Episode 54 - Navesink Lighthouse (Twin Lights)

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Hi everybody, I'm Emily.

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And I'm Vince.

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And this is the Lighthouse Lowdown.

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Oh.

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Did coffee today?

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Yep, they gave me a venti instead of a grande.

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Oh, bonus.

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In my personal cup, which is venti size.

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So you didn't order a venti?

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No.

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Okay.

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I brought the venti cup just because that's all I had.

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I'm expecting it to be half full and it was full.

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It's a big cup.

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I know.

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I have to be chugging during this.

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So anyway, we never mentioned this, but our anniversary of the podcast was like May.

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Oh, yeah.

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May 2nd.

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We just skated right over that.

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Yeah.

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We never said anything about it.

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Never did a post or...

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That was our two year as well, right?

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Mm-hmm.

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Two year anniversary of the Lighthouse Lowdown.

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We actually made it.

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Yeah.

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Now specifically we've made it.

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So I just thought I'd put that out there.

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We did get a card in the mail from a listener saying happy anniversary and it was the coolest

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card ever.

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Just really spectacular.

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That was nice.

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It was a birthday card with a lighthouse on it.

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So that's it.

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Nice.

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Thank you.

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That's it for my announcement.

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Two plus years.

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I do have a history buoy this episode.

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Very nice.

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I was kind of worried that I was going to have to skip it, but I powered through and

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we have a history buoy.

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It's part two of Signal Flags.

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So I did Signal Flags last time for storms and this time I'm just doing like their general

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Signal Flags for the Coast Guard, but it's also internationally recognized.

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So yeah.

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Wow.

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And they have a whole...

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I wish I had taken screenshots, but I just included the link in our show notes of this,

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what is it called?

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International Code of Signals 1969 version.

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So that's the latest update.

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I think in 2005 is whenever it came out, but it says 1969 version.

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So I wonder if they like relapse to a different version.

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Interesting.

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Don't know, but it was very confusing.

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A lot of strange, very 60s terminology and things.

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But anyway, you guys should check it out because it's actually pretty cool.

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It's not that long.

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It's just like a lot of different codes and breaks down what combination means something

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very specific.

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Like I've had a nuclear incident on board or something.

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There's a lot of stuff.

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So I will start out.

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Let me make sure.

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Here we have...

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All the flags.

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A through Z. What flags?

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So basically it's alphabetical and they also mean something specific if you're just flying

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them by themselves.

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I have a picture that I pulled off line of like an example of the flags being flown and

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it's not clear.

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I'm sure it's like maybe it's the name of the boat, this Muritz.

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Yeah maybe.

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Maybe it's the name of the boat.

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I also saw it's the name of a national park.

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So maybe they were in a lake in the national park or something.

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And MUE, according to the International Code of Signals means give ice to suck.

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So...

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What?

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What's the code for why?

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For what?

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Any code that starts with an M is medical related.

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And so I suppose...

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You had a burn in your mouth.

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Yeah.

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The hot hot cocoa is too hot.

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You report it with flags.

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We have one man with mouth burns.

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Okay so there's...

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With ice to suck.

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Yeah I'm reading.

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You should keep going.

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Okay.

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I'm not going to describe what all these flags are because obviously there's 26 right?

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26.

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That's how many letters are in the alphabet.

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So I won't describe them all but if you look at our YouTube, I have it pulled up now.

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There are 26.

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Okay excellent.

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Oh you had to count too.

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Just to make sure.

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I like that there's both the military alphabet.

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So like Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, ABC.

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But also like there's a secondary meaning to the flag.

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Yeah that's what I was saying is like if you fly it separately, I think it has its own

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meaning like stop instantly.

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I am stopped.

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I am stopped.

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I am dragging an anchor.

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I'm dragging an anchor.

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Stop your intention.

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My favorite one is whiskey also means require medical assistance.

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I don't know what it...

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Like this one, the example that I have up, it has this murits twice.

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I don't know if that's like something specific but...

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Did ships carry all of these flags in like I'm thinking of a pirate ship crate, like

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a chest.

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Oh.

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Like had a boy go down and get the chest.

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Let me show you.

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I actually have it on the next slide.

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Show how they hang up.

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So they're still used today and they're common enough that they're just out in the open for

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people to clip on to the ropes.

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So this is a common way of communicating these days.

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This setup right here satisfies me.

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Very satisfying.

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And it looks awesome and all the brass hardware and everything.

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And then the guy, he's not fitting that vibe.

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Well, because you got a hard hat on.

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But it's not just that.

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So I work in construction, right?

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Oh no.

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The hard hat on some people, it just doesn't fit the same.

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Like on some people it sits further back versus further forward.

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He's one of those further back gentlemen where there's like more hard hat in the back and

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the front seems to go with the curvature of his face and head.

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Yeah.

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For some reason it doesn't look as cool.

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It's hard to look cool in a hard hat anyways.

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He looks like under that hard hat he'd have frosted tips.

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No, you're just saying that because he's wearing like glasses.

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He looks like he doesn't really wear hard hats even though you can't help the shape

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of your head.

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You just can't.

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Well, he's probably about to climb up or something.

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He's probably a cool dude.

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I'm just saying he's not putting out the vibe.

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Yeah, we don't know him.

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We can't trash him.

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But his setup looks pretty cool.

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But anyway, that answers your question.

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I also put this up.

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There's numbers too.

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Yes, there's numbers and there's also like a couple of very specific pennants and the

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order in which you use them, like it says first, second, third.

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You're supposed to use them in conjunction with the rest of your message and it means

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something but obviously I wasn't going to go through every single rule.

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I also included the flag for SOS.

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So this is like when there's a serious problem.

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Brianna said SOS means someone help me.

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It's unhealthy.

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Oh, God.

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That was not something I was expecting you to say.

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So some examples.

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So like there's some general codes where you can use them.

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I have an example on here.

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This is from the International Code of Signals.

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AL means I have a doctor on board.

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Like a flight surgeon except on the seas.

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Yeah.

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And then ED means your distress signal is understood.

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ED1 means nearest life saving station is being informed.

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So there's all kinds of different combinations and it was actually kind of fun to read through.

