March 11, 2025

Salem Witch Trials: The Theatrical Accuser

Salem Witch Trials: The Theatrical Accuser

We consider the theatrical accuser

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We consider the theatrical accuser

WEBVTT

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Looking at our world from a theological perspective. This is

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the Theology Central podcast, making Theology Central. Ladies and gentlemen,

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boys and girls, gather around, get your tickets for the

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greatest spectacle on Earth, the Salem Witch Trials. Now do

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you find that disgusting? Do you find that kind of

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disgusting that someone would say, gather around, buy tickets to

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the greatest spectacle and be referencing the Salem Witch Trials

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where twenty human beings were killed. That sounds pretty messed up.

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That sounds pretty disgusting, And I hope it bothers you

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as much as it bothers me, because today we're going

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to be talking about one of the accusers who turned

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it all into theater. They turn it all into a spectacle,

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and we will talk about them, and you will hear

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their story right after I say good afternoon everyone. It

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is Tuesday, March the eleventh, twenty twenty five. It is

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currently three four pm Central time, and I'm coming to

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you live from the Theology Central studio located right here

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in Abilene.

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Texas well.

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First it was Betty Paris, then it was Abigail Williams.

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That they were pretty much together Betty Paris and Abigail Williams.

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They were the first girls who were afflicted and the

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first girls who made the accusations that started the Salem

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Wish Trials. Now these two girls are known for well,

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one's the pastor's daughter, the other one is the pastor's niece.

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They are also the girls who did the egg ritual right,

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which probably scared them to death, all right, So we

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talked about them. Then after Betty and Abigail, there was

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Anne Putnam Junior. Now she is the accuser who ultimately apologized,

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and we talked about how she made we almost feel

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sorry for Anne, right though everything that happens to her

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after her life she basically lives in silence. Dies, She

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never gets married, dies at thirty seven, and you know,

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she apologized, and her apologies a little hard maybe to interpret,

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but it sounds like she she felt she was turned

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into an instrument, and we feel like that maybe her

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father definitely used her to go after his enemies. So

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we have Betty, who have Abigail, We have Anne Putnam Junior.

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So now we're gonna go to the very next girl.

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I'm trying to follow these as in chronological order as

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much as possible. Today we're going to look at the

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next girl. And Wow, I struggle with the next girl,

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all right, I because she seems to be the one.

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I'm not saying she would say it, just like I

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introduced this, but she was kind of the one that

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kind of was like, Hey, everyone, gather around, get a

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ticket to the greatest spectacle on Earth. I present to

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you the Salem Witch Trials, and I'm going to tell

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you who is the witch and who should be put

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to death. She really kind of takes the stage. She

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demands your attention. Dare I say she demanded the spotlight.

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We're going to refer to her as the theatrical accuser.

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The Salem Witch Trials were a storm of fear, of faith,

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and of accusation. But among the sea of accusers girls

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who pointed fingers and claimed affliction, one of them stood

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out from all the rest. One young woman didn't just accuse.

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She performed. She screamed, She collapsed, she convulsed, and she

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seized control of the entire courtroom with her dramatic, unrelenting

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displays of suffering. See, the other girls may make an accusation,

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this girl, no.

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She did all of those things.

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She would scream. And when I say scream, it wouldn't

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just be like a yell. She would scream like as

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loud as she possibly could. She would collapse, she would

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have convulsions. But in all of this, and all of this,

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not only I mean, I feel clearly it was a performance.

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What's amazing is she this young girl. Now she's a

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little she's older than some of the others, she's seventeen,

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but she seizes control of the courtroom and she does

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so with kind of a dramatic, constant, dramatic, unrelenting displays

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of suffering. Her name was Elizabeth Hubbard. Now, while Betty

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Paris and Abigail Williams may have started the hysteria, it

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was Elizabeth who turned it into a spectacle. And that's

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the words of artificial intelligence. They artificial intelligence says Elizabeth

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is the one that turned it into a spectacle. Because

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I was trying to find a way to kind of

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describe Elizabeth when I was trying to research and put

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this together. Okay, Betty and Abigail, they're young, they're the

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first obviously, the pastor's daughter, the reverend's daughter, the reverend's niece. Oh,

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they do this egg ritual okay, it was something to

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grab onto. With Anne, it was very easy. She's the

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one who apologizes.

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Okay.

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So I had a way to kindy to frame them,

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to kind of try to create build a narrative around them.

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With Elizabeth, I was at first, I was kind of like,

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what do I do?

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What do I do? What do I do?

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I'm d I kind of went back and forth, and

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I kept kind of writing it, then rewriting it and

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writing it, rewriting, and finally I'm like, wait a minute,

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Elizabeth is She's the She's the theater kid, right, She's

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the she would be in drama class, she would get

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an a. She's the performer. She's the theatrical accuser. Now

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I'm giving you my perspective. I'm going to try to

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be fair. I'm trying to be historically accurate. You may

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for each one of these girls. You're gonna form your

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own kind of You're gonna have your own feelings and

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opinions about them, right, you know you're gonna I kind

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of feel bad for Anne the way I mean I do.

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I feel like she was used.

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I cannot necessarily prove it, but I feel like she

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was used by her father. That's my own kind of hypotheses.

