:09:15.720
don't want your data to be tracked or your location exposed.
148
00:09:16.480 --> 00:09:19.960
With NordVPN, one click is all it takes to secure
149
00:09:20.000 --> 00:09:24.279
your Internet connection. It encrypts your data, hires your IP address,
150
00:09:24.360 --> 00:09:27.679
and keeps your activity safe from prying eyes, whether you're
151
00:09:27.679 --> 00:09:30.240
at home, work, or connected to a public Wi Fi.
152
00:09:30.879 --> 00:09:33.679
And here's where it gets really good. As a spacetime listener,
153
00:09:33.759 --> 00:09:36.519
we have an exclusive offer for you seventy four percent
154
00:09:36.600 --> 00:09:39.919
off a NordVPN plant plus four extra months for free.
155
00:09:40.000 --> 00:09:42.919
That's right, a huge seventy four percent discount plus four
156
00:09:42.960 --> 00:09:46.200
bonus months just for being a spacetime listener. All you
157
00:09:46.279 --> 00:09:49.279
need do is head over to NordVPN dot com slash
158
00:09:49.320 --> 00:09:54.000
Stewart Gary. That's NordVPN dot com slash steward Gary. Not
159
00:09:54.080 --> 00:09:56.720
only does NordVPN protect your data, but it gives you
160
00:09:56.759 --> 00:09:59.440
access to content from right around the world. If you
161
00:09:59.480 --> 00:10:02.559
want to watch science series that's only available in another country,
162
00:10:02.639 --> 00:10:06.200
no problem, just switch your virtual location and unlock it instantly.
163
00:10:06.440 --> 00:10:08.919
And of course, the whole thing is risk free with
164
00:10:09.000 --> 00:10:12.399
a thirty day money back guarantee, so you've got nothing
165
00:10:12.440 --> 00:10:16.080
to lose and your online freedom to gain. So protect
166
00:10:16.080 --> 00:10:19.639
your digital life, support space time and grab our exclusive
167
00:10:19.679 --> 00:10:24.159
offer now at NordVPN dot com slash Stewart Garry. That's
168
00:10:24.200 --> 00:10:35.960
NordVPN dot com slash Stewart Gary. The Search for Extraterrestrial
169
00:10:36.039 --> 00:10:39.480
Intelligence City Institute says it's found no evidence of any
170
00:10:39.519 --> 00:10:44.559
alien technology associated with the interstellar Comet THREEI outlas, first
171
00:10:44.559 --> 00:10:47.639
detected back in July twenty twenty five. Comet three I
172
00:10:47.759 --> 00:10:51.759
outlass is the third confirmed interstellar object detected passing through
173
00:10:51.759 --> 00:10:55.120
our Solar System. Now astronomers know it came from beyond
174
00:10:55.159 --> 00:10:58.320
our Solar system because of its hyperbolic trajectory at its
175
00:10:58.399 --> 00:11:01.399
high velocity of more than fifty kilomtus per second as
176
00:11:01.440 --> 00:11:04.799
it entered the Solar system. Comet three I outlets follows
177
00:11:04.840 --> 00:11:08.279
the earlier detections of interstellar objects one IO Mau Maua
178
00:11:08.399 --> 00:11:11.320
that was in October twenty seventeen and two I Borissev
179
00:11:11.440 --> 00:11:15.639
in August twenty nineteen. Recent observations have shown that Comet
180
00:11:15.679 --> 00:11:18.720
three I atleas contains low trace amounts of heavy carbon
181
00:11:18.799 --> 00:11:21.080
and its coma, indicating it could be as much as
182
00:11:21.120 --> 00:11:24.279
ten to twelve billion years old. Now that's not only
183
00:11:24.360 --> 00:11:27.080
older than our Solar System, it's almost as old as
184
00:11:27.120 --> 00:11:30.960
our entire Milky Way galaxy. Also, three I outlets is
185
00:11:31.000 --> 00:11:34.600
carrying unique chemical signatures indicating its origin in a distant
186
00:11:34.639 --> 00:11:37.840
corner of the galaxy in an environment drastically colder than
187
00:11:37.879 --> 00:11:40.960
our own Solar system, likely in Earth thirty keelvin that's
188
00:11:41.000 --> 00:11:44.200
minus two hundred and forty three degrees celsius. It has
189
00:11:44.279 --> 00:11:47.080
a deterium to hydrogen ratio some forty times higher than
190
00:11:47.120 --> 00:11:50.679
an Atosians and thirty times higher than native Solar System commets.
