June 12, 2026
Cosmic Tug-of-War: The Small Magellanic Cloud's Demise, Lunar Base Blueprint
Sponsor Link: This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by NordVPN, where your online security starts. To check out our special offer for SpaceTime listeners, visit https://www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 70 *The Small...
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SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 70 *The Small Magellanic Cloud is being ripped apart A new study reveals that the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, is slowly being torn apart by gravitational forces from the Large Magellanic Cloud. Researchers have utilised over a decade of observations to uncover the galaxy's dynamic state, challenging previous models of coherent rotation. *Blueprint for a lunar base NASA's plans for a lunar base at the Moon's South Pole are sparking innovative proposals for construction using local lunar materials. The Texas A&M Space Institute is leading research into using lunar regolith, a challenging construction material, to develop habitats for future lunar missions. *Meteor rocks New England A recent meteor explosion over New England has been confirmed as a sonic boom from a meteor entering the Earth's atmosphere, sending shockwaves across Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The meteor, travelling at 121,000 kilometres per hour, likely fragmented before falling into the North Atlantic Ocean. *The Science Robert Increased wildfire risks are predicted across parts of Australia, while a study reveals that Iceman Otzi's microbiome remains active even after 5,300 years. Additionally, video technology may allow for heart rate monitoring through facial recognition.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by NordVPN, where your online security starts. To check out our special offer for SpaceTime listeners, visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary
SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 70 *The Small Magellanic Cloud is being ripped apart A new study reveals that the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, is slowly being torn apart by gravitational forces from the Large Magellanic Cloud. Researchers have utilised over a decade of observations to uncover the galaxy's dynamic state, challenging previous models of coherent rotation. *Blueprint for a lunar base NASA's plans for a lunar base at the Moon's South Pole are sparking innovative proposals for construction using local lunar materials. The Texas A&M Space Institute is leading research into using lunar regolith, a challenging construction material, to develop habitats for future lunar missions. *Meteor rocks New England A recent meteor explosion over New England has been confirmed as a sonic boom from a meteor entering the Earth's atmosphere, sending shockwaves across Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The meteor, travelling at 121,000 kilometres per hour, likely fragmented before falling into the North Atlantic Ocean. *The Science Robert Increased wildfire risks are predicted across parts of Australia, while a study reveals that Iceman Otzi's microbiome remains active even after 5,300 years. Additionally, video technology may allow for heart rate monitoring through facial recognition.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
The Astronomy, Space, Technology & Science News Podcast.
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This is Spacetime Series twenty nine, Episode seventy, for broadcast
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on the twurth of June twenty twenty six. Coming up
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on space Time, A small Magellanic Cloud being ripped apart,
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a blueprint for building a base on the Moon, and
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a meteor rocks New England. All that and more coming
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up on space Time.
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Welcome to space Time with Stuart Gary.
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A new study is confirmed that the Small Magellanic Cloud,
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a satellite galaxy orbiting our own Milky Way Galaxy, is
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being slowly ripped apart. The findings, reported in the journal
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Astronomy in Astrophysics showed that the dwarf galaxy is being
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torn apart by the immense gravitational title forces being exerted
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on it by its neighboring companion Gale. See the Large
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Magellanic Cloud. Astronomers used more than a decade of observations
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from the Vista Survey of the Magellanic Clouds to measure
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the motion of millions of stars across the Small Magellanic
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Cloud with unprecedented precision. Rather than showing coherent rotation typical
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of stable galaxies, stars across the Small Magellanic Cloud show
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large scale outward motion, indicating the system is dynamically disturbed
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even in the inner regions. The results a large scale
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title expansion throughout the galaxy, and they challenge the long
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standing assumption that the small Magellanic cloud behaves like a
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rotating disk. The study shows that the internal motions of
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the stars in the small Machelinic cloud are dominated not
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by orderly rotation, but by gravitational disturbances caused by repeated
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encounters with the large Magellanic cloud over billions of years.