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But for Elizabeth Man, you see, unlike the younger girls

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who often let others speak for them, and I think

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that's very important. The younger girls sometimes others spoke for them,

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so you kind of felt that they were being led,

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or maybe you kind of felt that they were being manipulated.

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When it came to Elizabeth Hubbard, she dominated the courtroom. Well,

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some girls would only weep, or they would whimper.

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Not not Elizabeth.

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She would fall into violent fits. She would gasp for

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air as if you know she couldn't breathe. She would

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thrash about wildly, as if she was being pulled apart

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by invisible hands. Her words painted vivid, horrifying pictures of

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the witches who tormented her, leaving judges and jurors enthralled, terrified,

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and utterly convinced. She put on a show. I mean,

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it's like, wait, hey, what's going on today in Salem?

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Oh well there's a trial. Oh wait, who's testifying Elizabeth Hubbard?

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Get me a ticket, as if you know you could

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buy a ticket.

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I want to go see that.

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Because everyone was in thraw and the judges, the juris, everybody,

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Oh what is happening. They and she She was the

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star of the performance. You see, Elizabeth Hubbard wasn't just

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another girl caught up in the hysteria. She was the

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most theatrical, the most dramatic, the most relentless accuser of

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them all, and her performances helped send innocent people to

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their deaths.

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It would be one thing for someone to.

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Make an accusation, but she, in a sense, could not

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only make the accusation, but then demonstrate what was happening

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to her in real time. Right It's one thing to say, well,

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on this night, on this day, the spirit of this

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woman or the spirit of this person showed up and

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was afflicting me, and this is what happened. But it's

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another thing to say, Oh, I'm being tormented by this

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person's spirit, and they're here right now, tormenting me. Right now,

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I'm going to show you, right now, in real time,

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what it looks like. Now, she wouldn't explain what she

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was doing. It would just happen, and everybody's, oh, she's

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being tormented right now. The witches don't want her to testify.

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The witches are trying to stop it. Satan is trying

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to stop this oh no, we're under attack, which would

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fall right into the paranoia and fear that everyone had.

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And if you didn't have the paranoia fear, by the

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time you were done listening to her, you were convinced

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that you were under attack. But who was Elizabeth Hubbard?

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How did she go.

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Further than the others, and what became of her after

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the trials ended. My goal today is we uncover the

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story of Elizabeth Hubbard Salem's most dramatic accuser. Now artificial

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intelligence refers to her as the most dramatic accuser. I

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like to say she's the most theatrical. I think she's

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the one that turns it into a spectacle. I like

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to use some of those terms.

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You cannot if you're going to talk about Salem. You

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got to talk about.

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Anne because she accused like sixty three, sixty two, sixty

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three people. And then when it comes to Elizabeth, she's

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the most dramatic, but she accuses over forty herself. Just

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between Anne and Elizabeth, you have, you know, over one

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hundred people accused just those two girls alone. I mean again,

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you wouldn't want these two girls to be anywhere near you,

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because you know, don't make them angry.

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So let's look at her.

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Let's kind of go back and study and try to

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understand a little bit about her early life and her background.

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And again I'm trying to present this more as a

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narrative than I would typically do so in teaching. Now,

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Elizabeth Hubbard was born around and I say around because

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we cannot be dogmatic, sixteen seventy four or sixteen seventy

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five in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She was orphaned at

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a young age, and she became the maid servant of

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her uncle, doctor William Griggs, the local physician in Salem village. Now,

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when we talk about the local physicians, remember the physicians

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play a big part in this. It happened in Boston. Also,

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it happened in Salem. When the people, when the when

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people are first, when the girls are first examine let

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me state that when the girls being afflicted are first examined,

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they would bring in a physician at least early on.

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I don't know, I don't know if this maintained stay

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true through the entire Salem witch trials. But at the beginning,

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if you were afflicted, you were examined by a doctor.

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And then the doctors ultimately said they said it in Boston,

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they said it here. We don't know, we have no

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medical explanation. It's witchcraft. We don't know it's witchcraft now,

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I think after a while then it was like, if

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you have these afflictions, if you have these symptoms, we're

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not even going to bother calling in a doctor. We

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all know now this is witchcraft. Like, these symptoms became

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associated with witchcraft. So you know, if you have a

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seizure disorder.

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At that time, not so good for you.

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All right, so but let's continue. Living in the household

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of a doctor, Elizabeth would have been familiar with various

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elements and the community's reliance on medical explanations for unexplained events.

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This proximity to medical practices may have influenced her perceptions

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and actions during the onset of the witchcraft hysteria. Now

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it would be awesome, so interesting. Is it possible, since

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her uncle is a physician, that he was intimately familiar

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with what had happened?

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I'm curious, hang on.

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Hang on, hand, hang on, hang on, give me a second,

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hang on, give me a second.

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Here, I don't.

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Think this is true. I'm gonna I'm doing research now

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in real time, was the physician in the Boston case.

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I don't think he was.

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And give me one second, I'm doing some historical research. Really,

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I don't think he was.

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Okay, all right, good, all right.

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I wanted to make sure that he wasn't the physician

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involved in the Boston case that we've already talked about,

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because that would be really weird.

