Vesta’s Salty Secrets, Mars Chopper’s Next Leap, and Celestial Wonders of 2025: S03E245

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Language: en

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welcome to astronomy daily I'm excited


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to bring you today's fascinating Roundup


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of space and astronomy news we've got an


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incredible lineup of stories that


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showcase just how rapidly our


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understanding of the cosmos continues to


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evolve coming up we'll dive into a


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breakthrough discovery about mysterious


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gullies on the asteroid Vesta where NASA


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scientists have uncovered evidence of


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ancient brine flows carved by meteoroid


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impacts we'll also look at NASA's


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ambitious plans for the next generation


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of Mars helicopters building on the


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remarkable success


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of Ingenuity in deep space communication


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news there's a major upgrade coming to


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NASA's deep space Network that will


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revolutionize how we stay connected with


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our far-flung


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explorers plus we'll preview some


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spectacular celestial events coming our


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way in 2025 and explore how meteor


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showers might help us protect Earth from


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potentially hazardous


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comets stay with us as we journey


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through these remarkable developments in


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space exploration and Discovery there's


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a lot to cover so let's get started with


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some great news from


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NASA scientists have made a fascinating


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breakthrough in understanding the


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mysterious gullies on the asteroid Vesta


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and it's all thanks to some Innovative


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laboratory experiments these deep


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channels have long puzzled researchers


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who studied images from NASA's Dawn


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Mission but now we have compelling


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evidence for how they formed the key to


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this discovery lies in something


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surprisingly familiar table salt or


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sodium chloride using specialized


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equipment to recreate Vestas extreme


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conditions researchers found that when


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meteoroids impact the asteroid surface


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they can trigger flows of salty water


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that carve these distinctive channels


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before freezing what makes this


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particularly interesting is how the salt


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helps the water remain liquid long


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enough to create these features in their


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experiments scientists found that while


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pure water froze almost instantly in


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vesal likee conditions Briny water could


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continue flowing for at least an hour


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this timing matches perfectly with


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estimates of how long it would take to


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form the gullies we see on vesta's


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Surface the research team used a


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specially designed chamber called Dusty


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the dirty under vacuum simulation test


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bed for Icy environments at NASA's jet


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propulsion laboratory they discovered


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that these Briny flows develop a frozen


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lid on their surface much like a lava


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tube on Earth this Frozen layer acts as


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insulation protecting the flowing liquid


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underneath and allowing it to travel


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further before freezing completely


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this discovery isn't just about solving


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a geological puzzle on one asteroid it


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contributes to our broader understanding


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of how liquids behave on airless worlds


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throughout our solar system the findings


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align with other research about


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potential mud volcanoes on Mars and icy


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volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Europa


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suggesting similar processes might be at


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work across different celestial


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bodies what's particularly exciting is


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how this research Builds on the original


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findings from NASA's Dawn Mission which


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first hinted at the possibility of


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subsurface ice on Vesta the new study


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not only explains how these gullies


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formed but also provides valuable


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insights into the complex interplay


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between impacts ice and salt in shaping


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the surfaces of airless worlds


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throughout our solar


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system in more NASA news today following


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the incredible success of Ingenuity NASA


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has unveiled their vision for the next


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generation of Martian aerial exploration


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the Mars Chopper this ambitious new


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design represents a significant Leap


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Forward in our capability to explore the


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red planet from above to appreciate just


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how far we've come let's recall that


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Ingenuity made history in April 2021 as


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the first aircraft to achieve powered


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flight on another world what started as


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a technology demonstration has since


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completed an impressive 60 flights


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proving that aerial exploration on Mars


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isn't just possible it's incredibly


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valuable for future missions the new


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Mars Chopper is dramatically larger than


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its predecessor roughly the size of an


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SUV it features an Innovative design


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with six raders each equipped with six


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blades while these blades are actually


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smaller than those used on Ingenuity


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their combined effect provides even


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greater lift capacity this enhanced


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power allows the craft to carry up to 5


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kg of scientific equipment and travel


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distances of up to 3 kilm flying on Mars


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presents unique challenges that the


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design team a collaboration between the


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jet propulsion laboratory and Ames


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Research Center had to overcome the


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Martian atmosphere is less than 1% as


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dense as Earth's requiring specially


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engineered rotor systems to generate


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sufficient lift they also had to account


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for the planet's notorious dust storms


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incorporating protective features to


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Shield the Craft's delicate mechanisms


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this new vehicle isn't just about


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improved performance it's about


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expanding our exploration capabilities


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while Ingenuity proved the concept the


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Mars Chopper is designed to be a true


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scientific platform its payload capacity


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means it can carry sophisticated Imaging


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equipment and Analysis tools enabling it


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to conduct detailed surveys and


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scientific investigations from the air


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this aerial perspective will be


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invaluable for supporting both robotic


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and future human missions on Mars


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looking Beyond Mars this technology


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could revolutionize how we explore other


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worlds with atmospheres the lessons


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learned from developing operating these


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aircraft will be crucial for Designing


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similar vehicles to explore places like