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The small Magellanic cloud it's one of the Milky Way's
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closes scalectic neighbors. Okay, they're just two hundred thousand light
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years away. Together with a large Magellanic cloud, it forms
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a pair of interaction acting satellite galaxies visible from the
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Southern Hemisphere. Because of their proximity, the Matylenic clouds provide
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astronomers with a unique opportunity to study how galaxies evolve
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under the influence of gravity. Over time, interactions between the
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two galaxies have distorted their shapes. That's triggered bursts of
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star formation and pulled streams of gas and stars into
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intergalactic space. In fact, there's now a constant flow of
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gas and stars between the two galaxies, even extending to
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our own galaxy, showing that the Milky Way is also
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playing a role. The motions of stars preserve a record
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of these interactions. By tracking how stars move across the sky,
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known as proper motion, astronomers can reconstruct the dynamical history
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of the galaxy. The studies lead author, Maria Rosacierni from
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the Leibniz Institute Rastra Physics in Potsdam, says the new
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data release extends the observational time baseline for the study
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to eleven years, enabling much more precise measurements of stellar
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motions and earlier observations. By combining observations that have now
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been taken over a base timeline of more than a decade,
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astronomers have been able to map the internal kindematics of
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the small machele Ani Cloud with a threefold improvement in
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proper motion precision compared to previous measurements. The resulting motion
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maps reveal that stars across the small machel Any cloud
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are moving outwards along a southeast and northwest axis, a
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signature consistent with tidal stretching caused by the gravitational pull
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of the large magile Ani cloud. In fact, the authors
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found that the stars in the small machell Ainic cloud
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are moving outwards at an average speed of about seventeen
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kilometres per second. At this rate, the stars can be
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displaced by several thousand light years over a few hundred
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million years, enough to significantly distort the galaxy structure. Remarkably,
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this expansion wasn't visible only in the galaxy's outskirts, but
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also deep within its central regions. If Vaccianian colleagues found
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no evidence of coherent rotation motion once tidal effects were
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properly accounted for. Instead, the observed still emotions are predominantly radial,
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indicating that the small Magellinic cloud is in a strongly
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disturbed dynamical state. The finding suggests they're commonly used to
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rotating disc models oversimplify the true complexity of the galaxy's
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internal dynamics. According to the study, such models can mistakenly
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interpret tidal streaming motions as rotation. The study also uncovered
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a distinct northward stellar motions seen only among the older
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red giant stars in the galaxy, and this feature may
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preserve the imprint of an interaction that occurred more than
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two billion years ago. Younger and intermediate age stars respond
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differently to the tidal forces, showing stronger and more coherent
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outward motions. This population dependent behavior indicates that the small
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magillinic cloud stellar populations are retaining memory of the different
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stages of the galaxy's interaction history. This is space time
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still to come, a blueprint for building a base on
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the Moon and a meteor rocks Americas, New England. All
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that and more still to come on space time, that is,
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Confirmation of establishing a base on the lunar South Pole
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over the next few years has triggered a flurry of
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proposals looking at how to build it. While the initial
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habitat modules will be built here on Earth and then
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transported to the Moon, longer term plans call for the
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use of local lunar materials which are already there, in
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other words, the Moon's rocks and soil. But the sol
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blanketing the Moon isn't actually soil. It's a fine, lethal,
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abrasive talcum like powder of shattered rocks and jagged glass,
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sharp enough to shred gaskets, chew through seals, and hang
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in the airless environment lasted by unfiltered radiation. And temperature
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swings that can warp steel. Scientists call it lunar regolith.
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To engineers and space scientists, lunar regolith is one of
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the most hostile construction materials in the human story. Working
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out how to use it to build a habitat for
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humans to live in has been occupying the minds of
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engineers and scientists for years, and now with NASA's announcement
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of a lunar base, crunch time is approaching. A facility
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developed by Texas A and M University next to NASAs
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Johnson's Space Center in Houston will be one of the
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hubs of research simulating the brutal realities of extraterrestrial construction,
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ushering in a new generation of robotics, autonomous systems, and
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space rovers. Included in the complex are two special testing areas,
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one replicating the surface of the Moon, the other Mars
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and which, when combined with virtual reality, will be used
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for research and testing. Doctor Robert Ambrose from Texas A
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and M says the facility will allow researchers to develop
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mixed reality situations where humans and machines work together as
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partners rather than simple remote control tools. He says future
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lunar construction sites may look like scenes from science fiction movies,
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with rovers hauling regular across the Moon's surface, robotic arms
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printing walls layer by layer, and engineers back on Earth
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overseeing operations through virtual reality headsets. The universitys Doctor Patrick's
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Sermon says construction options on the Moon will be dependent
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on semi autonomous robotic systems. The retired Air Force lieutenant
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colonel was deployed to isolated regions from the deserts of
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Afghanistan that the frozen Arctic of Greenland in order to
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build sustainable infrastructure and bases to support military operations in
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remote areas. Sermons says significant research will focus on how
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humans machines can work together in environments where humans can't
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safely do everything themselves. He says there's no natural shielding
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from radiation. Temperatures swing violently between lunar night and day,
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dust can permeate equipment, and even simple repairs will become
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high risk operations. This report from the Texas AMMS Space Institute.