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If anyone's interested, they should check it out.

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Do you think that they all all sailors have this memorized?

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I see they have the labels here with their.

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Yeah, I can't imagine that that's possible.

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The amount like like I was saying, it's not a super long document, but it's just packed

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full with different letter combinations.

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So I notice they have multiple of each one of these.

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We need another S playing Scrabble.

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Yeah, a dire situation.

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We're out of this.

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Get a white flag.

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Put some blue across the center.

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But that's all.

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Yeah, that's all I got for signal flags.

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I could go more into that, but I didn't want to take up a bunch of time trying to describe

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it.

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I really like this.

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So yeah, check out our YouTube to see what the flags look like because they're pretty

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cool and they're all very distinct.

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Obviously, they have to be.

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All right, let's move on.

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The lighthouse today will be taking us to the highlands of.

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Let me check.

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I know I want to say Navy sink, which I think is an acceptable pronunciation.

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But then I saw a video from somebody who actually lived in New Jersey and it's.

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Wait, go to New Jersey again.

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It's Navy sink.

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Yeah, we're in New Jersey.

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We're facing the New York Harbor again.

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OK, we're four miles away from Sandy Hook.

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So this is actually a very well known lighthouse.

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You will have seen it because the United States Lighthouse Society sent an email and it was

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one of the topics.

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Oh, cool.

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Nice.

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Yeah, yeah, cool.

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Jersey Shore, sick, sick, sick, sick.

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OK, so it's Navy sink, I think.

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I want to say Navis Inc, but I think it's Navy sink.

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But it overlooks the entrance to New York Bay.

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It's in New Jersey and the lighthouse we're covering is Navy sink lighthouse or twin lights.

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I have a picture, which is abnormal for me.

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I usually avoid showing.

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Oh, cool.

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Isn't that so cool?

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Very castle like the towers are different shapes.

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Is this near a military academy?

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I have no idea.

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Continue.

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It looks a lot like there's a symbol for the Army Corps of Engineers.

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Oh, that looks a lot like this.

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I think we should look it up.

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OK, but I'm going to throw you off.

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We'll do it later.

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Yeah.

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So the highlands of Navis Inc, as you can decipher from the name, is that it's highland.

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And so since it was elevated, it's been used often in observing traffic into the harbor.

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So like all far in the past.

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I have a picture of where we are looking.

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So we got New York to the north.

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Sandy Hook is on the end of that Gateway National Recreational Area.

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We're pretty close to another lighthouse.

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That one came shortly before this one.

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And actually, it said that there's some evidence that there was a light built on Navis Inc

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at the same time as Sandy Hook Lighthouse was built in 1764.

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So a long time ago.

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But the evidence is not like super clear, so they don't make it official.

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So the Navis Inc Lighthouse that was built in 1828 is considered the first instead of

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suspecting that it was earlier.

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So from this site, you can see all the way across to New York.

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Yes.

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I wish I had taken maybe I'll insert.

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Maybe I'll send you a picture to insert.

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But there's a picture of the view from the tower.

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And it's pretty cool.

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Cool.

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A lot of buildings.

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The first lighthouse in 1828 was a pair of rebel stone towers instead of one on the summit,

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which was like a special thing.

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And it was actually the one of only seven US stations to have two lighthouses.

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There were 320 feet apart and 43 feet tall.

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Here's a really old is an etching, I think.

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But it shows the two towers and they're not connected.

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I don't think they're also at different elevations.

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Slightly.

263
00:11:21,360 --> 00:11:22,360
Yeah.

264
00:11:22,360 --> 00:11:23,360
There's a North Tower and a South Tower.

265
00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:27,560
And I think even today, I think one of them slightly taller, but they're also closer together.

266
00:11:27,560 --> 00:11:31,840
So I think the difference was a lot less noticeable.

267
00:11:31,840 --> 00:11:35,400
Or maybe whoever etched this was just not very accurate.

268
00:11:35,400 --> 00:11:40,700
Maybe they were closer to this other chair they were sitting on was not level.

269
00:11:40,700 --> 00:11:44,000
So there was a dwelling that was built in the middle of the two towers and the station

270
00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:46,960
cost a little over $10,000 to build.

271
00:11:46,960 --> 00:11:50,480
The North Tower had a fixed white light and South had a flashing white light and this

272
00:11:50,480 --> 00:11:55,200
pattern would continue for as long as they were in service.

273
00:11:55,200 --> 00:11:56,200
Awesome.

274
00:11:56,200 --> 00:11:57,200
That's cool.

275
00:11:57,200 --> 00:12:03,840
In 1838, Commodore Matthew C. Perry and Matthew Perry is the name of that guy who was in France,

276
00:12:03,840 --> 00:12:04,840
Chandler.

277
00:12:04,840 --> 00:12:05,840
Rip.

278
00:12:05,840 --> 00:12:07,840
I just read it and I was like, Matthew Perry.

279
00:12:07,840 --> 00:12:09,440
He passed away, right?

280
00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:10,440
Yeah.

281
00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:14,800
This Matthew Perry, Commodore was sent to England and France to see how Fresnel lenses

282
00:12:14,800 --> 00:12:18,960
were looking because I need to cover the history of Fresnel lenses.

283
00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:25,040
I talked about him briefly, I think in the second episode, but France was the one who

284
00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:26,800
invented them.

285
00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:29,040
Augustine Fresnel, I think.

286
00:12:29,040 --> 00:12:30,040
You could tell me on that.

287
00:12:30,040 --> 00:12:31,040
Okay.

288
00:12:31,040 --> 00:12:33,040
I'll leave it at that.

289
00:12:33,040 --> 00:12:37,280
The US took a long time to adopt the Fresnel lens.

290
00:12:37,280 --> 00:12:41,400
Apparently it was something about the guy, what was his name?

291
00:12:41,400 --> 00:12:44,360
Pleasanton, Stephen Pleasanton.

292
00:12:44,360 --> 00:12:46,360
Apparently it was a little bit negligent in-

293
00:12:46,360 --> 00:12:48,520
He didn't like the French?

294
00:12:48,520 --> 00:12:49,520
I don't know.

