Feb. 15, 2026
Cosmic Questions: Dark Energy, Stellar Birth & the Nature of Black Holes
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Sponsor Link:
This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you with the support of NordVPN. When it's time to do something about your online privacy, use the one we trust - NordVPN. To get our special deal visit nordvpn.com/spacenuts
Dark Matter Theories, Solar Origins, and Black Hole Temperatures
In this milestone 600th episode of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson celebrate with a captivating Q&A session, tackling a variety of thought-provoking questions from listeners around the globe. Prepare to dive deep into the mysteries of the universe as they explore intriguing theories and concepts that challenge our understanding of cosmology.
Episode Highlights:
- Dark Matter and Dark Energy: Daryl from South Australia presents a unique theory suggesting a connection between dark matter and dark energy, likening them to opposites with gravitational effects. Andrew and Fred dissect this idea and discuss the fundamental differences between these two cosmic phenomena.
- Where Was the Sun Born? Slaty Bartfast from Norway asks if we could see the Sun's birth by pointing a telescope at its historical coordinates. The hosts explain why this wouldn’t yield any observable results and discuss the concept of solar siblings born in the same gas cloud.
- Black Hole Temperatures: Bjorn from Gothenburg seeks clarification on the temperature of black holes and the material that spirals into them. Andrew and Fred clarify how the extreme heat of accreting material contrasts with the near-absolute zero temperature of the black hole itself.
- The Expansion of Space: Peter from Falun poses a complex question about the nature of space and time in an expanding universe. The hosts unravel the intricacies of how our measurements of distance and time are affected by the universe's expansion.
For more Space Nuts, including our continuously updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, Instagram, and more. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favorite platform.
If you’d like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you with the support of NordVPN. When it's time to do something about your online privacy, use the one we trust - NordVPN. To get our special deal visit nordvpn.com/spacenuts
Dark Matter Theories, Solar Origins, and Black Hole Temperatures
In this milestone 600th episode of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson celebrate with a captivating Q&A session, tackling a variety of thought-provoking questions from listeners around the globe. Prepare to dive deep into the mysteries of the universe as they explore intriguing theories and concepts that challenge our understanding of cosmology.
Episode Highlights:
- Dark Matter and Dark Energy: Daryl from South Australia presents a unique theory suggesting a connection between dark matter and dark energy, likening them to opposites with gravitational effects. Andrew and Fred dissect this idea and discuss the fundamental differences between these two cosmic phenomena.
- Where Was the Sun Born? Slaty Bartfast from Norway asks if we could see the Sun's birth by pointing a telescope at its historical coordinates. The hosts explain why this wouldn’t yield any observable results and discuss the concept of solar siblings born in the same gas cloud.
- Black Hole Temperatures: Bjorn from Gothenburg seeks clarification on the temperature of black holes and the material that spirals into them. Andrew and Fred clarify how the extreme heat of accreting material contrasts with the near-absolute zero temperature of the black hole itself.
- The Expansion of Space: Peter from Falun poses a complex question about the nature of space and time in an expanding universe. The hosts unravel the intricacies of how our measurements of distance and time are affected by the universe's expansion.
For more Space Nuts, including our continuously updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, Instagram, and more. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favorite platform.
If you’d like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
WEBVTT
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Hi there, Thanks for joining us. My name is Andrew
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Dunkley and this is Space Nuts, a Q and A edition.
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It also happens to be our sixth hundredth episode Believe
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it or not. And what are we doing special today? Nothing.
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We're just going to answer audience and well it happens
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so often. Now we're just going to answer audience questions
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and we've got a bunch of them. The question of
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dark matter and dark energy theory has come up again.
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In fact, one of our listeners has come up with
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a theory about dark matter and dark energy theory, so
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we'll investigate that. We also have a question from somebody
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using a very interesting pseudonym finding where our son was born.
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I think we've been down that road before recently. So
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they're revisiting that the temperature of black holes has been
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raised yet again. We talked about that recently, and Peter
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has asked us about the expansion of the universe. That's
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all coming up on this edition of Space Nuts.
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Fifteen, Channel ten nine, Ignition thig one start Space Nuts
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nine or three two more Radio one Space notes asn't
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actually bought it.
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Bill's good once again joining us from the Oh It's
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not the six hundred time because we've had time off,
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so it's probably five hundred and ninety two or something
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like that. Maybe I don't know, maybe a few less.
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But his name is Fred Watson, Professor Fred Watson, in
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fact astronomer at large HIO. Fred. How you doing, Andrew?
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I'm google see you again. Good to see you too.
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Can you believe it's six hundred episodes? My goodness?
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So we because we know have two a week. Ye,
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you've got through one hundred every year, basically, doesn't it?