191
00:11:51.200 --> 00:11:55.159
Astronomers have also detected methane gas readings alongside exceptionally high
192
00:11:55.159 --> 00:12:01.120
concentrations of both carbon dioxide and methanols entered our Solar
193
00:12:01.159 --> 00:12:04.519
System from the direction of the constellation Sagittarius towards the
194
00:12:04.519 --> 00:12:08.039
galactic center. It reached its closest approach of the Sun
195
00:12:08.200 --> 00:12:11.480
back in October last year, swooping around our local star
196
00:12:11.679 --> 00:12:14.720
between the orbits of Earth and Mars. The commet then
197
00:12:14.759 --> 00:12:17.559
made its closest approach to Earth on December the nineteenth
198
00:12:17.600 --> 00:12:20.320
at a distance of around two hundred and seventy million kilometers,
199
00:12:20.559 --> 00:12:22.759
and has just passed the orbit of Jupiter and is
200
00:12:22.799 --> 00:12:25.960
now flying through the constellation Gemini as it heads back
201
00:12:26.000 --> 00:12:30.399
out into interstellar space. Following speculation from all the usual
202
00:12:30.440 --> 00:12:33.360
suspects that through our atlas could be an alien spacecraft
203
00:12:33.399 --> 00:12:36.320
because of its unusual characteristics, all of which can be
204
00:12:36.360 --> 00:12:40.440
easily explained by its interstellar origins, the SETI Institute decided
205
00:12:40.440 --> 00:12:43.120
to undertake a detailed study of the object. As the
206
00:12:43.159 --> 00:12:44.919
Institute's Beth Johnson.
207
00:12:44.559 --> 00:12:48.720
Explains, scientists at the SETI Institute searched for technological signals
208
00:12:48.720 --> 00:12:52.200
from three I Outlasts, the third interstellar object observed in
209
00:12:52.240 --> 00:12:56.759
our solar system, using the Allen Telescope Array ATA at
210
00:12:56.759 --> 00:12:59.679
the Hat Creek Radio Observatory in northern California. The team
211
00:12:59.720 --> 00:13:02.639
scale and a wide range of radio frequencies for signs
212
00:13:02.679 --> 00:13:06.720
of extraterrestrial technology and found none. As expected based on
213
00:13:06.840 --> 00:13:11.440
other astronomical observations, showing that the object exhibits natural comet
214
00:13:11.600 --> 00:13:15.759
like composition and behavior. Its interstellar origin makes three Eye
215
00:13:15.759 --> 00:13:19.200
Atlas a rare opportunity to study material from another stellar
216
00:13:19.240 --> 00:13:23.240
system and better understand how planetary systems form and evolve.
217
00:13:23.879 --> 00:13:27.240
While observations strongly indicate that three Eye Atlas is a
218
00:13:27.320 --> 00:13:31.480
natural object, interstellar visitors are also compelling techno signature targets
219
00:13:31.480 --> 00:13:36.879
because an artificial object, however unlikely, could represent detectable extraterrestrial
220
00:13:36.919 --> 00:13:42.000
technology and potentially provide the first evidence of life beyond Earth. Eventually,
221
00:13:42.039 --> 00:13:45.360
our own voyage or spacecraft will be extraterrestrial artifacts in
222
00:13:45.440 --> 00:13:48.600
other stellar systems. Given that, it is important that we
223
00:13:48.679 --> 00:13:51.799
understand the natural distribution of interstellar objects so that we
224
00:13:51.840 --> 00:13:54.600
will be able to identify any anomalies that could one
225
00:13:54.679 --> 00:13:58.279
day be signs of an artificial interstellar object. The team
226
00:13:58.360 --> 00:14:00.759
observed three eye atlasts for more than seven hours, with
227
00:14:00.799 --> 00:14:05.159
the ATA covering one to nine gigahertz. This broad range
228
00:14:05.200 --> 00:14:08.399
allows scientists to search for narrow band radio signals, which
229
00:14:08.399 --> 00:14:11.840
are not produced in nature and would be evidence of technology.
230
00:14:12.559 --> 00:14:16.120
The team identified nearly seventy four million narrow band signals.
231
00:14:16.360 --> 00:14:19.840
After removing human interference and filtering for signals matching three
232
00:14:19.919 --> 00:14:23.480
eye Atlice's movement, only about two hundred remained for review.
