March 30, 2026
Map of Habsburg Netherlands, 1543
From Jonathan Israel, The Dutch Republic: The Rise, Greatness, and Fall 1477-1806
Alba's March to the Netherlands, 1567
Map courtesy of William Maltby, Alba: A Biography of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo
Map of the Iconoclastic Fury in the Low Countries, 1566
Map courtesy of Geoffrey Parker, The Dutch Revolt (revised edition), Penguin Books, 1985