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Titan Saturn's largest moon where the


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dense atmosphere could make aerial


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exploration particularly


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effective and in more news from the


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agency NASA has achieved a major


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milestone in enhancing our deep space


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communication capabilities with the


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installation of a massive new antenna at


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the Goldstone deep space Communications


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complex in


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California deep space station 23 as it's


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officially known represents a


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significant upgrade to NASA's deep space


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Network the vital communication system


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that keeps us connected with spacecraft


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exploring the furthest reaches of our


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solar system and beyond the centerpiece


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of this new installation is its


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impressive 133 ton reflector dish


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measuring 112 ft across the construction


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process was a remarkable feat of


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engineering requiring precise alignment


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of 40 bolt holes as the massive


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structure was carefully lowered onto its


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65 ft High support


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platform engineers then added a 16 1/2


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ton quadripod structure featuring a


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curved subreflector that will help


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direct radio signals from deep space to


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the antenna's receivers when it becomes


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operational in 2026 deep space station


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23 will join an elite network of 15


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antennas worldwide supporting missions


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like perseverance on Mars the Voyager


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probes at the edge of our solar system


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and upcoming Ventures like the Europa


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Clipper this expansion couldn't come at


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a more crucial time as NASA's deep space


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missions continue to multiply from


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robotic explorers to human missions


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returning to the moon and eventually


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heading to Mars the deep space Network


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currently supports over 40 missions


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serving as Humanity's primary link to


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our mechanical explorers traversing the


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solar system whether it's receiving


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stunning images from the James web Space


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Telescope guiding Rovers across the


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Martian lands ape or maintaining contact


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with the most distant human-made objects


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in existence this communication network


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is absolutely essential to our continued


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exploration of space this upgrade


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represents more than just improved


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Hardware it's an investment in our


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future as a space fairing


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civilization as we push the boundaries


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of exploration further into our solar


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system and beyond having robust reliable


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communication infrastructure becomes


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increasingly critical deep space station


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23 ures will be ready to support the


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next generation of missions maintaining


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our connection with spacecraft and


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astronauts as they Venture deeper into


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the cosmic


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Frontier space enthusiasts have an


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exciting year ahead in 2025 with


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numerous celestial events set to light


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up our


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skies let's start with what January has


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in store for us the year kicks off with


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the quadrant meteor shower on January


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3rd promising up to 120 shooting stars


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per hour and the possibility of


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spectacular


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Fireballs just a few days later we'll


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witness Mars being occulted by the wolf


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moon on January 13th followed by Mars


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reaching opposition on January 15th


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making it particularly bright and


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visible all night long moving into


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February Venus will steal the show on


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the 19th when it reaches its brightest


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point of the Year through a telescope


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you'll be able to watch Venus transform


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from half lit to just 133% lit between


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January and February uary a fascinating


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demonstration of planetary phases


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visible from Earth one of the year's


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most unique events occurs on March 29th


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when parts of North America will


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experience what's being called The


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Devil's horns solar eclipse this partial


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eclipse will be particularly striking at


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Sunrise especially for viewers in


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Atlantic Canada Quebec and Maine where


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two separate solar horns will appear to


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rise from the Eastern Horizon the spring


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and summer bring us several excellent


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meteor


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showers the leids Peak on April 21st and


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22 under favorable Dark Skies followed


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by the ITA aquarids in early May July


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20th offers a beautiful sight when a


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crescent moon visits the ples star


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cluster and August 12th brings us a rare


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conjunction of Venus and Jupiter the two


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brightest planets will appear to nearly


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touch in the pre-dawn sky the Autumn


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season doesn't disappoint either Saturn


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reaches opposition on September 21st


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though its famous Rings will be harder


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to spot than usual as they'll be Edge on


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to Earth November 5th will feature the


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most impressive super moon since 2019


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appearing notably larger and brighter


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than usual especially at


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moonrise the year rounds out with


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several meteor showers under Dark Skies


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including the draconids in October and


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the leonids in mid November while the


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leonids won't produce their famous storm


00:10:24.360 --> 00:10:27.350
this year that's not due until 2032


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observers can still expect about 15


00:10:29.320 --> 00:10:32.030
meteors per hour during Peak activity


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remember while many of these events are


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visible to the naked eye having a pair


00:10:36.240 --> 00:10:38.269
of binoculars or a small telescope will


00:10:38.279 --> 00:10:40.710
greatly enhance your viewing experience


00:10:40.720 --> 00:10:43.350
and always try to find a dark location


00:10:43.360 --> 00:10:45.509
away from city lights for the best views


00:10:45.519 --> 00:10:47.030
of meteor


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showers finally today in a fascinating


00:10:50.200 --> 00:10:52.190
development for planetary defense


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scientists have discovered a new way to


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track potentially dangerous comets by


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studying meteor showers this Innovative


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approach


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developed by a team led by Samantha hgar


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at Northern Arizona University could


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provide crucial early warnings about


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comets that might pose a threat to Earth


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while comets have long captured


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Humanity's imagination and sparked