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But I think it's fair to say that he would.

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Have at least been familiar with what's going on. These

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other girls are showing these symptoms. Would he have been

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called in where another doctor had been called it, would

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he had consulted with anyone, because it sounds like the

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very first girls who were afflicted, Betty and Abigail, that

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possibly the same doctor that was in Boston in the

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Boston case four years earlier. Remember, there's some at least

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speculation about that. But I think he would have heard

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about what's going on, meaning Elizabeth would have probably heard

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what's going on, right. I think it's very fair to

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say she would have heard the stories. So I think

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that's going to have a great impact on her. So

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a little bit again about her past. She's born around

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sixteen seventy four to sixteen seventy five. She's orphaned at

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a young age as she becomes the maid servant of

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her uncle. Doctor William Gregg's the local physician in Salem

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Village right now. In the winter of sixteen ninety two,

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Salem Village was unsettled by strange occurrences. Girls including Betty

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Paris Abigail Williams, began exhibiting bizarre behaviors, screaming, contorting their bodies,

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and uttering strange sounds. Unable to find a medical explanation,

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doctor Grigg Griggs, Elizabeth's uncle, suggested that the cause might

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be supernatural. So he was involved in and suggesting that

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it may be supernatural as well. So there were so

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again we have we have some connections, some correlation, right.

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He was one of the ones who suggested that Betty

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and Abigail something supernatural is going on here. Obviously that

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Elizabeth would be familiar with what was going on, she

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would be getting, you know, inside information. I think that

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would be fair. I think that's a fair assessment. I

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don't think that's speculating too much. And it was shortly

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after this, shortly after her uncle suggests that the cause

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might be supernatural.

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That gets what happens.

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Elizabeth herself begins experiencing similar fits.

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What a coincidence? Isn't that interesting?

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Soon after, soon after her uncle's like, ooh, something supernatural

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is going on, Elizabeth begins having the almost identical fits.

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On February the first. Remember this all begins on in

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January of sixteen ninety two. Now we're February the first,

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sixteen ninety two, her first recorded episode occurred, marking her

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entry into the group of afflicted individuals. So less than

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a month after it starts, and not long after her

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uncle's like, Hey, I think what's happening here is supernatural

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witchcraft the devil. All of a sudden, Elizabeth begins having

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the exact same symptoms. I mean, come on now, right now,

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on February the twenty ninth, sixteen ninety two. So February

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the first she starts having symptoms, right, all right, yeah,

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make sure I get the dates right. On February the first,

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she starts having symptoms. On February twenty ninth, sixteen ninety two,

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Elizabeth Hubbard, along with Betty Paris, Abigail Williams, and Anne

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Putnam Junior, named three women as the source of their torment.

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How convenient? Who are they?

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Going to go after class. Everyone should know. I know

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I'm supposed to say this as a narrative, but if

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we were to taking a test right now, everyone should

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pass this test.

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They everyone.

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All of these accusers accused the same three women, Sarah Good,

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Sarah Osborne, and Tishiba. Everyone should remember Tishaba just because

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it's fun to say. Everyone should remember that. But Sarah Good,

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Sarah Osborne, and Tishiba? Why do they go after Sarah Good? Remember,

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she's homeless, she's poor, She's known as begging.

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She's an outcast. When people refuse.

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To help her, she would curse them under her breath,

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making her seem suspicious.

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And it seemed that there was a.

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Belief at that time that poverty was possibly a sign

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of God's judgment, and Sarah Good fit the idea of

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an ungodly woman. She's poor, she's a beggar, she curses.

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They may have already accused her of being Basically, they

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probably already thought she was a witch. Why Sarah Osborne, Well,

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she had not attended church in years due to illness,

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which made her spiritually suspect. Because if you didn't show

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up to church, you know you may be a witch.

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She had married her indentured servant, which broke Puritan social norms.

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She was involved in a land dispute with the Putmans. Oh,

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imagine that she's in a land dispute with the Putmans.

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Anyone who was in a land dispute with them got

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to accused of witchcraft, almost making her a political target

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as well as a religious one. I thought, I think

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she becomes a widow, or she is. Maybe she had

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married her indentured servant who died.

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I don't know.

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I'd have to go verify them, but I'm pretty sure

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she comes a widow. And then you have Tisheba. She

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00:19:03.279 --> 00:19:06.880
was an enslaved indigenous or African woman, making her an

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easy scapegoat. She had told the Paris girls stories about magic,

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leading them to believe she had real supernatural power. Her

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later confession, whether coerced or strategic, validda, validated the accusations.

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Now Elizabeth Hubber's role in the accusation. Now she Elizabeth

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gets involved. Elizabeth is going all the others. Those three

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women get accused, but now Elizabeth gets in. Now she

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doesn't just name the three women, She was among those

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who testified against them in court during Tishaba's examination on

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March the first, sixteen ninety two. And just make sure

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you know this, many people say the trials officially begin

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on March the first, sixteen ninety two, three hundred and

314
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thirty three years ago, right, That's how come. That's why

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I were in March the eleven that we're talking about it,

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because once I realized March the first is the three

317
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hundred and thirty three year kind of anniversary of the

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beginning of the trials, then I was like, well, this

319
00:20:05.400 --> 00:20:07.880
is a perfect time to do all of this discussion

320
00:20:08.240 --> 00:20:10.880
about it. And the reason we say this kind of

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marks the beginning of the trial is because this is

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when the first three women who were accused are kind.