233
00:14:23.960 --> 00:14:26.600
All traced back to technology on the surface of the
234
00:14:26.600 --> 00:14:30.919
Earth or our own Earth orbiting satellites. While no technosignatures
235
00:14:30.960 --> 00:14:34.279
were found, the study sets new constraints, reinforcing that three
236
00:14:34.360 --> 00:14:38.360
I Alice is a natural object. The observations place upper
237
00:14:38.399 --> 00:14:41.159
limits on the power of any radio transmitter on or
238
00:14:41.240 --> 00:14:44.679
near three atlas, ruling out signals stronger than about ten
239
00:14:44.720 --> 00:14:47.480
to one hundred and ten watts. Approximately the power of
240
00:14:47.480 --> 00:14:51.519
the household appliance over the detected frequencies. The results from
241
00:14:51.559 --> 00:14:54.279
three I atlice show how realistic it is to detect
242
00:14:54.320 --> 00:14:57.039
a signal with the technology we have today. That is
1
00:00:00.280 --> 00:00:03.680
2
00:00:03.839 --> 00:00:07.559
3
00:00:07.639 --> 00:00:11.119
4
00:00:11.160 --> 00:00:15.519
5
00:00:15.679 --> 00:00:20.920
6
00:00:21.239 --> 00:00:24.480
7
00:00:25.600 --> 00:00:31.440
8
00:00:44.960 --> 00:00:48.200
9
00:00:48.240 --> 00:00:51.520
10
00:00:51.560 --> 00:00:55.079
11
00:00:55.119 --> 00:00:58.759
12
00:00:58.759 --> 00:01:02.320
13
00:01:02.399 --> 00:01:06.519
14
00:01:06.519 --> 00:01:10.079
15
00:01:10.159 --> 00:01:13.280
16
00:01:13.319 --> 00:01:17.719
17
00:01:17.799 --> 00:01:21.920
18
00:01:22.120 --> 00:01:25.599
19
00:01:25.599 --> 00:01:29.480
20
00:01:29.560 --> 00:01:33.319
21
00:01:33.319 --> 00:01:37.319
22
00:01:37.319 --> 00:01:40.000
23
00:01:40.079 --> 00:01:43.079
24
00:01:43.239 --> 00:01:47.120
25
00:01:47.120 --> 00:01:49.920
26
00:01:50.000 --> 00:01:54.400
27
00:01:54.480 --> 00:01:58.439
28
00:01:58.480 --> 00:02:02.640
29
00:02:02.719 --> 00:02:05.319
30
00:02:05.400 --> 00:02:08.879
31
00:02:08.960 --> 00:02:12.479
32
00:02:12.560 --> 00:02:16.000
33
00:02:16.039 --> 00:02:19.840
34
00:02:19.879 --> 00:02:23.400
35
00:02:23.479 --> 00:02:27.199
36
00:02:27.240 --> 00:02:31.080
37
00:02:31.159 --> 00:02:34.719
38
00:02:35.319 --> 00:02:37.800
39
00:02:37.879 --> 00:02:40.159
40
00:02:40.719 --> 00:02:44.080
41
00:02:44.159 --> 00:02:47.840
42
00:02:47.919 --> 00:02:50.400
43
00:02:50.520 --> 00:02:53.280
44
00:02:53.919 --> 00:02:56.960
45
00:02:56.960 --> 00:03:01.400
46
00:03:01.400 --> 00:03:03.960
47
00:03:04.039 --> 00:03:07.759
48
00:03:07.759 --> 00:03:11.599
49
00:03:11.639 --> 00:03:15.080
50
00:03:15.120 --> 00:03:18.479
51
00:03:18.599 --> 00:03:22.560
52
00:03:22.560 --> 00:03:25.680
53
00:03:25.759 --> 00:03:29.159
54
00:03:29.319 --> 00:03:32.599
55
00:03:32.680 --> 00:03:35.800
56
00:03:35.919 --> 00:03:40.120
57
00:03:40.439 --> 00:03:44.319
58
00:03:44.360 --> 00:03:47.520
59
00:03:47.560 --> 00:03:50.840
60
00:03:50.840 --> 00:03:54.479
61
00:03:54.560 --> 00:03:57.960
62
00:03:58.000 --> 00:04:01.280
63
00:04:01.319 --> 00:04:04.280
64