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Mora where it used to be every couple of years. So, yes,
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we're just moving faster. It's the expansion of the universe
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because it's accelerating. That's a little it is relive relativistic.
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Indeed, let us get straight into our questions because we've
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got a whole bunch of them. Daryl has set us
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in a question today space and that's I've been giving
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dark energy and dark matter some thought. If I've got
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this rise, dark matter pushes the universe apart or away,
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while dark energy attracts or brings stuff together. So could
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dark matter and dark energy be the same thing, but
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have like a north and south pole, I e. Dark
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matter north would be the particle that clumps together, and
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dark energy south would be the particle that pushes outwards,
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creating negative pressure and expanding the universe. Thoughts, now that's
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his question, But he says, by the way, Martin's joke
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about the Ganab Gibb being a lost bg brother made
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me laugh out loud for a couple of minutes. That's
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Daryl from South Australia. Yeah, I thought it was funny too,
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and that's the first time Martin's ever been funny. But no,
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it was a good that was a very good one. Yes,
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so this is an interesting theory as a dark matter,
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say Powell, dark energy North Powell opposite attract type of scenario.
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I don't know what do you think.
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So the issue, Yes, it's a nice thought because that
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you know, we naturally think along those lines when we
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recognize that one of these forces entities pull stuff together
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and the other pushes it apart. And in many ways
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that's the crux of the matter, because the two of
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them are fundamentally different in their in their effect on
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the universe. So dark energy, which comes as a man
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which is manifested to us in the accelerated expansion of
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the universe. That's an energy of space itself, and to
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the best of our ability to determine these things, it
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is isotropic. In other words, it's the same in all directions. Now,
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some people have questioned that, suggesting that maybe you know,
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for all, we are looking at a big chunk of
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the universe with a horizon of thirteen point eight billion
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light years. It may be that that's just a small
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part of the universe and there are other bits where,
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you know, the acceleration is not sorry, the expansion is
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not accelerating, and the two sort of even out. That's
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a caveat that we can't really deal with because with
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no idea what happens beyond the little bubble of the
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universe that we can observe, And certainly it's true within
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that bubble the acceleration is basically or the accelerated sorry,
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the accelerated expansion is basically the same in all directions.
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So it's a property of space itself. It's a fundamental property.
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Whereas dark matter, yes, that's got gravitation and pull stuff in,
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it's definitely clumpy. It actually, well, it follows the visible matter.
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That was the way it was thought to be when
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we first started thinking about dark matter, but now I
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think it's probably the other way around. That the visible
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matter is visible because dark matter acted as a kind
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of scaffolding in the early universe for the gravitational pull
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of dark matter in order to bring the clouds of
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hydrogen together, compress them and make them turn into stars.
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So that's why dark matter and normal matter stick together.
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But they do stick together. And when you know, when
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you observe the universe on the larger scales, we can
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see by for example, gravitational lensing, we can see that
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the dark matter definitely follows the visible matter. So there
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will be places where there's hardly any visible matter and
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there's hardly any dark matter, whereas with the dark energy
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it's everywhere, and so there are fundamental differences between them,
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and I suspect in the end, you know, if we
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were having this conversation in twenty to thirty years time,
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we probably will be actually, But anyway, when we look
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back on this, we might have realized that the dark
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energy is a boson, it's a force particle, whereas dark
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matter is some sort of matter particle made of quarks
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and things of that sort. So probably fundamental differences rather
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than just that sort of the idea that they might
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be the same thing but with a different polarity. I
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don't think the evidence supports that.
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I suppose we could say Daryl's fallen for the naming
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era of these two things, because you've said all along
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that dark energy is poorly named. It's not really the
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right thing to call it.
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Well, neither of them are really, you know, the invisible
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would have been far better, but dark. It's actually Fritz
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Vicki back in nineteen thirty three who labeled this stuff
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dark matter. He didn't what it was, and he said
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there must be something there, which he was calling dark matter,
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that's providing enough of a gravitational attraction to stop clusters
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of galaxies from dispersing altogether.
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Interesting. They'll figure it out one day, but for now
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it remains a mystery. But there's got to be something
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in that connection between real matter and dark matter plumping.
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Like if you go somewhere there isn't much matter, there
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isn't much dark matter. So there's got to be some
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connection there that will give us the answer day if
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we can figure out what the connection is.
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Yeah, well, the connections gravity and it's the.
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Only well, we haven't figured that out either.
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No, that's right. We basically we know how it behaves.
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We know very accurately how it behaves. We don't know
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what it is.
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It is indeed a mystery, Darryl. But coming up with
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an idea always is a good way to get people thinking.