295
00:12:49,520 --> 00:12:50,520
Or something.

296
00:12:50,520 --> 00:12:56,520
I didn't look, there's a whole chapter of a paper on it about why he resisted introducing

297
00:12:56,520 --> 00:12:58,880
Fresnel lenses into the United States.

298
00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:00,600
We've talked about Pleasanton before.

299
00:13:00,600 --> 00:13:01,600
Yeah.

300
00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:02,600
He's been mentioned a lot.

301
00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:07,880
He was basically single-handedly running lighthouses in the government for a little

302
00:13:07,880 --> 00:13:08,880
while.

303
00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:09,880
Okay.

304
00:13:09,880 --> 00:13:10,880
Okay.

305
00:13:10,880 --> 00:13:12,680
So, he went over there.

306
00:13:12,680 --> 00:13:18,440
First lens in France was installed in a lighthouse in 1823.

307
00:13:18,440 --> 00:13:23,440
So Matthew Perry was over there 15 years later to go see how things were going.

308
00:13:23,440 --> 00:13:29,960
But France had all of their lighthouses with a Fresnel lens within three years of when

309
00:13:29,960 --> 00:13:31,440
he first put this-

310
00:13:31,440 --> 00:13:33,880
So they proved it and started spending them out.

311
00:13:33,880 --> 00:13:34,880
Yeah.

312
00:13:34,880 --> 00:13:39,120
So the entire country had Fresnel lenses before, within three years.

313
00:13:39,120 --> 00:13:43,280
And then it took us 12 years after that to come and be like, how do they look?

314
00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:44,280
It's like exceptional.

315
00:13:44,280 --> 00:13:45,280
That's so funny.

316
00:13:45,280 --> 00:13:52,560
I hear a word of the Fresnel lens and they're like, oh no, no, no, it's Fresnel.

317
00:13:52,560 --> 00:13:57,000
Although the pronunciation has shown us many different things in many different locations.

318
00:13:57,000 --> 00:14:02,040
So I'm sure no matter how you say it, it's probably got some truth.

319
00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:03,040
I'd like someone to tell me-

320
00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:04,040
No one's wrong.

321
00:14:04,040 --> 00:14:09,040
So I'd like someone to tell me exactly how to pronounce it.

322
00:14:09,040 --> 00:14:13,200
A lot of places say this or that, or they say it's this.

323
00:14:13,200 --> 00:14:17,480
And I had never used that.

324
00:14:17,480 --> 00:14:22,240
There needs to be some definite- someone needs to decide.

325
00:14:22,240 --> 00:14:23,240
Okay.

326
00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:27,960
But anyway, I made a note that the first lens that they installed in France was in a lighthouse

327
00:14:27,960 --> 00:14:31,880
that was supposed to show the grandeur of France.

328
00:14:31,880 --> 00:14:35,920
Like be like, oh, when you come into Harbor or wherever it was.

329
00:14:35,920 --> 00:14:39,920
And it also had a apartment in it for the king.

330
00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:42,560
Like that's how fancy it was is the king can stay there.

331
00:14:42,560 --> 00:14:43,560
That's awesome.

332
00:14:43,560 --> 00:14:44,560
Anyway, that one.

333
00:14:44,560 --> 00:14:47,000
Yeah, maybe that one should that one will be on my list.

334
00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:48,000
The French.

335
00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:49,240
I'm sure it has a lot of super cool history.

336
00:14:49,240 --> 00:14:54,040
But anyway, we're talking about Navy sync and this lighthouse was sort of a guinea pig

337
00:14:54,040 --> 00:14:59,400
throughout its entire history for new tech, like testing new tech.

338
00:14:59,400 --> 00:15:03,560
And was the first lighthouse in the U S to have a Fresnel lens in 1841.

339
00:15:03,560 --> 00:15:05,640
It's early year.

340
00:15:05,640 --> 00:15:06,640
It's an early year.

341
00:15:06,640 --> 00:15:07,640
I mean for us.

342
00:15:07,640 --> 00:15:08,640
I don't know.

343
00:15:08,640 --> 00:15:15,160
Well, it was the first so early compared to all the other lighthouses.

344
00:15:15,160 --> 00:15:19,080
The team that's going to win the game will have the most points.

345
00:15:19,080 --> 00:15:23,920
Vince isn't listening to me because he's making faces at the cat is staring at me in a way

346
00:15:23,920 --> 00:15:26,000
that he's never stared at me in his whole life.

347
00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:31,960
Honestly, I think he's just zoned out and you happen to be the topic of his eyes are

348
00:15:31,960 --> 00:15:32,960
tracking me.

349
00:15:32,960 --> 00:15:35,840
Oh, interesting.

350
00:15:35,840 --> 00:15:38,880
He does seem to be staring like having an episode.

351
00:15:38,880 --> 00:15:39,880
Okay.

352
00:15:39,880 --> 00:15:44,000
So Stephen Pleasanton, which I put on here, who was in charge of US lighthouses at the

353
00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:51,120
time said, quote, upon a rough estimate of the cost of these two sets of lenticular apparatus

354
00:15:51,120 --> 00:15:56,080
of also because there's two towers and they both got Fresnel lenses.

355
00:15:56,080 --> 00:15:57,880
So it's like really expensive.

356
00:15:57,880 --> 00:16:04,120
Sorry, I interrupted his quote of the first and second order put and putting them up upon

357
00:16:04,120 --> 00:16:05,820
two lighthouses already built.

358
00:16:05,820 --> 00:16:09,520
It appears to be between twenty three thousand and twenty four thousand dollars, which at

359
00:16:09,520 --> 00:16:13,160
the time was like almost nine hundred thousand dollars.

360
00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:17,640
So honestly, not as expensive as I would think.

361
00:16:17,640 --> 00:16:22,960
Because I really need to do an episode that just talks about the history of finances because

362
00:16:22,960 --> 00:16:30,240
there was only one glass supplier in France that could make prisms close to the quality

363
00:16:30,240 --> 00:16:33,280
that was required for these lenses.

364
00:16:33,280 --> 00:16:37,360
And often there were small imperfections.

