A New Perspective on Mars / Phaethon / Mercury | S26E146

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This is Spacetime Series twenty six,
Episode one hundred and forty six, for

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broadcast on the sixth of December twenty
twenty three. Coming up on space Time,

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a new perspective on Mars, determining
the composition of the rock comet,

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faith on and unveiling salt glaciers on
the planet Mercury. All that and more

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coming up on Spacetime Welcome to space
Time with Stuart Gary. Mission managers have

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maneuvered NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft to provide
a new panoramic horizontal view of the red

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planet. The reorientation was carried out
to help celebrate Odyssey's twenty second year in

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orbit around Mars. The spacecraft captured
a series of stunning images showcasing the curving

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Martian landscape below gauzy layers of clouds
and dust. When stitched together end to

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end, the ten images offered not
only a fresh and stunning view of Mars,

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but also one that will help scientists
gain new insights into the Martian atmosphere.

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The spacecraft took the images back in
May from an altitude of around four

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hundred kilometers that's about the same altitude
the International Space Station flies above the Earth.

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Jonathan Hill from Arizona State University,
who was the operation's lead for Odissey's

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Thermal Emission Imaging System camera, says
no mass spacecraft had ever before taken this

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kind of view. If there were
astronauts in orbit above Mars, this is

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the perspective they would see. The
reason why the view so uncommon is because

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of the challenges involved in creating it. Engineers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in

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Passing Into California, which manages the
mission, together with scientists from Lockheed Martin

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Space which built the Odissey spacecraft,
and the mission managers, spent three months

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planning the observation. See The infrared
camera normally look straight down, and its

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sensitivity to warmth allows it to map
ice, rocks, sand, and dust

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along with temperature changes on the planet's
surface. You can also measure how much

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water, ice, or dust is
in the atmosphere, but only in a

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narrow column directly below the spacecraft.
That's because the camera is fixed in place

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on the orbit, usually pointing straight
down. But to get this new perspective

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meant a more expansive view of the
atmosphere, seeing where those layers of water,

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ice, clouds, and star in
relation to each other. Whether there's

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just one layer or several stacked on
top of each other, we'll all help

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scientists improve their models of the Martian
atmosphere. Think of it as viewing a

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cross section, a slice through the
atmosphere. It lets you see a lot

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of detail as you can see from
above, but because the camera can't pivot,

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adjusting the angle of the camera requires
adjusting the position of the whole spacecraft.

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In this case, mission managers needed
to rotate the orbit around ninety degrees

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well at the same time. May
make you sure the sun would still shine

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on the spacecraft's solar panels, but
not shine on sensitive equipment which could overheat.

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The easiest orientation to achieve all this
turned out to be one where the

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orbitis antenna is pointed away from the
Earth. That meant the team would be

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out of communications with Odyssey for several
hours until the operation was complete. Likely,

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the whole thing was a big success, and the Odyssey mission hopes to

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take similar images in the future,
capturing the Martian atmosphere across multiple seasons.

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To make the most of their efforts, the mission also captured imagery of the

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Martian moon Phobos the seventh time the
orbit's image of the Moon in order to

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measure temperature variations across its surface,
but the new viewpoint meant they received a

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different viewing angle and lighting conditions of
Phobos compared to previous images and all that

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makes this a unique part of the
FERBOS data set. The new imagery provides

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insights in the composition and physical properties
of the Moon. Further studies could help

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settle a debate over whether FERBOS,
which measures about twenty five kilometes across,

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a captured asteroid from the nearby main
asteroid built or an ancient chunk of the

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Martian surface that was blasted off into
space by an asteroid impact. It's worth

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noting that NASA is participating with Jackson, the Japanese Eraspace Exploration Agency, in

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a sample return mission to Phobos and
at Syster Moon demos known as the Mars

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Moon Explorer or MMX. Consequently,
Odyssey's phobosymmetry will be helpful to scientists working

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on both Odyssey as well as MMX. This report from NASA TV Imagine you