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And maybe maybe somewhere in the dark reaches of the Internet,
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someone will hear this and go, hang on, Daryl's onto something,
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and then he'll go to his Wikipedia or his Encyclopedia Britannica,
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or his Funk and Wagnoff, flick a few pages and go,
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I've got it figured out thanks to Daryl's question on
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space nuts. So you know there are no dumb questions
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in astronomy, are there for it?
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No, that's absolutely right. There's just dumb answers from the
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LOCs and mood.
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It's Daryl, great to hear from you. Our next question
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comes from the fields of Norway, and this question goes
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by the name of Some will recognize this slaty bar
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fast listening from the fjords of Norway. Last week, someone
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asked the question about viewing the birth of the Sun,
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and Fred answered with the hypothetical mirror in space. My
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question is if we calculated the exact location in space
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for the Sun four point six billion years ago and
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pointed a telescope at those coordinate coordinates, would we see anything? Hmmm?
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Slutty Bartfast won an award, didn't he, for the fields
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of Norway? So that's right, that's right. Yes, that was
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because he designed the designed them. Yes, yes, he made fjords.
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That's right, that was what slati Vartfast was famous for.
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One of my favorite Douglas Adam's characters.
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Ah. Yeah, I think the moment where he's forced say
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his name is one of the the funniest moments I've
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ever experienced, because first time I ever listened to it,
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I listened to the audio version that just caught me
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so beautifully. I just couldn't stop cackling.
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Right, No, it's a pick stuff. One of the all
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time greats in science fiction.
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Absolutely is.
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Yeah. Anyway, the answer to Slatly Bartfast's question is no,
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So do you want to keep going?
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Well, I mean he's basically saying, so, you're saying, we
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would not see anything if we could figure out where
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the son was four point six billion years ago and
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then pointed a telescope at it.
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Yeah, because first of all, the son isn't there anymore?
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No, I know where it is.
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Yes, the odds are that point. You let me see
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which way you're pointing.
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I'm pointing that way that way.
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That's good, that's probably correct to In fact, it's behind
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me too, it's.
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To my it's to my right rear.
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All right. Okay, that's a bit intimate, isn't it anyway?
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Never mind? Yeah, the sun is certainly not shining out
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of that particular part of me at the moment, but
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it's it's in that kind of direction.
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It's all your funds think, though, is they?
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Glad? I don't even have any I don't get fan mail.
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Good abuse.
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Well, anyway, notwithstanding all that, what was the question again? Yes,
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if you could work out where the sun was four
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point six billion years ago and point a telescope at it,
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you wouldn't see anything because the point where the sun
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was formed and it will be only a few at
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most one hundred million light years away. So yeah, you've
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got to look back time. But you've got to look
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back time. It's probably less than one hundred million years
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and the sun one hundred million years ago was a
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lot like what it is now. It's slightly hotter, and
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a few other things that were going on at the time,
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but not much different. But the fact is, it's.
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Not there, it's here.
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So even I think I said in that thought experiment,
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you'd have to have a mirror something like two point
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three billion light years away, which is going to take
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you quite a lot of time to put in place anyway.
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But if that mirror was looking back to wherever the
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Sun was formed, and we don't know where that was,
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we know it's within the present vicinity of the Sun
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because stars don't move that fast. Anyway, you have this
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mirror and you capture a reflection of the Sun being born.
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That thought experiment I think would work. But just king
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where the son was when it was born isn't going
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to tell you very much.
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There's got to do something there though, right, Well, yeah.
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Probably other stars and things like that, you know. It's
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just part of the solar neighborhood.
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Yeah. Yeah, our son, I suspect came from, you know,
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a pretty rough neighborhood, and that's why it left it
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inherited money and managed to manage to get away.
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Yeah, but then it discovered drugs, didn't it.
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Yeah, Well that's that's what happened is yes, and and
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then we turned up and yeah, well hell broke loose. Yes,
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but there'd be nothing to say. There nothing to say
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there now.
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Nothing that's really of any interest, just to other stars.
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Yeah, yeah, although we're still looking for Earth's siblings, sorry,
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the son's siblings. That's that's right, because there are there
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would be some, but they wouldn't be there either, would they.
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Well that you know that the stars and that I'm sorry.
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The stars that were born alongside the Sun in the
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same cloud of gas and dust are probably not that
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far away, but they Yeah, one hundred yeah, one hundred
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million light years I mentioned before. It's probably much much
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less than that. I don't know quite why I thought
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of that anyway, because the center of our galaxy is
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only twenty five thousand light years away, So I probably
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meant a hundred thousand light years when I said a
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hundred million. Something's going wrong with this program today, I'm
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not quite sure.
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Well, it's it's six hundred that's what it is.
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That's what it is. There's a there's a gap in
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space time has opened up, which I'm floundering in at
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the moment. Yeah, so you know, you might it's it's
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not gone very far. That's what I'm saying. The siblings
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from the Sun born in the same gas cloud from
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