365
00:16:37,360 --> 00:16:43,080
And so they had to like, like it took them two years to make the first lens of just working

366
00:16:43,080 --> 00:16:46,720
on this polishing the prisms and having to redo pieces.

367
00:16:46,720 --> 00:16:48,520
And all of that stuff.

368
00:16:48,520 --> 00:16:51,000
Anyway, I interrupted his quote again.

369
00:16:51,000 --> 00:16:54,720
The cost of these lenses, however, is nothing compared to the beauty and excellence of the

370
00:16:54,720 --> 00:16:56,520
light they afford.

371
00:16:56,520 --> 00:17:01,080
They appear to be the perfection of apparatus for lighthouse purposes, having in view only

372
00:17:01,080 --> 00:17:05,680
the superiority of the light, which is reported by the pilots to be seen in clear weather,

373
00:17:05,680 --> 00:17:07,720
a distance of 40 miles.

374
00:17:07,720 --> 00:17:08,720
End quote.

375
00:17:08,720 --> 00:17:09,720
That's crazy.

376
00:17:09,720 --> 00:17:14,360
And for this lighthouse later, they talk about you can see the hint of the light of this

377
00:17:14,360 --> 00:17:18,800
lens on clouds at night from over 70 miles away.

378
00:17:18,800 --> 00:17:19,800
So it was insane.

379
00:17:19,800 --> 00:17:24,440
I'll have to talk about it because there's they install a Fresnel lens in here.

380
00:17:24,440 --> 00:17:26,960
That's just like the most powerful there's ever been.

381
00:17:26,960 --> 00:17:29,960
OK, I'll continue.

382
00:17:29,960 --> 00:17:31,420
I'm all over.

383
00:17:31,420 --> 00:17:37,000
So in 1857, Navis Inc. was found to be in considerable disrepair.

384
00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:38,000
Here we go again.

385
00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:39,560
Wait, 17 years later?

386
00:17:39,560 --> 00:17:40,560
Yes.

387
00:17:40,560 --> 00:17:44,560
And then because it was rubble stone, anything that was made with rubble stone usually goes

388
00:17:44,560 --> 00:17:45,560
to crap.

389
00:17:45,560 --> 00:17:46,560
Rubble.

390
00:17:46,560 --> 00:17:47,560
Yeah.

391
00:17:47,560 --> 00:17:52,040
And also, I think the weight of these Fresnel lenses were not accounted for in their construction.

392
00:17:52,040 --> 00:17:58,440
Obviously, why would you plan on having literal tons of glass and brass at the top?

393
00:17:58,440 --> 00:17:59,560
Like it just doesn't.

394
00:17:59,560 --> 00:18:00,560
It wouldn't.

395
00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:02,880
Something they wouldn't take into consideration.

396
00:18:02,880 --> 00:18:10,120
So in 1860, Congress appropriated almost seventy three thousand dollars to rebuild them.

397
00:18:10,120 --> 00:18:13,000
Seventy three thousand dollars in 1860.

398
00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:14,000
What is that?

399
00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:15,840
Like over two million dollars.

400
00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:16,960
I don't know.

401
00:18:16,960 --> 00:18:20,840
So they went all out, you know, because they had a large budget.

402
00:18:20,840 --> 00:18:21,840
Cool.

403
00:18:21,840 --> 00:18:23,800
The ones that were built in 18.

404
00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:29,080
I think they're finished 1862 are the ones that we have today.

405
00:18:29,080 --> 00:18:30,440
So super old.

406
00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:31,440
That's awesome.

407
00:18:31,440 --> 00:18:32,440
Really neat.

408
00:18:32,440 --> 00:18:36,160
I have an old picture of them pulled up, but the plans were very castle like with the North

409
00:18:36,160 --> 00:18:38,160
Tower octagonal and the South Square.

410
00:18:38,160 --> 00:18:43,760
They're made of brownstone and connected by wings with a two story headkeeper slash first

411
00:18:43,760 --> 00:18:46,000
assistant living space in the middle.

412
00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:50,480
And then the second and third assistant had living areas somewhere in between.

413
00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:53,840
I couldn't really figure out if these two little knobs sticking out.

414
00:18:53,840 --> 00:18:58,880
But I don't think so because I'll pull up plans like architectural plans.

415
00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:02,640
And it's it doesn't really mention anywhere second and third assistant living.

416
00:19:02,640 --> 00:19:06,640
It just seems to be headkeeper and first assistant.

417
00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:08,320
What's that building in the back left image?

418
00:19:08,320 --> 00:19:10,200
It just looks like a wall kind of.

419
00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:11,920
There's not one on that side, though.

420
00:19:11,920 --> 00:19:12,920
Oh, interesting.

421
00:19:12,920 --> 00:19:14,640
Maybe that's a living court.

422
00:19:14,640 --> 00:19:20,000
Oh, generator, which is part of the future for Nellyn's installation I was talking about.

423
00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:22,000
Yeah, that comes a little bit later.

424
00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:29,800
OK, so this is the second story of the assistant or them, the keepers house.

425
00:19:29,800 --> 00:19:32,520
And so that's also the so there's all this.

426
00:19:32,520 --> 00:19:36,920
Assistant's bedroom workshop, principal keeper versus.

427
00:19:36,920 --> 00:19:43,040
OK, so second and third assistants had a very small living space right next to the workshop

428
00:19:43,040 --> 00:19:45,120
in the oil room for each tower.

429
00:19:45,120 --> 00:19:47,080
OK, so that makes sense.

430
00:19:47,080 --> 00:19:49,400
That checks out with my sources.

431
00:19:49,400 --> 00:19:54,720
So what is a chamber in comparison to a part or a bedroom?

432
00:19:54,720 --> 00:19:55,720
There's one bedroom.

433
00:19:55,720 --> 00:19:56,720
Oh, yeah.

434
00:19:56,720 --> 00:19:57,720
Bedroom, maybe a chamber.

435
00:19:57,720 --> 00:20:00,040
A chamber has a fireplace.

436
00:20:00,040 --> 00:20:01,040
Sitting room.

437
00:20:01,040 --> 00:20:02,040
I don't know.