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Of interrogated, examined.

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However, you would like to classify what happens, all right,

325
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But it was during the examination on March the first,

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00:20:27.559 --> 00:20:31.400
sixteen ninety two, Hubbard testified that Tishiba had afflicted her

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since February the twenty fifth, So Elizabeth she steps in.

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She's the one testifying. She claimed that her symptoms stopped

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only after Tishiba confessed, further cementing Tishiba's guilt in the

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public mind. So Elizabeth seemed to be very like, she's

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the one driving it, she's the one giving specifics.

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She and again she's older. She's older. I think she's seven.

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00:21:00.720 --> 00:21:03.319
The other girls are younger, and they seem to be

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kind of being led, where Elizabeth seems to take the

335
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She's like, I'm gonna take the lead here. So why

336
00:21:12.759 --> 00:21:16.200
did all four of the Why so? Why did all

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four of the first accusers, Betty, Abigail, and Elizabeth target

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the same three women?

339
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It wasn't random.

340
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These women were already viewed as outsiders socially and spiritually,

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and that made them the perfect scapegoats and a town

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consumed by fear. And whenever fear takes over ladies and gentlemen.

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It doesn't, it doesn't.

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Just it's not gonna just name three fear, never fear.

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Once fear begins, paranoia and fear, it's not gonna stop

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00:21:47.359 --> 00:21:50.400
with just three names. It's gonna have four names, five names,

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ten names, twenty names, thirty names, and then next thing

348
00:21:53.400 --> 00:22:02.839
you know, it spirals out of control. Now, Elizabeth Hubbard

349
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wasn't just another accuser. She in many ways is the

350
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most theatrical of them all. While Betty Parris and Abigail

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Williams were younger and often seemed led by others. Elizabeth

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actively sought attention in the courtroom. Her outburst were among

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the most violent. Her descriptions of witchcraft were vivid and

354
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terrifying and lack and Unlike some of the younger girls

355
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who would merely point fingers, Elizabeth Hubbard collaborated closely with

356
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the judges. She would feed into their fears, and she

357
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shaped their verdicts, which is again crazy. Let's give some examples.

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The trial of Rebecca Nurse, which occurred on March the

359
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twenty fourth, sixteen ninety two. The room is silent as

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Rebecca Nurse, an elderly, well respected woman, stands before the court.

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She raises her hand slightly, responding to a question from

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the magistrates. Suddenly, a scream shatters the silence. Elizabeth Hubbard

363
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convulses violently, collapsing to the floor. Her body twists unnaturally.

364
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She lets out a guttural moan, her arms jerk uncontrollably.

365
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She's cursing me, she shrieks, She's upon me. Now there

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are gasp of horror from the courtroom. The magistrates already decline,

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already inclined to believe in the supernatural, see this as

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undeniable proof. Rebecca Rebecca Nurse, known for her piety, known

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for her kindness, is now painted as a malevolent force,

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capable of tormenting a young girl from across the room,

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and Elizabeth wasn't done. Later in the trial, she collapsed

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into a trance, lying motionless until the judges called nurses name.

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Then suddenly she sprang up, screaming, she's trying to tear

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my soul from my body now. Unlike Betty Parris, who

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mostly remained in her home, or Abigail Williams, who would

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have fits but rarely spoke at length, Elizabeth Hubbard controlled

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the courtroom with her words and actions. She was the

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perfect storm, young enough to be believed, old enough to

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testify under oath, and dramatic enough to keep the judges

380
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hanging on every single word she I mean, there's no

381
00:24:50.119 --> 00:24:54.599
way to I mean, listen to that. That's just crazy,

382
00:24:55.079 --> 00:25:01.000
the thing she was doing. And she took over, took over. Well,

383
00:25:01.039 --> 00:25:04.880
the young younger girls were like illegally, they couldn't even

384
00:25:05.000 --> 00:25:08.680
testify under oath legally, the other girls because they were

385
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too young. Elizabeth can, she can and now, but she

386
00:25:14.319 --> 00:25:15.079
takes over.

387
00:25:15.279 --> 00:25:15.759
I mean.

388
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In some ways I don't think I'm exaggerating this too much.

389
00:25:22.519 --> 00:25:27.160
Elizabeth Hubbard, she was the judge, she was the jury,

390
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She was the accuser. In a roundabout way, she was

391
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the executioner because she ultimately could lead someone right to

392
00:25:34.240 --> 00:25:41.960
their death. How about the case against Elizabeth Proctor? April fourth,

393
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sixteen ninety two. During Elizabeth Proctor's trial, Elizabeth Hubbard once

394
00:25:50.319 --> 00:25:54.759
again took center stage. Unlike the other girls who merely

395
00:25:54.839 --> 00:25:58.960
clutched their throats or claimed they were pinched, Hubbard fell

396
00:25:59.000 --> 00:26:06.000
into a violent, prolonged seizure. Her limbs flailing wildly, she

397
00:26:06.160 --> 00:26:09.359
screamed as this shoe, as if she was being physically beaten.