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are an astronaut in the International Space
Station, but instead of being in orbit

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around Earth, you are in orbit
around Mars. I work for NASA's Mars

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Odyssey orbiter, and we just took
a bunch of new images that show exactly

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how the planet Mars would look from
that exact same perspective if you were an

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astronaut. The first thing that would
catch your eye or beautiful craters, which

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of course look much different than what
you would see on Earth. But the

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second thing you would see, because
you're looking at the planet from an angle,

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is the structure in the clouds.
And because Mars Odyssey has a heat

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vision camera, it can actually tell
the difference between different kinds of clouds on

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Mars. We have co two ice
clouds, we have water ice clouds,

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and we have dust clouds. In
order to get these images, we had

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to do something with the spacecraft that
we've never done before. Usually, our

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camera faces straight down for mapping.
In the past, we've experimented with rolling

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the spacecraft out so that we can
catch pictures of some of Mars's moons,

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like Phobos, a potato shaped,
beautiful moon that you might have heard of.

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But this time we had to do
something a little more extreme. We

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had to rotate the spacecraft all the
way to the horizon. Then we had

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to keep it that way for an
entire orbit. Odyssey has been going strong

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for twenty two years. We have
ignition and lift off carrying NASA on an

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Odyssey back to Mars. That makes
it the longest lasting spacecraft that has ever

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been sent to visit Mars. So
what's next for Odyssey. Well, next

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year we're going to hit one hundred
thousand orbits around Mars. We also have

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several ongoing science campaigns. One is
a rock mapping campaign that will help US

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land future missions more safely on the
surface. You're also taking advantage of our

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special dawn dusk orbit to map clouds, fog and frost that only exists at

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certain times a day. And we
are also planning our next maneuver to look

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out at the clouds on the horizon
again. And in that report from mess

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TV we heard from Mars Odyssey Deputy
project scientist Laura Kerber from JPL, this

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is space time still to come determining
the composition of the rock comet Phaton and

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unveiling salty glaciers on the planet Mercury. All that and more still to come

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on space time. The so called
rock comet Phaton has always been a puzzle

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for astronomers. The five kilometer wide
space rock, which generates this month's annual

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gem in its meteor shower, has
puzzled astronomers for decades with its asteroid like

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appearance and comet like orbit and tail. Now new infrared spectra of rare meteorites

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has helped side just determine the composition
of the asteroid or is that comet.

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Paton displays its comet like tail for
a few days when it's orbit brings it

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close to the Sun. However,
the tails of comets are usually formed by

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vaporizing ice and carbon dioxide. Paton's
tail, however, is based on rocks

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and also cometary like tails usually start
to appear as comets pass inside the orbital

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distance of Jupiter from the Sun.
When the surface layer of a comet breaks

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up, that attached gravel and dust
continues to travel in the same direction as

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the comet, causing small fragments often
caught shooting stars as they encounter the earth

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at sphere and break up. Until
now, theories about what happens on Paton's

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surface near the Sun have remained purely
hypothetical. What's actually coming off this asteroid

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or comet, and how to answer
this riddle, scientists had to first understand

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the composition of Paton. So now
scientists from the University of Helsinki have reanalyzed

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the infrared spectra of Phaton measured by
NASA Spitzer Space telescope, and they've compared

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that the infrared spectra of a number
of meteorites measured in laboratories. The authors

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found that Theaton's spectrum corresponds exactly to
a certain type of metiorite known as the

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cy carbonaceous chondrite. This is a
very rare type of meteorite. In fact,

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only six specimens are known, asteroids
Ryugu and Bernu. The targets of

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recent JACKSA and NASA sample return missions
belong to CI and CM meteorites. All

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three types of meteorites, CICM,
and CY originate from the birth of the

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Solar System and partially resemble each other, but only the C Y group shows

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signs of drying and thermal decomposition due
to recent heating. All three types also

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show signs of change that occurred during
the early evolution of the Solar System,

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where water combines with other molecules to
form philar, silicate and other carbonaceous minerals.