00:04:04.319 --> 00:04:07.960
65
00:04:08.800 --> 00:04:13.120
66
00:04:13.159 --> 00:04:16.800
67
00:04:17.000 --> 00:04:20.720
68
00:04:20.800 --> 00:04:39.800
69
00:04:39.839 --> 00:04:42.319
70
00:04:42.360 --> 00:04:45.120
71
00:04:45.160 --> 00:04:48.480
72
00:04:48.519 --> 00:04:52.399
73
00:04:52.439 --> 00:04:55.160
74
00:04:55.199 --> 00:04:57.959
75
00:04:58.079 --> 00:05:02.639
76
00:05:02.639 --> 00:05:05.519
77
00:05:05.600 --> 00:05:09.399
78
00:05:09.439 --> 00:05:12.120
79
00:05:12.120 --> 00:05:15.079
80
00:05:15.120 --> 00:05:18.879
81
00:05:19.199 --> 00:05:21.759
82
00:05:21.800 --> 00:05:24.399
83
00:05:24.439 --> 00:05:26.959
84
00:05:27.519 --> 00:05:30.959
85
00:05:31.079 --> 00:05:34.639
86
00:05:34.680 --> 00:05:37.680
87
00:05:37.720 --> 00:05:41.680
88
00:05:41.759 --> 00:05:45.959
89
00:05:45.959 --> 00:05:49.079
90
00:05:49.120 --> 00:05:52.360
91
00:05:52.600 --> 00:05:56.079
92
00:05:56.160 --> 00:06:00.160
93
00:06:00.199 --> 00:06:03.439
94
00:06:03.519 --> 00:06:07.720
95
00:06:07.879 --> 00:06:11.480
96
00:06:11.519 --> 00:06:15.600
97
00:06:15.759 --> 00:06:19.920
98
00:06:20.040 --> 00:06:22.759
99
00:06:22.839 --> 00:06:25.399
100
00:06:25.439 --> 00:06:29.519
101
00:06:29.560 --> 00:06:33.000
102
00:06:33.000 --> 00:06:36.000
103
00:06:36.040 --> 00:06:39.040
104
00:06:39.040 --> 00:06:42.720
105
00:06:42.720 --> 00:06:45.120
106
00:06:45.199 --> 00:06:49.079
107
00:06:49.240 --> 00:06:52.920
108
00:06:53.079 --> 00:06:57.279
109
00:06:57.319 --> 00:07:00.319
110
00:07:00.360 --> 00:07:03.920
111
00:07:03.959 --> 00:07:06.879
112
00:07:06.959 --> 00:07:10.519
113
00:07:10.560 --> 00:07:14.319
114
00:07:14.360 --> 00:07:17.680
115
00:07:17.720 --> 00:07:21.279
116
00:07:21.319 --> 00:07:25.000
117
00:07:25.120 --> 00:07:28.399
118
00:07:28.439 --> 00:07:32.439
119
00:07:32.600 --> 00:07:34.680
120
00:07:34.720 --> 00:07:38.000
121
00:07:38.079 --> 00:07:42.439
122
00:07:42.600 --> 00:07:46.000
123
00:07:46.079 --> 00:07:49.279
124
00:07:49.319 --> 00:07:52.560
125
00:07:52.600 --> 00:07:55.519
126
00:07:55.519 --> 00:07:59.399
127
00:07:59.399 --> 00:08:03.199
128
00:08:03.240 --> 00:08:06.759
129
00:08:06.879 --> 00:08:09.879
130
00:08:09.920 --> 00:08:13.279
131
00:08:13.319 --> 00:08:16.560
132
00:08:16.680 --> 00:08:20.759
133
00:08:20.839 --> 00:08:24.319
134
00:08:24.399 --> 00:08:28.439
135
00:08:28.600 --> 00:08:31.040
136
00:08:31.120 --> 00:08:35.000
137
00:08:35.759 --> 00:08:39.840
138
00:08:39.840 --> 00:08:43.159
139
00:08:43.159 --> 00:08:47.159
140
00:08:47.279 --> 00:08:50.240
141
00:08:50.279 --> 00:08:53.120
142
00:08:53.120 --> 00:08:58.440
143
00:08:58.559 --> 00:09:01.120
144
00:09:01.120 --> 00:09:05.279
145
00:09:05.320 --> 00:09:09.120
146
00:09:09.279 --> 00:09:12.639
147
00:09:12.679 --> 00:09:15.720
148
00:09:16.480 --> 00:09:19.960
149
00:09:20.000 --> 00:09:24.279
150
00:09:24.360 --> 00:09:27.679
151
00:09:27.679 --> 00:09:30.240
152
00:09:30.879 --> 00:09:33.679
153
00:09:33.759 --> 00:09:36.519
154
