Jan. 13, 2026

16th Century House of Habsburg

16th Century House of Habsburg

 

Maximilian                                                        Philip the Handsome

 

 

Margaret of Austria                                            Charles V

 

 

Philip II of Spain                                                   Emperor Ferdinand I

Alba's March to the Netherlands, 1567

Map courtesy of William Maltby, Alba: A Biography of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo

Map of the Iconoclastic Fury in the Low Countries, 1566

Map courtesy of Geoffrey Parker, The Dutch Revolt (revised edition), Penguin Books, 1985