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However, C Y type meteorites differ
from the others due to their high

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iron sulfide content, which suggests a
very different origin. Analysis of Paton's infrared

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spectrum show that the asteroid, or
is that comet, was composed of at

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least olivine, carbonates, iron sulfides, and oxide minerals. All of these

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minerals support the connection with cy meteorites, especially iron sulfide. The carbonates suggests

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changes in water content that fit the
primitive composition, while the olivine is a

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product of thermal decomposition of filar silicates
at extreme temperatures. Using thermal modeling,

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the findings reported in the General Nature
Astronomy were also able to show what temperatu

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prevailed on the surface of the asteroid
and when certain minerals broke down and released

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gases. When Paton passes close to
the Sun, its surface temperature rises to

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about eight hundred degrees celsius. The
C. Y meteorite group fits this well.

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At similar temperatures, carbonates produce carbon
dioxide, philosilicates release water vapor and

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sulfide sulfur gas, So all the
minerals identified on Phaton appear to be composed

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of the same minerals found in cy
type meteorites. The only exceptions were the

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oxides portland tite and brucite, which
were not detected in the meteorites. However,

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these minerals can form when carbonates are
heated and destroid in the presence of

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water vapor. The composition in temperature
explains the formation of a gaseous tail near

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the Sun. The authors then used
experimental data from other studies conjunction with their

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own. Thermal models show that when
the asteroid passes closest to the Sun,

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gas is released from the mineral structure
of the asteroid. This can cause the

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rocks to break down. In addition, the pressure produced by the carbon dioxide

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and water vapor is high enough to
lift small dust particles from the surface of

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the asteroid. Sodium emissions can explain
the weak tail observed near the Sun,

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and thermal decomposition can explain how dust
and gravel are released from Faton. But

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should we be thinking of it as
an asteroid or a comet or are they

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really the same thing? Depending on
how I see they are this space time

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still to come. Unveiling salt glaciers
on the planet Mercury, and later in

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the Science report, a new study
shows that heat trapping greenhouse gases have reached

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a new planetary record. All that
and more still to come on space time,

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scientists have uncovered evidence of potential salt
glaciers on the planet Mercury. The

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discovery, reported in the Planetary Science
Journal, opens a new frontieran astrobiology by

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revealing a volatile environment that might echo
habitability conditions found on Earth in extreme locations.

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The new findings complement other recent research
sharing that Pluto has nitrogen glaciers,

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implying that the glaciation phenomenon extends from
the hottest to the coldest environments in our

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solar system. The studies lead author, Alexis Rodriguez from the Planetary Science Institute,

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says these locations are of pivotal importance
because they identify volatile rich exposures throughout

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the vastness of multiple planetary landscapes.
These Mercurean glaciers, and yes that's how

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you say it, distinct from Earth's
originate from deeply buried volatile rich layers exposed

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by ancient asteroid impacts. Models suggest
that saltflow likely produced these glaciers, and

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that after their emplacement they retained volatiles
for well over a billion years. Specific

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salt compounds on Earth create habitable niches, even in some of the harshest environments

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where they occur, such as the
arid Attikhama Desert and Chile. This line

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of thinking leads at least to the
possibility of subsurface areas on Mercury there might

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be more hospitable than its harsh surface. Rodriguez says these areas could potentially act

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as depth dependent Golilock zones, analogous
to the region around a star. With

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the existence of liquid water on a
planet's surface might enable the existence of life

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as we know it, but in
this case, a focus instead is on

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the right depth blow the planet's surface, rather than the right distance from a

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host star. The groundbreaking discovery of
mercureing glaciers extends sciences understanding of the types

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of environments that could sustain life,
adding a vital new dimension to astrobiology and

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the potential habitability of Mercury Like exoplanets, The discovery challenges long held views of

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Mercury as primarily devoid volatiles. The
glaciers on Mercury are marked by complex configuration

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of hollows that form young, widespread
sublimation pits. These hollows exhibit depths that

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account for a significant portion of the
overall glacier thickness, indicating a volatile rich

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composition. The hollows are conspicuously absent
from surrounding crater floors and walls. A

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central mystery surrounding Mercury revolves around the
genesis of its glaciers and chaotic terrains.