398
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Despite standing several feet away from Proctor. She sends her

399
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specter to rip me apart. Hubber shrieked, pointing wildly at

400
00:26:21.160 --> 00:26:25.400
Elizabeth Proctor. She wasn't merely claiming she was afflicted. She

401
00:26:25.559 --> 00:26:28.200
was playing the role of the victim in real time,

402
00:26:28.640 --> 00:26:31.880
ensuring that no one in the courtroom could ignore her suffering.

403
00:26:32.039 --> 00:26:35.240
And when the other girl saw her, they followed suit,

404
00:26:35.519 --> 00:26:40.759
because how could they not. Her performance became more extreme

405
00:26:41.119 --> 00:26:44.599
than anyone else's, as she quickly became one of the

406
00:26:44.599 --> 00:26:46.519
most influential accuser of.

407
00:26:46.480 --> 00:26:48.039
The trials and what started happening.

408
00:26:48.039 --> 00:26:50.920
If the other girls were there, If Elizabeth does A,

409
00:26:51.640 --> 00:26:52.440
we will do it.

410
00:26:52.599 --> 00:26:55.119
If Elizabeth does B will she?

411
00:26:55.720 --> 00:26:58.440
I mean she was the director, she was the judge,

412
00:26:58.480 --> 00:27:00.440
she was the jury, she was the accute us, she

413
00:27:00.519 --> 00:27:04.640
was the executioner, she was the drama coach. And I'm

414
00:27:04.640 --> 00:27:09.200
not trying to be, you know, disrespectful, but I mean,

415
00:27:09.319 --> 00:27:12.559
come on, this is so over the top. How could

416
00:27:12.920 --> 00:27:18.960
And again, remember it's the good Christians, It's the religious

417
00:27:19.000 --> 00:27:22.720
people who you know, we have so much insight and

418
00:27:22.839 --> 00:27:23.519
discern it.

419
00:27:23.720 --> 00:27:27.200
Her eyes have been open, we know the truth. Stop

420
00:27:27.319 --> 00:27:28.480
all of that nonsense.

421
00:27:28.759 --> 00:27:32.000
Clearly, these Christians were some of the most easily deceived

422
00:27:32.039 --> 00:27:35.000
people maybe on the face of the earth. Well that's

423
00:27:35.039 --> 00:27:41.039
a little that's a little hyperbole, but you get the idea. Now,

424
00:27:41.119 --> 00:27:44.480
how was Elizabeth Hubbard's behavior different from the other girls, Well,

425
00:27:44.480 --> 00:27:46.839
I think you I just tried to give you two examples,

426
00:27:46.880 --> 00:27:50.279
two different cases. She was more physically dramatic. While other

427
00:27:50.319 --> 00:27:53.519
girls may cry out in pain or faint, Hubbard's convulsions

428
00:27:53.519 --> 00:27:58.200
were violent, exaggerated, and designed to draw maximum attention. Unlike

429
00:27:58.200 --> 00:28:01.000
some of the younger girls, she threw herself into fense,

430
00:28:01.440 --> 00:28:07.640
seized up, and screamed at full volume. She was also

431
00:28:07.720 --> 00:28:12.880
a master storyteller. She didn't just accuse. She gave long,

432
00:28:13.640 --> 00:28:17.720
detailed testimonies about what the witches supposedly did to her.

433
00:28:18.119 --> 00:28:23.480
She described spectral attacks in vivid, horrifying imagery, making her

434
00:28:23.519 --> 00:28:29.319
claims even more convincing. She controlled the courtroom. Many of

435
00:28:29.359 --> 00:28:32.960
the young girls followed her lead. When she screamed, they screamed.

436
00:28:32.960 --> 00:28:36.319
When she fell, they fell. Judges asked her questions directly,

437
00:28:36.480 --> 00:28:41.079
and her response shaped how the trials unfolded. The judges

438
00:28:41.119 --> 00:28:45.400
wanted to ask her questions because they were like, this

439
00:28:45.480 --> 00:28:49.000
is the one who knows she's experiencing it in real time,

440
00:28:49.119 --> 00:28:53.359
so they could ask her questions. I mean, she controlled everything.

441
00:28:53.680 --> 00:29:00.279
People's lives were literally in her dramatic theatrical hand ends.

442
00:29:04.359 --> 00:29:04.559
Now.

443
00:29:04.599 --> 00:29:08.240
If Abigail Williams helped start, if Betty and Abigail Williams

444
00:29:08.279 --> 00:29:12.680
helped start the hysteria, Elizabeth Hubbard perfected it. She didn't

445
00:29:12.720 --> 00:29:16.920
just accuse people. She sold the illusion of witchcraft through

446
00:29:17.000 --> 00:29:20.480
her words, her body as She did it so convincingly

447
00:29:20.759 --> 00:29:24.519
that the court had no choice but to believe her.

448
00:29:25.400 --> 00:29:30.759
But what's most chilling about Elizabeth Hubbard. Unlike Anne, she

449
00:29:30.880 --> 00:29:37.240
never apologizes. Unlike Mary Warren, who we will talk about

450
00:29:37.279 --> 00:29:40.519
in another episode, because Mary Warren tried to stop it.