438
00:20:02,040 --> 00:20:03,840
It would be a lot fancier than we are now.

439
00:20:03,840 --> 00:20:04,840
Really cool.

440
00:20:04,840 --> 00:20:06,340
Lots of places to entertain people.

441
00:20:06,340 --> 00:20:08,160
And now we're like, come hang out in my living room.

442
00:20:08,160 --> 00:20:11,240
I like that they have the hallway is a passage.

443
00:20:11,240 --> 00:20:13,840
Yeah, passage all the way from one tower to the other.

444
00:20:13,840 --> 00:20:14,840
It's so cool.

445
00:20:14,840 --> 00:20:15,840
This is really neat.

446
00:20:15,840 --> 00:20:20,720
Also crazy that the USLHS has access to these super old.

447
00:20:20,720 --> 00:20:26,160
We're talking mid eighteen hundreds and it's just we have scans of them.

448
00:20:26,160 --> 00:20:28,800
What the drafting that went into making this by hand?

449
00:20:28,800 --> 00:20:30,280
Yeah, it's really interesting.

450
00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:32,160
This of straight edges.

451
00:20:32,160 --> 00:20:36,640
So each tower got a first order for Netherlands, making it the most powerful lighthouse in

452
00:20:36,640 --> 00:20:40,760
the US at the time, because originally they had a first order and a second order.

453
00:20:40,760 --> 00:20:42,880
So one tower had first order.

454
00:20:42,880 --> 00:20:45,280
I think South Tower had second order.

455
00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:48,600
And then when they got rebuilt, they did two first order lenses.

456
00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:53,800
And when the new lighthouse was first lit in 1862, it burned lard oil, but the US began

457
00:20:53,800 --> 00:20:55,320
testing mineral oil.

458
00:20:55,320 --> 00:20:59,720
And so Navis Inc became the first US lighthouse to burn it in a first order lens in the South

459
00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:00,720
Tower in 1883.

460
00:21:00,720 --> 00:21:06,160
So there's tons of I'll continue, but there's tons of firsts at this lighthouse.

461
00:21:06,160 --> 00:21:11,640
They actually used it as a guinea pig style lighthouse for the rest of lighthouses in

462
00:21:11,640 --> 00:21:12,640
the US.

463
00:21:12,640 --> 00:21:13,640
That's really cool.

464
00:21:13,640 --> 00:21:14,640
Oh, and it was 73 feet tall.

465
00:21:14,640 --> 00:21:16,360
They did a lot of this is incredible.

466
00:21:16,360 --> 00:21:18,320
A lot of really good work out here.

467
00:21:18,320 --> 00:21:19,320
Yeah.

468
00:21:19,320 --> 00:21:20,320
Well documented.

469
00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:23,360
So clear to you think it would be really beat up by this point, but they took care of it.

470
00:21:23,360 --> 00:21:25,360
You can see where it was folded.

471
00:21:25,360 --> 00:21:30,440
All right, so the world's Columbian exposition is the next thing I'm going to talk about.

472
00:21:30,440 --> 00:21:35,880
This is where our enormous, very powerful Fresnel lens came from.

473
00:21:35,880 --> 00:21:41,000
So it was held in Chicago in 1893 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Columbus's landing

474
00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:43,520
in the new world, quote unquote.

475
00:21:43,520 --> 00:21:51,080
The French Lighthouse Board came to this exposition and brought with them a colossal bivalve lens

476
00:21:51,080 --> 00:21:52,320
along with other innovations.

477
00:21:52,320 --> 00:21:57,440
So it was kind of like you walk around and kind of take a look at what other countries

478
00:21:57,440 --> 00:22:00,400
are doing and all their innovations stuff.

479
00:22:00,400 --> 00:22:07,720
They didn't want to ship this humongous lens back to France because it was 10 tons just

480
00:22:07,720 --> 00:22:09,240
by itself.

481
00:22:09,240 --> 00:22:12,480
And so they convinced the US to purchase it.

482
00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:13,480
What a sale.

483
00:22:13,480 --> 00:22:16,360
They're like, hey, you know, this is pretty cool.

484
00:22:16,360 --> 00:22:20,360
I have a picture of it because they installed it in a museum in 1951.

485
00:22:20,360 --> 00:22:22,720
The Coast Guard did and it's insane.

486
00:22:22,720 --> 00:22:24,200
So I'll show you a picture.

487
00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:28,080
It was originally designed for Fire Island Lighthouse, which is interesting that it says

488
00:22:28,080 --> 00:22:33,440
that because why would they need to convince the US to purchase it if it was already destined

489
00:22:33,440 --> 00:22:35,800
for somewhere in the US?

490
00:22:35,800 --> 00:22:37,960
Fire Island is it's also in New York.

491
00:22:37,960 --> 00:22:44,200
It looks a little bit like Body Island Lighthouse, like stripey, 168 feet tall, so very tall.

492
00:22:44,200 --> 00:22:46,280
Maybe they just didn't want to move it up that far.

493
00:22:46,280 --> 00:22:49,200
So they chose our little more squat lighthouse.

494
00:22:49,200 --> 00:22:53,240
I didn't look I didn't see an explanation for that, but they installed it in the South

495
00:22:53,240 --> 00:22:55,400
Tower of Navis Inc.

496
00:22:55,400 --> 00:23:01,640
But the lens was made for an electric arc lamp, which is not something that like electricity

497
00:23:01,640 --> 00:23:04,560
was not was not at the lighthouse at that time.

498
00:23:04,560 --> 00:23:08,760
So they built that generator building that I was talking about at the station and the

499
00:23:08,760 --> 00:23:14,160
South Tower was lit with the 10 ton lens in 1898, making it the first coastal light to

500
00:23:14,160 --> 00:23:15,160
use electricity.

501
00:23:15,160 --> 00:23:18,560
Look at the size of that.

502
00:23:18,560 --> 00:23:20,240
Nice clamshell lens.

503
00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:21,240
That's crazy.

504
00:23:21,240 --> 00:23:22,240
Very fancy.

505
00:23:22,240 --> 00:23:23,240
Very cool.