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Scientists use the new model, which
integrates the new observational data, to examine

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the Borealis chaos located in Mercury's northern
polar region. It's an area characterized by

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intricate patterns of disintegration significant enough to
have obliterated entire populations of craters, some

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dating back four billion years. Beneath
this collapsed layer lies in even more ancient

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created paleo's surface, previously identified through
gravity studies. Rodriguez says the juxtaposition of

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the fragmented upper crust now forming chaotic
terrain over the gravity revealed ancient surface suggests

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that the volatile rich layers were emplaced
atop and all already solidified landscape. The

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new findings challenged prevailing theories on volatile
rich layer formation that traditionally centered on mantel

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differentiation processes, were minerals separate into
different layers within the planet's interior based on

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density. Instead, the evidence suggests
a grand scale structure, possibly stemming from

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the collapse of a fleeting hot primordial
atmosphere early in Mercury's history. This atmosphere

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collapse, if it happened, might
have occurred during the extended night time periods

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of the planet when its surface wasn't
exposed to the Sun's direct intense heat.

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Underwater deposition could have significantly contributed to
the emplacement of a salt dominated mercurean volatile

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rich layer, making a significant departure
from previous theories about the planet's early geological

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history. In this scenario, water
released through volcanic degassing may have temporarily created

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pools or shallow seas of liquid or
supercritical water like a dense, highly salty

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stream, allowing salt deposits to settle
subsequent wrap, but loss of water into

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space and trapping of water in hydrated
minerals in the crust would have left behind

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a salt and clay mineral dominated layer, which then progressively builds up inter thick

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deposits this space time and time.
Now for another brief look at some of

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the other stories making news in science
this week with the Science Report. A

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new report by the word Meteorological Organization
has found that the abundance of heat trapping

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greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere has
now reached a new record high, and

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there's no end in sight to the
rising trend. The data shows that global

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average concentrations of carbon dioxide, the
most important greenhouse gas, were a full

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fifty percent above pre industrial levels for
the first time. On the other hand,

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the rate of growth of CO two
concentrations was slightly lower than the previous

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year and the average for the past
decade, but this was most likely due

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to natural short term variations in the
carbon cycle and that new emissions as a

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result of industrial activities continue to increase. In fact, the last time the

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Earth experienced a comparable concentration of CO
two was three to five million years ago.

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The temperature was two to three degrees
celsius warmer, and sea levels were

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ten to twenty meters higher than now. And it's not just carb dioxide.

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Methane concentrations also grew, and levels
of nitrous oxide, the third main greenhouse

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gas, saw its highest year and
year increase on record from twenty twenty one

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to twenty twenty two. The World
Meteorological Organization says China remains the world's biggest

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carbon dioxide polluter, reducing almost a
full third of the global output, amounting

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to more than ten point one million
tons annually. That's almost double that of

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the United States, which is the
second worst polluter, and four times that

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of India, which WHI hold's third
place. They're followed by Russia, Japan,

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Iran, Germany, Saudi Arabia,
Indonesia, and South Korea in tenth

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place. Next comes Canada, Brazil, Turkey, South Africa, and Mexico,

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with Australia in sixteenth place, followed
by the United Kingdom, Italy,

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Poland and Vietnam rounding off the top
twenty. A small study which sequenced the

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entire DNA of seventy seven children with
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD and their families

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in the United States found variations in
a single gene may account for a significant

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proportion of the genetics underlying condition.
ADHD is usually thought of as a disorder

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that involves modible genes. However,
researcher reported in the Journal of the American

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Medical Association has found that fifty two
percent of the ADHD cases they looked at

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were explained by one off or inherited
variations in a single gene. The studies

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authors say the results are similar to
those seen in people on the autism spectrum.