451
00:29:40.680 --> 00:29:44.079
We won't even give home man that story is so crazy,

452
00:29:44.079 --> 00:29:46.960
all right. But she played her role to the very end,

453
00:29:47.160 --> 00:29:53.960
and when the trials ended, she just disappears from history,

454
00:29:54.160 --> 00:29:56.720
leaving behind only the names of the people who died

455
00:29:57.160 --> 00:30:00.480
because of her words. When the trial ends, she just disappears,

456
00:30:02.519 --> 00:30:07.240
Like what happened to Elizabeth? What happened to Elizabeth Hubbard?

457
00:30:07.559 --> 00:30:10.279
She just disappears. The only thing left behind is you

458
00:30:10.359 --> 00:30:12.960
go to Salem and you can see, well, you can

459
00:30:13.000 --> 00:30:20.039
see the memorial of the women who died. Elizabeth just disappears.

460
00:30:23.599 --> 00:30:28.160
The historical record concerning Elizabeth Hubbard's life after the trials

461
00:30:28.319 --> 00:30:31.880
is very uncertain. Some historians suggests that she may have

462
00:30:31.920 --> 00:30:35.480
moved to a different part of Massachusetts. She may have

463
00:30:35.519 --> 00:30:39.440
married a man named John Bennett in seventeen eleven. However,

464
00:30:39.960 --> 00:30:43.720
there's no confirmation of this. There is no confirmation. Unlike

465
00:30:43.799 --> 00:30:48.960
some of the other accusers, Elizabeth never publicly confessed. She

466
00:30:49.079 --> 00:30:58.359
never apologizes for her role in the trials. Elizabeth Hubbard's story,

467
00:30:59.880 --> 00:31:05.240
I think is a chilling reminder of how fear, social division,

468
00:31:06.480 --> 00:31:12.759
unchecked authority can lead to mass hysteria. She was not

469
00:31:12.839 --> 00:31:16.680
a leader in Salem. She was a follower, and yet

470
00:31:17.720 --> 00:31:22.119
her accusations had devastating consequences. I think she was the

471
00:31:22.160 --> 00:31:25.319
follower who becomes the leader. Nobody else just realizes she's

472
00:31:25.359 --> 00:31:31.960
the one doing the leading. Now we could ask ourselves,

473
00:31:32.519 --> 00:31:37.440
how do we identify scapegoating in our own time? This

474
00:31:37.559 --> 00:31:40.400
idea of scapegoating is still I mean, it's still a

475
00:31:40.440 --> 00:31:43.039
part of our culture, right, you got again, what do

476
00:31:43.079 --> 00:31:44.480
you have to do? All you have to do is

477
00:31:44.519 --> 00:31:47.480
tell people you need to be afraid because of this threat.

478
00:31:47.519 --> 00:31:50.920
And then you identify who the enemy is. That that's

479
00:31:50.960 --> 00:31:53.440
the person you need to be scared of, that's the group,

480
00:31:53.720 --> 00:31:56.240
that's the and then everyone gets oh, they're out to

481
00:31:56.240 --> 00:31:57.519
get us. They're out to get us, they're out to

482
00:31:57.519 --> 00:31:59.599
get us, they're everywhere, they're everywhere, they're ever, Oh what

483
00:31:59.599 --> 00:32:03.000
are we going to do? And then well, then the

484
00:32:03.480 --> 00:32:10.799
escapegoat that becomes the scapegoat. How do we recognize when

485
00:32:10.799 --> 00:32:13.839
fear is being manipulated to target certain groups? How do

486
00:32:13.880 --> 00:32:18.880
you recognize that so many times people will say something

487
00:32:18.880 --> 00:32:21.920
about how bad this is or how bad this is.

488
00:32:22.160 --> 00:32:24.359
It's never been like this, and you can just do

489
00:32:24.440 --> 00:32:27.039
sometimes five seconds of research and go, what are you

490
00:32:27.200 --> 00:32:30.839
talking about. That's not true, that's not true, that's not true.

491
00:32:32.160 --> 00:32:32.920
Everybody wants to.

492
00:32:32.839 --> 00:32:35.599
Talk about, Oh, remember the good old days, how great

493
00:32:35.640 --> 00:32:38.240
things were? Yeah, the good old days. Remember how wonderful

494
00:32:38.279 --> 00:32:41.160
it was. I don't know when Cain and Abel. Oh yeah,

495
00:32:41.279 --> 00:32:44.400
Caine killed his brother. Oh do you remember how wonderful

496
00:32:44.440 --> 00:32:46.720
it was. And you just go through Genesis when there

497
00:32:46.799 --> 00:32:52.640
was I don't know, incest, rape, I mean, slavery, all

498
00:32:52.680 --> 00:32:54.119
the wonderful things going on.

499
00:32:54.119 --> 00:32:56.279
In the book of Genesis.