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scientific curiosity their unpredictable


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nature especially those with long period


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orbits exceeding 200 years has been a


00:11:22.079 --> 00:11:24.550
persistent challenge for astronomers


00:11:24.560 --> 00:11:26.829
these icy Wanderers of the solar system


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could theoretically approach Earth


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undetected and until it's too late to


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respond though the probability of such


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an event remains extremely low the new


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detection method focuses on analyzing


00:11:37.360 --> 00:11:39.629
meteor shower data to trace the paths of


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parent comets when Earth passes through


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the debris Trail left behind by a comet


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we experience these spectacular meteor


00:11:46.560 --> 00:11:49.389
showers by studying 17 different meteor


00:11:49.399 --> 00:11:51.190
showers associated with long period


00:11:51.200 --> 00:11:53.430
comets researchers have developed a


00:11:53.440 --> 00:11:55.110
model that can calculate where these


00:11:55.120 --> 00:11:57.870
parent comets should be in space what


00:11:57.880 --> 00:11:59.470
makes this approach particularly


00:11:59.480 --> 00:12:02.069
valuable is its accuracy in predicting


00:12:02.079 --> 00:12:04.350
Comet locations including their


00:12:04.360 --> 00:12:06.190
direction and speed of


00:12:06.200 --> 00:12:08.790
travel rather than scanning the entire


00:12:08.800 --> 00:12:10.670
Sky hoping to spot a potentially


00:12:10.680 --> 00:12:13.230
hazardous Comet astronomers can now


00:12:13.240 --> 00:12:15.590
Focus their search on specific areas


00:12:15.600 --> 00:12:17.350
where these objects are most likely to


00:12:17.360 --> 00:12:20.310
be found the implications for planetary


00:12:20.320 --> 00:12:23.030
defense are significant early detection


00:12:23.040 --> 00:12:24.870
of any comet on a collision course with


00:12:24.880 --> 00:12:26.949
Earth would provide valuable time to


00:12:26.959 --> 00:12:28.629
develop and Implement response


00:12:28.639 --> 00:12:30.269
strategies


00:12:30.279 --> 00:12:31.949
while there's currently no known threat


00:12:31.959 --> 00:12:34.509
from any Comet This research represents


00:12:34.519 --> 00:12:35.990
an important step forward in our


00:12:36.000 --> 00:12:38.629
planetary defense capabilities think of


00:12:38.639 --> 00:12:41.310
it as using Nature's Own warning system


00:12:41.320 --> 00:12:43.110
meteor showers serve as Celestial


00:12:43.120 --> 00:12:45.189
breadcrumbs leading us back to their


00:12:45.199 --> 00:12:47.230
source and helping us better understand


00:12:47.240 --> 00:12:49.710
and prepare for any potential future


00:12:49.720 --> 00:12:51.910
impacts while the next Major Impact


00:12:51.920 --> 00:12:54.189
event might be millions of years away


00:12:54.199 --> 00:12:56.509
this new detection method adds another


00:12:56.519 --> 00:12:58.629
crucial tool to Humanity's planetary


00:12:58.639 --> 00:13:00.629
defense


00:13:00.639 --> 00:13:02.990
Arsenal and that wraps up another


00:13:03.000 --> 00:13:05.590
fascinating episode of astronomy daily


00:13:05.600 --> 00:13:07.790
from the mysterious gullies on Vesta to


00:13:07.800 --> 00:13:10.550
NASA's exciting new Mars helicopter the


00:13:10.560 --> 00:13:11.990
expansion of our deep space


00:13:12.000 --> 00:13:14.310
communication capabilities and a preview


00:13:14.320 --> 00:13:16.750
of next year's spectacular Sky shows


00:13:16.760 --> 00:13:18.110
we've covered quite a journey through


00:13:18.120 --> 00:13:20.470
space today thank you for joining me I'm


00:13:20.480 --> 00:13:22.389
Anna and I've had a wonderful time


00:13:22.399 --> 00:13:23.990
sharing these incredible stories from


00:13:24.000 --> 00:13:25.990
across the cosmos with you if you're


00:13:26.000 --> 00:13:28.509
hungry for more space news you can find


00:13:28.519 --> 00:13:31.069
us at ason omy daily. where we're


00:13:31.079 --> 00:13:32.750
constantly updating our Newsfeed with


00:13:32.760 --> 00:13:34.790
the latest developments in space and


00:13:34.800 --> 00:13:36.870
astronomy and don't forget to join our


00:13:36.880 --> 00:13:39.470
growing community on social media you


00:13:39.480 --> 00:13:41.310
can find us as Astro daily pod on


00:13:41.320 --> 00:13:45.430
Facebook X Tumblr YouTube YouTube music


00:13:45.440 --> 00:13:48.550
and Tik Tok until next time keep looking


00:13:48.560 --> 00:13:50.389
up and stay curious about the Wonders


00:13:50.399 --> 00:14:02.069
above us


00:14:02.079 --> 00:14:04.800
the St is the


00:14:04.810 --> 00:14:11.190
[Music]