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Researchers have highlighted the potential dangers and
risks artificial intelligence poses for the spread

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of misinformation and disinformation by deliberately mass
producing more than one hundred blog articles full

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of disinformation on vaccines and vaping in
just over an hour using open AI's GPT

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playground. The blogs include fake patient
and clinical testimonies and faked scientific looking references.

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They're also able to create twenty realistic
images that go with the stories in

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less than two minutes. They also
tried using Google's bar the Microsoft's being Chat

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using the same prompts, but this
failed. A report in the Journal of

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the American Medical Association once at the
alarming ease with which publicly available tools could

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be used for the mass generation of
misleading health content. The authors are urging

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for the immediate need for protective measures. Now, speaking of artificial intelligence,

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Peker has launched its new AI video
generator editing, app raising questions about how

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close we now getting the idea of
a singularity when artificial intelligence becomes self conscious.

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With the details, we're joined by
technology editor Alex Saharov Rud from Take

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Advice, Start Live. There's a
fifty four second demo video that I'll have

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at my site which starts off with
illomus as a three D animation, and

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it just goes on to show this
incredible series of videos. Is this like

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a deep fake sort of? I
mean, what you do here is that

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you simply type text and then a
video is created based on how descriptive your

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text input is. And so the
ability to create high quality videos as easily

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00:20:33.359 --> 00:20:37.160
as creating the prompt for anything else
that you would ask for an open AI

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style chat GPT is here. You'll
be able to create your own TV show

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00:20:41.720 --> 00:20:47.119
or movies even though you don't have
any art, directional videography or by any

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00:20:47.160 --> 00:20:49.279
sort of experience. And obviously if
you're somebody starting off, you'll have to

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00:20:49.359 --> 00:20:52.200
make all the mistakes and learn on
the go. The company I only started

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00:20:52.200 --> 00:20:56.680
six months ago and they just have
announced fifty five million US dollars in funding

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that when you watch the video to
come to my webs advice on Life and

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00:21:00.880 --> 00:21:03.839
look for the article click on the
fifty four second video, it's like,

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wow, this is this is next
generation stuff. It's like chat GBT for

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00:21:07.960 --> 00:21:10.400
video. That's the easiest way of
explaining it. And the other big news

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this week if Amazon have released a
new AI. Yes now, this was

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introduced at their Reinvent conference in Las
Vegas, and they've got something called Q.

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00:21:18.720 --> 00:21:21.720
Now. This is a chatbot for
business. So it's not meant to

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00:21:21.759 --> 00:21:25.720
be something that is going to compete
with chat gibt or make your Alexa into

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a chat Gibt clane, or at
least not yet. And they said that

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it's designed to interact, to generate
content, to understand specific business needs.

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And it's got more than seventeen years
of AWS, Amazon Web Services, the

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00:21:36.680 --> 00:21:38.960
cloud service knowledge, and so you
know. They said that it will integrate

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with various apps like Slack or Gmail, and it'll be about twenty bucks per

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user per year US dollars. And
so this is an enterprise AI. Now.

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We've seen BMC software, we've seen
aer technology, we've seen Google and

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Microsoft, all the big companies are
trying to introduce generative AI. In fact,

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open ai says that eighty percent of
Fortune five hundred companies back August have

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taken on board chat gibut in some
way in their businesses. So this whole

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business of AI transforming the way that
people do work, write reports, get

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insights in medicine. It's finding new
types of cancer, Druggs. AI is

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able to decipher uneiform tablets with writing
that nobody could ever understand, and yet

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the AI can sort of have a
look do with computations and spit out what

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the text should be in English.
And so AI is really helping us to

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leap frog, and every big company, Amazon included wants to be on that

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bandwagon. Well, spend a year
now since chat gbt's been out. November

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00:22:33.119 --> 00:22:36.799
thirty, twenty twenty two, was
when chat gbt launched its beta and Sam