00:09:36.600 --> 00:09:39.919
155
00:09:40.000 --> 00:09:42.919
156
00:09:42.960 --> 00:09:46.200
157
00:09:46.279 --> 00:09:49.279
158
00:09:49.320 --> 00:09:54.000
159
00:09:54.080 --> 00:09:56.720
160
00:09:56.759 --> 00:09:59.440
161
00:09:59.480 --> 00:10:02.559
162
00:10:02.639 --> 00:10:06.200
163
00:10:06.440 --> 00:10:08.919
164
00:10:09.000 --> 00:10:12.399
165
00:10:12.440 --> 00:10:16.080
166
00:10:16.080 --> 00:10:19.639
167
00:10:19.679 --> 00:10:24.159
168
00:10:24.200 --> 00:10:35.960
169
00:10:36.039 --> 00:10:39.480
170
00:10:39.519 --> 00:10:44.559
171
00:10:44.559 --> 00:10:47.639
172
00:10:47.759 --> 00:10:51.759
173
00:10:51.759 --> 00:10:55.120
174
00:10:55.159 --> 00:10:58.320
175
00:10:58.399 --> 00:11:01.399
176
00:11:01.440 --> 00:11:04.799
177
00:11:04.840 --> 00:11:08.279
178
00:11:08.399 --> 00:11:11.320
179
00:11:11.440 --> 00:11:15.639
180
00:11:15.679 --> 00:11:18.720
181
00:11:18.799 --> 00:11:21.080
182
00:11:21.120 --> 00:11:24.279
183
00:11:24.360 --> 00:11:27.080
184
00:11:27.120 --> 00:11:30.960
185
00:11:31.000 --> 00:11:34.600
186
00:11:34.639 --> 00:11:37.840
187
00:11:37.879 --> 00:11:40.960
188
00:11:41.000 --> 00:11:44.200
189
00:11:44.279 --> 00:11:47.080
190
00:11:47.120 --> 00:11:50.679
191
00:11:51.200 --> 00:11:55.159
192
00:11:55.159 --> 00:12:01.120
193
00:12:01.159 --> 00:12:04.519
194
00:12:04.519 --> 00:12:08.039
195
00:12:08.200 --> 00:12:11.480
196
00:12:11.679 --> 00:12:14.720
197
00:12:14.759 --> 00:12:17.559
198
00:12:17.600 --> 00:12:20.320
199
00:12:20.559 --> 00:12:22.759
200
00:12:22.799 --> 00:12:25.960
201
00:12:26.000 --> 00:12:30.399
202
00:12:30.440 --> 00:12:33.360
203
00:12:33.399 --> 00:12:36.320
204
00:12:36.360 --> 00:12:40.440
205
00:12:40.440 --> 00:12:43.120
206
00:12:43.159 --> 00:12:44.919
207
00:12:44.559 --> 00:12:48.720
208
00:12:48.720 --> 00:12:52.200
209
00:12:52.240 --> 00:12:56.759
210
00:12:56.759 --> 00:12:59.679
211
00:12:59.720 --> 00:13:02.639
212
00:13:02.679 --> 00:13:06.720
213
00:13:06.840 --> 00:13:11.440
214
00:13:11.600 --> 00:13:15.759
215
00:13:15.759 --> 00:13:19.200
216
00:13:19.240 --> 00:13:23.240
217
00:13:23.879 --> 00:13:27.240
218
00:13:27.320 --> 00:13:31.480
219
00:13:31.480 --> 00:13:36.879
220
00:13:36.919 --> 00:13:42.000
221
00:13:42.039 --> 00:13:45.360
222
00:13:45.440 --> 00:13:48.600
223
00:13:48.679 --> 00:13:51.799
224
00:13:51.840 --> 00:13:54.600
225
00:13:54.679 --> 00:13:58.279
226
00:13:58.360 --> 00:14:00.759
227
00:14:00.799 --> 00:14:05.159
228
00:14:05.200 --> 00:14:08.399
229
00:14:08.399 --> 00:14:11.840
230
00:14:12.559 --> 00:14:16.120
231
00:14:16.360 --> 00:14:19.840
232
00:14:19.919 --> 00:14:23.480
233
00:14:23.960 --> 00:14:26.600
234
00:14:26.600 --> 00:14:30.919
235
00:14:30.960 --> 00:14:34.279
236
00:14:34.360 --> 00:14:38.360
237
00:14:38.399 --> 00:14:41.159
238
00:14:41.240 --> 00:14:44.679
239
00:14:44.720 --> 00:14:47.480
240
00:14:47.480 --> 00:14:51.519
241
00:14:51.559 --> 00:14:54.279
242
00:14:54.320 --> 00:14:57.039