500
00:32:58.480 --> 00:33:01.119
Now you know what the problem is is what sometimes

501
00:33:01.200 --> 00:33:06.680
Christians seem to forget. Depravity has always existed since the

502
00:33:06.720 --> 00:33:10.440
fall of man, and it always manifests itself in different

503
00:33:10.440 --> 00:33:12.880
ways in different times. Now, you may try to create

504
00:33:12.920 --> 00:33:15.279
a culture where you cover it up, but the depravity

505
00:33:15.319 --> 00:33:24.400
is still there. Because history, I think this is most

506
00:33:24.440 --> 00:33:31.359
important part. History shows us that fear never stops at

507
00:33:31.559 --> 00:33:38.400
just three names. Fear never stops with one group. Fear

508
00:33:38.680 --> 00:33:44.240
will constantly name more groups, more enemies. It will dehumanize them,

509
00:33:44.880 --> 00:33:48.640
and you will feel justified in attacking and destroying them,

510
00:33:48.839 --> 00:33:51.400
even if you are acting in a way that's completely

511
00:33:51.480 --> 00:33:55.039
contradictory to your own faith. And you will, in many

512
00:33:55.039 --> 00:33:58.480
cases bear false witness, and you will lie, and you

513
00:33:58.519 --> 00:34:01.799
will slander all the name of Jesus, or you will

514
00:34:01.839 --> 00:34:03.680
you know, I don't know, fall down on the floor

515
00:34:03.680 --> 00:34:09.480
in the middle of a courtroom, convulsing and well, leading

516
00:34:09.480 --> 00:34:15.760
to people's deaths Now, I would say her story is

517
00:34:15.800 --> 00:34:19.960
one of fear, so one of influence. I think you

518
00:34:19.960 --> 00:34:22.960
could it also set. Her story is a clear reminder

519
00:34:22.960 --> 00:34:26.159
of the dangers of a society ruled by hysteria, ruled

520
00:34:26.159 --> 00:34:31.440
by fear, ruled by emotion. What do you make of Elizabeth?

521
00:34:33.760 --> 00:34:36.360
I mean, we have the historical record of her performances

522
00:34:36.400 --> 00:34:37.880
in these court cases.

523
00:34:40.119 --> 00:34:40.719
We have it.

524
00:34:41.840 --> 00:34:45.000
And depending on where you go and Salem, there are

525
00:34:45.000 --> 00:34:48.480
some places that will reenact a scene from some of

526
00:34:48.519 --> 00:34:51.880
these trials. Some of them will be with Elizabeth. Uh,

527
00:34:52.639 --> 00:34:55.320
someone playing the part of Elizabeth and her yelling and

528
00:34:55.360 --> 00:34:57.800
screaming and falling on the floor and doing all of

529
00:34:57.800 --> 00:34:58.719
the crazy.

530
00:34:58.320 --> 00:34:58.800
Things she did.

531
00:34:58.880 --> 00:35:02.119
Because obviously it's a great thing to use at a

532
00:35:02.199 --> 00:35:05.280
museum or a tour when you're trying to show people

533
00:35:05.280 --> 00:35:08.320
what happened. It's the most spectacular, it's the craziest. You're

534
00:35:08.360 --> 00:35:10.320
just watching that and it's like some of like.

535
00:35:10.519 --> 00:35:13.320
Who would believe this? Who would believe this?

536
00:35:13.400 --> 00:35:16.880
Well, in sixteen ninety two, everyone seemed to believe it,

537
00:35:17.599 --> 00:35:20.599
and then she just disappears. You talk about like it's

538
00:35:20.639 --> 00:35:26.559
almost like she got out of town. And it's still

539
00:35:26.639 --> 00:35:30.000
crazy how many of these people just never said another

540
00:35:30.039 --> 00:35:34.000
word other than Anne Putmaan who apologized, and well you

541
00:35:34.039 --> 00:35:38.079
see how her life turned out. The one woman who

542
00:35:38.079 --> 00:35:42.880
apologized lived and basically as a mute, you know, basically

543
00:35:42.960 --> 00:35:45.519
lived in silence, and then dies at what thirty seven.

544
00:35:47.280 --> 00:35:49.159
Everyone else just is like, we're getting out of town.

545
00:35:49.239 --> 00:35:51.639
We were getting as far away from this place as possible.

546
00:35:52.199 --> 00:36:05.760
But all of this happens because a young girls. So

547
00:36:05.840 --> 00:36:14.320
we've talked about Betty, we've talked about Abigail, We've talked

548
00:36:14.360 --> 00:36:20.280
about Anne Putnam junior, and now you know the story

549
00:36:21.519 --> 00:36:28.119
of Elizabeth Hubbard. What do you think about these girls?

550
00:36:28.719 --> 00:36:33.760
And just remember, between Anne and Elizabeth, over one hundred

551
00:36:33.760 --> 00:36:41.519
people are accused. Just those two girls accuse over one

552
00:36:41.599 --> 00:36:46.239
hundred people. That is hard for me to wrap my

553
00:36:46.320 --> 00:36:55.599
mind around two girls, over one hundred accusations, and who

554
00:36:55.719 --> 00:36:59.840
knows how many people would have ultimately died if this did.

555
00:37:00.159 --> 00:37:01.880
All gets stopped.

556
00:37:02.199 --> 00:37:06.920
Remember this didn't get stopped because these the great Christians,

557
00:37:07.119 --> 00:37:10.280
the wonderful Puritans, were like, what are we doing?

558
00:37:10.400 --> 00:37:11.559
This is ungodly.