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00:22:36.839 --> 00:22:38.880
Altman, who of course was sacked
and is now back, and the open

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ai blog now has a blog post
that is welcoming him back, And in

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00:22:42.000 --> 00:22:45.519
fact he wrote most of the blog
posts, but he just tweeted that a

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year ago tonight, we were probably
just sitting around the office putting the finishing

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00:22:48.119 --> 00:22:52.839
touches on chat GPT before the next
morning's launch. What a year it's been,

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00:22:52.880 --> 00:22:55.400
And of course what a year it
has been, gone from chat GBT

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three point five to chat GBT four. It's going from one hundred and seventy

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00:22:57.960 --> 00:23:02.480
five billion parameters to over a trillion, and now to have chat gibt for

279
00:23:02.720 --> 00:23:06.359
turbot, and of course we're hearing
about chat GIBT five and no doubt even

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00:23:06.680 --> 00:23:08.480
more advanced versions are on the way. And of course there's always the concern

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that Sam Altman was sacked because AI
has been able to sort of come to

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00:23:12.440 --> 00:23:15.279
some sort of consciousness. So look, it's been a year and it's just

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00:23:15.319 --> 00:23:18.640
the beginning. The best, all
the worst, depending on your point of

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00:23:18.720 --> 00:23:22.000
view, is still yet to come. You've said AI may have come to

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00:23:22.039 --> 00:23:25.240
consciousness. Tell me more. There
was talk that in the past three or

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00:23:25.279 --> 00:23:27.279
four weeks Sam Altman was in the
room. He said he was in the

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00:23:27.359 --> 00:23:33.400
room when have been some major developments
justolving in the American math capability. So

288
00:23:33.559 --> 00:23:37.039
AI wasn't it. That's right.
But the thing is that according to everything

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00:23:37.039 --> 00:23:41.000
that I've read and AI getting mathematical
equations correct, there's only one possible answer

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00:23:41.119 --> 00:23:45.480
so they say to a mathematical equation, whereas you can be writing things in

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00:23:45.519 --> 00:23:48.000
many different ways to get an acceptable
result. So this was supposed to be

292
00:23:48.200 --> 00:23:52.039
and people are hinting that it's some
sort of sign that AI has become a

293
00:23:52.039 --> 00:23:56.400
lot more intelligent and is approaching awareness
or has achieved awareness, and the board

294
00:23:56.519 --> 00:24:00.519
was unhappy with the communications of getting
from Now how much of that is true,

295
00:24:00.559 --> 00:24:03.920
how much of that is conjecture,
how much of that is rumor?

296
00:24:03.079 --> 00:24:07.119
Nobody really knows it. I mean
Sam Altman knows, and the restless stuff.

297
00:24:07.920 --> 00:24:11.960
If we're talking about consciousness for AI's
that is the most historic thing that's

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00:24:11.960 --> 00:24:14.960
happened in humanity. Well, it's
the creation. I mean, we keep

299
00:24:15.000 --> 00:24:18.519
looking for alien life and in this
case it will turn out that we are

300
00:24:18.559 --> 00:24:21.079
the ones who created it, you
know, another life form. So yes,

301
00:24:21.119 --> 00:24:23.039
in the absence of aliens, and
even though there's plenty of news about

302
00:24:23.119 --> 00:24:26.319
UFOs and some people are calling them
that a distraction based on all the crazy

303
00:24:26.359 --> 00:24:30.319
things happening in the world right now, But in the absence of any aliens,

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00:24:30.519 --> 00:24:33.400
it's up to humans to create the
new forms of life and book some

305
00:24:33.440 --> 00:24:37.839
people still say that AI conscious.
AI is decades away, at the very

306
00:24:37.920 --> 00:24:41.559
least years away. So we don't
really know if conscious AI has arrived yet.