506
00:23:23,240 --> 00:23:28,440
The lens itself was so powerful that they had to install protective paneling because

507
00:23:28,440 --> 00:23:33,760
the residents nearby said they couldn't sleep, that their chickens were not laying eggs,

508
00:23:33,760 --> 00:23:37,400
and that cows were not producing milk anywhere.

509
00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:41,920
This was 25 million candle power.

510
00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:45,960
And for reference, the first order lens that they had before this was 8000.

511
00:23:45,960 --> 00:23:49,880
8000 to 25 million candle power.

512
00:23:49,880 --> 00:23:51,080
So crazy.

513
00:23:51,080 --> 00:23:55,880
One because of the size of this and also because they started using this arc lamp.

514
00:23:55,880 --> 00:23:58,560
What style is this again?

515
00:23:58,560 --> 00:24:01,160
This is clamshell or a bivalve.

516
00:24:01,160 --> 00:24:02,160
That's nuts.

517
00:24:02,160 --> 00:24:04,760
Yeah, that's I want to see it.

518
00:24:04,760 --> 00:24:05,760
It's like eight feet tall.

519
00:24:05,760 --> 00:24:08,520
It's got to look at that guy.

520
00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:13,240
Imagine he's six feet tall, but still like two of him tall, probably 10 feet tall.

521
00:24:13,240 --> 00:24:17,560
The keepers to be around this to do anything with it while it's lit, they had to wear eye

522
00:24:17,560 --> 00:24:20,120
protection that was similar to welder's goggles.

523
00:24:20,120 --> 00:24:23,640
That's so cool.

524
00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:29,040
Here's another picture they posted 1898 in the Scientific American kind of showing I

525
00:24:29,040 --> 00:24:31,420
had never seen what an arc lamp looked like.

526
00:24:31,420 --> 00:24:34,040
And so they have a drawing of it in here.

527
00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:36,320
Maybe a patent that we should go look at eventually.

528
00:24:36,320 --> 00:24:37,320
Yeah, that's awesome.

529
00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:41,360
But it looks like it would be crazy to install.

530
00:24:41,360 --> 00:24:43,440
And giant electrodes.

531
00:24:43,440 --> 00:24:45,120
Yeah, there's a guy standing next to it.

532
00:24:45,120 --> 00:24:48,040
This one says 90 million counter candle power.

533
00:24:48,040 --> 00:24:53,080
So there's some difference on the 90 million.

534
00:24:53,080 --> 00:24:54,080
Where are you seeing that?

535
00:24:54,080 --> 00:24:55,080
Oh, candle power.

536
00:24:55,080 --> 00:24:56,080
So I don't know.

537
00:24:56,080 --> 00:24:57,080
Interesting.

538
00:24:57,080 --> 00:25:00,140
There's some variation in intensity of the power.

539
00:25:00,140 --> 00:25:04,680
But regardless, this was obviously very cool.

540
00:25:04,680 --> 00:25:07,360
The most powerful kind of a big deal.

541
00:25:07,360 --> 00:25:08,360
Yeah.

542
00:25:08,360 --> 00:25:11,640
And then shortly after that, the North Tower discontinued use, obviously, because it was

543
00:25:11,640 --> 00:25:15,560
severely overpowered by this South Tower.

544
00:25:15,560 --> 00:25:19,480
But it was used as a back up in case South, the South one failed because electricity at

545
00:25:19,480 --> 00:25:21,240
that time wasn't super reliable.

546
00:25:21,240 --> 00:25:24,720
So if that ever went down, they had old reliable.

547
00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:29,000
The generator was added at that time.

548
00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:31,080
Yeah, so that they could power the arc lamp.

549
00:25:31,080 --> 00:25:36,240
So in 1899, the first wireless telegraph antenna was installed at the station.

550
00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:37,560
We got another first.

551
00:25:37,560 --> 00:25:40,900
In 1917, the generator was about to kick the bucket.

552
00:25:40,900 --> 00:25:42,900
So they changed.

553
00:25:42,900 --> 00:25:45,920
I just read that straight from my notes.

554
00:25:45,920 --> 00:25:48,120
I don't remember saying that.

555
00:25:48,120 --> 00:25:54,480
So they changed to an incandescent oil vapor, dropping the light to 710,000 candle power,

556
00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:56,320
which is still pretty powerful.

557
00:25:56,320 --> 00:26:01,080
And seven years later changed to incandescent bulbs, which raised it again to nine million

558
00:26:01,080 --> 00:26:02,560
counter candle power.

559
00:26:02,560 --> 00:26:06,280
So we never really got the power that we had with the arc lamp.

560
00:26:06,280 --> 00:26:11,620
But I'm sure there were some humongous downsides to using that lamp that they would change

561
00:26:11,620 --> 00:26:13,200
to just regular bulbs.

562
00:26:13,200 --> 00:26:18,880
Well, so this I'm supposing, I think the arc lamp assembly we're looking at.

563
00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:21,560
Those two things that are facing each other are the electrodes.

564
00:26:21,560 --> 00:26:22,560
Yeah.

565
00:26:22,560 --> 00:26:24,520
So they degrade a little over time.

566
00:26:24,520 --> 00:26:25,520
Yeah.

567
00:26:25,520 --> 00:26:30,920
But if you have an arc, like if you have static electricity, get close to a little jump, if

568
00:26:30,920 --> 00:26:33,320
you're in the dark, it will actually light up.

569
00:26:33,320 --> 00:26:38,120
That's tiny, tiny amounts of current.

570
00:26:38,120 --> 00:26:39,600
And these electrodes are enormous.

571
00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:43,200
This is the same concept as a spark plug we talked about before.

572
00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:44,200
Yeah.

573
00:26:44,200 --> 00:26:45,200
Where there's a gap.

574
00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:48,920
So that arc that travels across is the ignition in a cylinder.

575
00:26:48,920 --> 00:26:56,760
But if that to scale, if that applies to scale, that would be like a brilliant lightning bolt.

576
00:26:56,760 --> 00:26:59,240
Yeah, it'd be like painful to look at.

577
00:26:59,240 --> 00:27:00,240
I don't think you could.

578
00:27:00,240 --> 00:27:01,240
Hence the welder's goggles.