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Y Ury five a good quote to it. It's almost
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like a powder looks like you're about on the bottom step.
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I'm a fireball for where it's in human nature to
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be explored. But it's even become more than that because
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the first time in a long time, we are seriously
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leaving lower.
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Thorbit ignition sequence start three two one zero lunch come
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in liptop.
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We have and M has a storied legacy in space.
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Long before I came to Texas, A and M we've
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had faculty doing research in space related topics for decades.
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In fact, the latest search shows about three hundred faculty
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at Texas and who are doing space related research.
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And a M is the only one that I know
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of that employs four former astronauts on their campus. And
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so really I think a set legacy of being a
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land grant, CE grant, space grant institution, which again is
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very unique, and it's not about the few people like
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myself that have the privilege of actually going on a
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space mission. It's the tens of thousands, one hundreds of
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thousands of people that it takes to make those missions
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happen and make it a reality, to produce the systems,
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to engineer the systems of tomorrow.
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All the challenges that we face livying on Earth are
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extremely amplified trying to live on the Lennar surface you know,
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being able to find water is going to be very important,
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and the communication and power and energy, all of our.
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Tough challenges for the future are multidisciplinary. And so what
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the Space Institute can do and what I can do
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personally is drawing expertise from our Health Science Center, drawing
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expertise from Agrilife, drawing expertise from our College of Arts
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and Sciences, our program of visualization, and clearly from an
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engineering college that is, you know, second to nine in
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terms of size. That's what personally drew me here. And
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now what I'm able to leverage the Texas A and
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M Space Institute, and I know that it's going to
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be a marvelous, marvelous facility that's going to have a
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moonscape and a capability for us to be able.
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To have rovers, are, astronauts, everything working together in one place.
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And so when we get that very large facility that's
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going to be right outside of the gates here and
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we can have our astronauts go over, our engineers, our
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scientists and work with students and with others from industry
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in one place. It is going to be magnificent.
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This new facility is going to be the world's largest
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indoor moonscape two and a half acres of Moon, and
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that'll lock in the next generation of work in the
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civilian space sector. And while we're at it, we went
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ahead through in two and a half acre marscape too,
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so that locks in the next generation after that. So
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Texas is going to be at the forefront of the
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next two generations a space exploration because of this investment in.
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A multitude of garages will be private industry of all sizes.
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Some of the very well known companies that are out
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there developing space suits, developing rovers, some of the small
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startup companies in the next garage, perhaps US Space Force
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working on some of their projects in the next garage.
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Some of the NASA Johnson Space Center research is going
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on in the next garage, academic research to include students,
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and so everybody's working in this very collaborative environment, leverage,
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doing these very unique scape environments that are inside and
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so all of this and this roughly four hundred thousand
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square foot facility we're going to be able to offer
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to the State of Texas, whether they be industry, military, government,
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or academic. When they called me in roughly about a
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year ago and describe this vision for the text A
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and M Space Institute and the incredible funding supported by
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the state for a physical facility co located at the
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Johnson Space Center. How can you say no to that?
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I was super excited. Never did I envision that my
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two kind of careers would intersect like this. Personally, it's
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very rewarded.
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Space obviously today touches almost every part of our economy, agriculture, transportation, medicine, shipping.
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A construction now uses space and it goes right. You
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don't even know that space is an important part of
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your life, but if it were to stop working, you
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notice it really quickly. And now think about the future.
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With the investments and the faculty and the students and
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the infrastructure that we've got, A and M is going
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to be the number one space university in the world.
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And in that report from Texas A and M, we
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heard from Space Institute Director doctor Nancy carry Gregg, the
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Space Institute's lead profession of Mechanical Engineering Rob Ambrose, and
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NASA Johnson Spaceset of Director Vanessa Whitch this is space
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time still to come. A media rocks in New England
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and later in the science report, iceman Utsi's microbiome still
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showing signs of activity even though he's been dead for
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more than five three hundred years. All that and more
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still to come of space Time. This episode of space
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That's NordVPN dot com slash stewart Gary. New Illin residents
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have reported a large explosion, sending emergency services scrambling try
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and understand what caused the event, which took buildings across
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Massachusetts and Rhode Island. It turns out the explosion was
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the double sonic boom of a meteor about a meter
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