559
00:37:11.920 --> 00:37:17.039
It got stopped because a political leader, a civil authority's.

560
00:37:16.480 --> 00:37:19.159
Wife gets accused and he's like, that's it, this is done,

561
00:37:19.400 --> 00:37:21.800
the end. No, no, no, no, no, no, what is

562
00:37:21.880 --> 00:37:24.400
going on here? This is going too far.

563
00:37:24.480 --> 00:37:29.039
And I think he was the political civil leader, civil

564
00:37:29.039 --> 00:37:31.880
authority in Boston, and I think it's his wife who

565
00:37:31.880 --> 00:37:34.840
gets accused, and then he's like, that's it, this is done.

566
00:37:35.199 --> 00:37:37.000
It wasn't that. It wasn't the church.

567
00:37:37.039 --> 00:37:40.239
You figured it out. It wasn't the Christians. It was

568
00:37:40.280 --> 00:37:43.119
when someone who's now, wait a minute, my family member

569
00:37:43.199 --> 00:37:45.199
is going to be accused. You guys are out of

570
00:37:45.239 --> 00:37:49.480
your ever living mind. And if you look at what

571
00:37:49.719 --> 00:37:52.920
happened of this was the you know, the city on

572
00:37:52.960 --> 00:37:53.440
the Hill.

573
00:37:53.760 --> 00:37:55.679
This was the Puritans.

574
00:37:55.920 --> 00:37:58.719
What a great they are, such godly people.

575
00:37:58.920 --> 00:38:00.280
Look, by the time.

576
00:38:00.239 --> 00:38:03.920
The Puritan experiment is over, go to Boston, go to

577
00:38:04.280 --> 00:38:12.119
go to Salem, go to that area. Now is that

578
00:38:12.199 --> 00:38:17.039
the bastion of Christian philological purity.

579
00:38:17.280 --> 00:38:18.880
No, is that the headquarter.

580
00:38:19.000 --> 00:38:22.480
No, many of those places reject it out right now

581
00:38:22.760 --> 00:38:27.440
because of the insanity.

582
00:38:29.960 --> 00:38:31.079
That's the story.

583
00:38:32.320 --> 00:38:38.960
Of Elizabeth Hubbard. So what do you think You can

584
00:38:39.079 --> 00:38:45.840
just write down their names, Betty Paris, Abigail Williams, and Putnam,

585
00:38:45.880 --> 00:38:55.320
Elizabeth Hubbard. Come on, I bet you have some strong opinions. Now,

586
00:38:55.320 --> 00:39:00.239
we'll keep looking at the the afflicted and the accusers.

587
00:39:01.840 --> 00:39:04.840
The next one is really crazy, and the next one

588
00:39:04.920 --> 00:39:08.480
is really Yeah, the next one is just nuts. What

589
00:39:08.559 --> 00:39:12.719
happens to her? Oh and we have to we will

590
00:39:12.760 --> 00:39:15.400
have to talk about a book that was written in

591
00:39:15.440 --> 00:39:21.039
the fourteen hundreds, which was the witch Hunter's Manual, which

592
00:39:21.079 --> 00:39:25.239
I think ultimately it's the book that kind of explains

593
00:39:25.280 --> 00:39:28.079
what happens, why the people act the way they do, and.

594
00:39:28.039 --> 00:39:29.719
Salem, we'll have to talk about that.

595
00:39:30.239 --> 00:39:33.599
We still need to talk about Satan's book. Oh man,

596
00:39:33.679 --> 00:39:36.239
that's that's the book that supposedly, if you're going to

597
00:39:36.280 --> 00:39:38.679
be a witch, you sign and that book plays a

598
00:39:38.719 --> 00:39:40.639
major part in the Salem witch trials. Is not an

599
00:39:40.679 --> 00:39:44.599
actual book, Okay, it's figment of everyone's imagination. All right,

600
00:39:44.639 --> 00:39:46.400
But all right, Well, we're gonna talk about the Book

601
00:39:46.400 --> 00:39:49.719
of the fourteen hundreds. That's a real book. That's a

602
00:39:49.760 --> 00:39:53.519
real book, and it had major influence. And if you

603
00:39:53.519 --> 00:40:00.320
look at the writing writings of Cotton, Mather may not

604
00:40:00.400 --> 00:40:02.880
cite the book, but it's very similar to the book

605
00:40:02.920 --> 00:40:04.840
written in the fourteen hundreds. But of course he wouldn't

606
00:40:04.840 --> 00:40:07.039
cite it because the book in the fourteen hundreds was Catholic,

607
00:40:07.159 --> 00:40:09.679
and of course the Puritans hated Catholics. In fact, if

608
00:40:09.719 --> 00:40:11.760
you were a Catholic, you pretty much were already.

609
00:40:11.519 --> 00:40:15.880
Being accused of being a witch. So all right, so

610
00:40:15.960 --> 00:40:16.920
much more we could say.

611
00:40:17.760 --> 00:40:21.679
But there is the story of Elizabeth Hubbard, the most

612
00:40:21.719 --> 00:40:26.440
theatrical accuser of the Salem witch trials. Thanks for listening,

613
00:40:27.639 --> 00:40:28.199
God bless