579
00:27:01,240 --> 00:27:02,240
I don't think you could.

580
00:27:02,240 --> 00:27:03,680
That's good.

581
00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:04,680
That's so cool.

582
00:27:04,680 --> 00:27:05,680
I've never even heard of this before.

583
00:27:05,680 --> 00:27:07,560
Well, you need to look deeper into it.

584
00:27:07,560 --> 00:27:13,200
Oh, it says the theoretical luminous range of this giant lens in clear weather is 146.9

585
00:27:13,200 --> 00:27:14,200
nautical miles.

586
00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:15,200
Theoretical, of course.

587
00:27:15,200 --> 00:27:20,200
You know, someone's doing that math a couple of times.

588
00:27:20,200 --> 00:27:22,960
Like, yeah, like, no, that's not right.

589
00:27:22,960 --> 00:27:25,320
Is there, is this exhibited anywhere today?

590
00:27:25,320 --> 00:27:27,520
I'm not sure.

591
00:27:27,520 --> 00:27:29,800
It would be really, even if it wasn't power on.

592
00:27:29,800 --> 00:27:33,920
Yeah, or even an example of what it would have looked like at that time, because this

593
00:27:33,920 --> 00:27:34,920
is just a drawing.

594
00:27:34,920 --> 00:27:35,920
Super cool.

595
00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:36,920
So you said halogen lights?

596
00:27:36,920 --> 00:27:37,920
Incandescent.

597
00:27:37,920 --> 00:27:38,920
That's right.

598
00:27:38,920 --> 00:27:39,920
Yeah.

599
00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:45,840
In the same year, the first experimental radio beacon was established with the light.

600
00:27:45,840 --> 00:27:48,680
So tech, new tech everywhere.

601
00:27:48,680 --> 00:27:53,080
World War II followed after that, and the light was reduced again to comply with blackouts.

602
00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:56,480
And the lighthouse also served as location for the United States first experiments with

603
00:27:56,480 --> 00:28:03,640
radar, which was called the mystery ray in local papers because it was not public information.

604
00:28:03,640 --> 00:28:06,040
So people saw it and they're like, what is that?

605
00:28:06,040 --> 00:28:09,160
Like, if you know, if you look at satellite right now, it's like it would look like a

606
00:28:09,160 --> 00:28:10,720
ray gun.

607
00:28:10,720 --> 00:28:15,240
1949, the lighthouse was extinguished.

608
00:28:15,240 --> 00:28:19,320
A minor optic installed outside the lantern room while the lens was dismantled and taken

609
00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:24,560
to the Boston Museum of Science, which is where we saw that picture beforehand with

610
00:28:24,560 --> 00:28:25,560
the two guys.

611
00:28:25,560 --> 00:28:31,080
The state of New Jersey has had ownership of the light since 1962 and the State Park

612
00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:37,480
Service Twin Lights Historical Society and the Rumsome Garden Club raised almost a million

613
00:28:37,480 --> 00:28:38,560
dollars to renovate it.

614
00:28:38,560 --> 00:28:42,640
And I couldn't find out what year that was in that they renovated the lighthouse, but

615
00:28:42,640 --> 00:28:43,640
they fixed it up.

616
00:28:43,640 --> 00:28:47,120
It was looking to be in pretty poor shape again.

617
00:28:47,120 --> 00:28:50,040
And now it's, yeah, really good.

618
00:28:50,040 --> 00:28:53,340
Today they have a museum where you can see the original clamshell lens.

619
00:28:53,340 --> 00:28:57,080
They bought it back from that museum for $5,000.

620
00:28:57,080 --> 00:28:59,120
I was like, $5,000?

621
00:28:59,120 --> 00:29:00,120
Yeah.

622
00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:05,480
Even if that was shortly after it was acquired in like 1960 something, I feel like that would

623
00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:07,480
be or no, 1950.

624
00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:11,560
I feel like $5,000 still would be pretty cheap.

625
00:29:11,560 --> 00:29:13,840
I think it's a show of respect.

626
00:29:13,840 --> 00:29:14,840
Yeah.

627
00:29:14,840 --> 00:29:15,840
I don't think it's a market price.

628
00:29:15,840 --> 00:29:16,840
Okay.

629
00:29:16,840 --> 00:29:17,840
So they're not like trying to make a profit.

630
00:29:17,840 --> 00:29:20,200
I don't think they had it for sale for anybody for five grand.

631
00:29:20,200 --> 00:29:21,680
Maybe that was just like moving costs.

632
00:29:21,680 --> 00:29:24,960
They were like, if you want it, you just move it over there.

633
00:29:24,960 --> 00:29:28,640
And you can also go and climb the North Tower and see it's sixth order lens.

634
00:29:28,640 --> 00:29:31,640
Because right now it has a little lens in the North Tower.

635
00:29:31,640 --> 00:29:36,560
Climbing is $5 and $12 for a private guided tour that includes both towers.

636
00:29:36,560 --> 00:29:39,320
So if you pay for a private tour, then you can see both.

637
00:29:39,320 --> 00:29:44,720
But normally it's only the North Tower and the grounds are free so you can go there at

638
00:29:44,720 --> 00:29:45,720
any time.

639
00:29:45,720 --> 00:29:48,320
On off season climbing the North Tower is free.

640
00:29:48,320 --> 00:29:50,280
And off season, of course, is just like winter.

641
00:29:50,280 --> 00:29:51,280
Cold.

642
00:29:51,280 --> 00:29:52,280
It's a little chilly.

643
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:54,040
It gets pretty cold up there.

644
00:29:54,040 --> 00:29:56,960
How far is this from Atlantic City?

645
00:29:56,960 --> 00:29:58,320
Just because we covered Epsicon light.

646
00:29:58,320 --> 00:29:59,320
Because they're both New Jersey.

647
00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:01,320
It's not that big of a state.

648
00:30:01,320 --> 00:30:02,320
Yeah.

649
00:30:02,320 --> 00:30:03,320
Epsicon.

650
00:30:03,320 --> 00:30:04,320
No.

651
00:30:04,320 --> 00:30:05,320
Okay.