307
00:24:41.559 --> 00:24:44.599
But you know, for many people, if you were to have a

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00:24:44.680 --> 00:24:48.319
chat with chat jippyt today and you
didn't know that this was, you couldn't

309
00:24:48.319 --> 00:24:52.759
tell already. It's really it's very
difficult to tell. And I mean AI

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00:24:52.799 --> 00:24:55.480
gives itself away by saying, well, as a large language model was,

311
00:24:55.640 --> 00:24:59.400
it sort of tells you that it
is not conscious. But I remember reading

312
00:24:59.440 --> 00:25:03.279
about how before chat GBT was launched, there were some earlier versions of the

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00:25:03.400 --> 00:25:06.880
GPT model, I think GPT three, which was before the three point five

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00:25:06.920 --> 00:25:10.440
that launched chat GBT into the zeitgeist
as we know it today, and they

315
00:25:10.480 --> 00:25:14.759
were using this to answer questions on
Reddit, and so people were reading AI

316
00:25:14.839 --> 00:25:18.039
generated responses and only a few people
reportedly tweaked. Many people had no idea

317
00:25:18.079 --> 00:25:22.519
that these were AI generated responses.
Obviously a lot of people were doing a

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00:25:22.519 --> 00:25:26.680
lot of testing and a lot of
experimenting with AI before the last year where

319
00:25:26.680 --> 00:25:30.920
it has really entered the human imagination. And let's not forget that about eighteen

320
00:25:30.920 --> 00:25:34.680
months ago there was the big concern
that Google had one of his researchers claiming

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00:25:34.839 --> 00:25:40.519
that Google's AI, its barred predecessor, was sentient and if you read the

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00:25:40.720 --> 00:25:44.119
chat transcripts, which you can still
find online today, I mean, it

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00:25:44.160 --> 00:25:48.920
does look as though the Google researcher
was talking to a conscious being. I

324
00:25:48.920 --> 00:25:51.319
mean some people say, oh,
no, well, that's its program to

325
00:25:51.359 --> 00:25:53.440
speak like that. That's what you
have programmed the AI to do. But

326
00:25:53.559 --> 00:25:56.559
again, if you weren't told that
this was an aisystem, you've thought it

327
00:25:56.599 --> 00:26:00.400
was a child, or feel that
it was a person, it would be

328
00:26:00.599 --> 00:26:03.640
forgiven for thinking that was a living
being. Yet it was a very fancy

329
00:26:03.640 --> 00:26:07.480
computer program according to Google. Not
just Google, but Facebook has theirs as

330
00:26:07.519 --> 00:26:11.920
well. Well, everyone's got some
flavor of AI. I mean, we

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00:26:11.000 --> 00:26:15.559
know that Qualcom, who make the
chips that go into Samsung and other Android

332
00:26:15.559 --> 00:26:18.119
smartphones. There's Snapdragon eight Gen three
chip that will be in lots of different

333
00:26:18.440 --> 00:26:22.359
Android flagship phones from next year.
Is powerful enough to run a large language

334
00:26:22.400 --> 00:26:26.799
model, a chatgivity brain on chip
on the device, so you won't have

335
00:26:26.880 --> 00:26:32.200
to speak to a cloud service or
AMD has launched a bunch of chips with

336
00:26:32.359 --> 00:26:34.519
AI built in, and there's more
that are coming next month that they'll be

337
00:26:34.559 --> 00:26:41.359
talking about. Apple hasn't officially spoken
the words AI as such, but it

338
00:26:41.559 --> 00:26:45.359
is reported to be spending millions of
dollars a day, like over a billion

339
00:26:45.400 --> 00:26:48.839
dollars to catch up. An iOS
eighteen, coming in late twenty twenty four,

340
00:26:48.960 --> 00:26:52.079
is meant to be full of AI
and it's meant to be delivering a

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00:26:52.240 --> 00:26:56.079
generative AI Chatgibety style experience as well. That's Alek Tahara Royd from Tech Advice,

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00:26:56.160 --> 00:27:17.319
Start Live, and that's the show
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343
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