652
00:30:05,320 --> 00:30:07,760
It's only an hour and 45 minute drive.

653
00:30:07,760 --> 00:30:09,320
So like the whole state.

654
00:30:09,320 --> 00:30:10,320
Yeah.

655
00:30:10,320 --> 00:30:11,320
Yeah.

656
00:30:11,320 --> 00:30:14,280
It's a large majority of the coastline you'd have to drive by.

657
00:30:14,280 --> 00:30:15,280
It's funny.

658
00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:16,280
Yeah.

659
00:30:16,280 --> 00:30:18,920
Because this is the top right next to New York and yours is kind of towards the bottom.

660
00:30:18,920 --> 00:30:19,920
One more thing.

661
00:30:19,920 --> 00:30:21,040
If you would please look it up for me.

662
00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:22,040
Oh sure.

663
00:30:22,040 --> 00:30:25,800
Is the Army Corps of Engineers symbol.

664
00:30:25,800 --> 00:30:28,240
Like where it comes from.

665
00:30:28,240 --> 00:30:31,480
It's probably not this but it looks kind of castle like.

666
00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:32,480
Yeah you're right.

667
00:30:32,480 --> 00:30:34,880
Let me pull it up on the screen.

668
00:30:34,880 --> 00:30:36,360
A guy who sat next to me.

669
00:30:36,360 --> 00:30:38,600
A P1 group.

670
00:30:38,600 --> 00:30:41,600
Army Corps of Engineer veteran I suppose is the word.

671
00:30:41,600 --> 00:30:42,600
Cool dude.

672
00:30:42,600 --> 00:30:43,600
Smart dude.

673
00:30:43,600 --> 00:30:44,600
I was zoomed in and now I'm all over the place.

674
00:30:44,600 --> 00:30:45,600
It's probably not the same.

675
00:30:45,600 --> 00:30:47,200
Looks like a castle though.

676
00:30:47,200 --> 00:30:48,200
Yeah.

677
00:30:48,200 --> 00:30:49,200
It's definitely castle like.

678
00:30:49,200 --> 00:30:50,200
Cool.

679
00:30:50,200 --> 00:30:51,800
This picture I found online.

680
00:30:51,800 --> 00:30:54,280
It's everyone should go to our YouTube.

681
00:30:54,280 --> 00:30:56,440
I'll also have it on our Instagram.

682
00:30:56,440 --> 00:30:57,740
So if you want to go check it out.

683
00:30:57,740 --> 00:31:01,840
It's a picture of the two lights at night and one of them looks like there's a Christmas

684
00:31:01,840 --> 00:31:02,840
tree in it.

685
00:31:02,840 --> 00:31:05,960
I was like what is this?

686
00:31:05,960 --> 00:31:08,460
Little South Towers got a Christmas tree.

687
00:31:08,460 --> 00:31:13,500
So I looked it up and they do in fact have a Christmas tree.

688
00:31:13,500 --> 00:31:18,000
Not an actual Christmas tree but like they hang lights to appear like a Christmas tree.

689
00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:22,640
All the way from like late November to like the end of winter.

690
00:31:22,640 --> 00:31:24,160
So I looked into that.

691
00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:28,280
There's some stories about it but I figure I'll cover this in part two of our Christmas

692
00:31:28,280 --> 00:31:31,280
at Lighthouse episode when it gets closer to Christmas.

693
00:31:31,280 --> 00:31:33,920
But I put a little picture here you can see.

694
00:31:33,920 --> 00:31:34,920
That's awesome.

695
00:31:34,920 --> 00:31:36,440
They put a little tree in there.

696
00:31:36,440 --> 00:31:37,440
So cute.

697
00:31:37,440 --> 00:31:39,280
But this lighthouse is so pretty.

698
00:31:39,280 --> 00:31:41,600
I can't believe they put so much effort.

699
00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:45,580
I mean they had a crazy budget but made it very castle like.

700
00:31:45,580 --> 00:31:49,280
Like the top of these lighthouses the what is it called?

701
00:31:49,280 --> 00:31:50,280
Lantern room.

702
00:31:50,280 --> 00:31:53,320
No the top is called like a cupola or something.

703
00:31:53,320 --> 00:31:54,320
Yeah.

704
00:31:54,320 --> 00:31:55,320
Cupola.

705
00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:56,320
Cupola.

706
00:31:56,320 --> 00:31:57,320
It looks like a crown.

707
00:31:57,320 --> 00:31:58,320
Very cool.

708
00:31:58,320 --> 00:31:59,960
That's what I got.

709
00:31:59,960 --> 00:32:03,760
That's Navisink Lighthouse or Twin Lights.

710
00:32:03,760 --> 00:32:04,760
Very cool.

711
00:32:04,760 --> 00:32:06,040
New Jersey crushing it one more time.

712
00:32:06,040 --> 00:32:07,840
I know we keep hitting on New Jersey.

713
00:32:07,840 --> 00:32:09,240
Thank you for listening.

714
00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:14,440
Thank you for two years of Lighthouse Lowdown and following along and thank you to all of

715
00:32:14,440 --> 00:32:17,920
our new listeners for joining and hopefully you enjoyed this episode.

716
00:32:17,920 --> 00:32:23,240
You can check us out on thelighthouselowdown.com where you can watch our YouTube videos.

717
00:32:23,240 --> 00:32:24,760
You can listen to our podcast.

718
00:32:24,760 --> 00:32:29,960
Find out where you can listen to our podcasts because we're on like Spotify and Apple and

719
00:32:29,960 --> 00:32:30,960
all of those.

720
00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:36,020
You can send us an email at thelighthouselowdown.gmail.com if you want to hear the history of a specific

721
00:32:36,020 --> 00:32:42,920
lighthouse and follow us on Instagram at the Lighthouse Lowdown where we post pictures after each

722
00:32:42,920 --> 00:32:46,560
episode of what we were looking at while we were chatting.

723
00:32:46,560 --> 00:32:49,600
And we hope to see you next time.

724
00:32:49,600 --> 00:32:52,600
Oh, la la la.

725
00:32:52,600 --> 00:32:53,600
Very good.

726
00:32:53,600 --> 00:33:17,200
Good day.