Tesla Asteroids, Lunar Gravity Breakthroughs, and Black Hole Feeding Frenzies: S04E22

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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welcome to astronomy daily today we're


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diving into an incredible lineup of


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space news that showcases both the


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fascinating and sometimes humorous side


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of space exploration from a case of


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mistaken identity involving Elon musk's


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orbiting Tesla Roadster to


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groundbreaking lunar gravity experiments


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we've got an action-packed episode ahead


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we'll explore new concerns about


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astronaut Health in space take a look at


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the latest observations of the famous


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m87 black hole and preview some


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spectacular Celestial alignments coming


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up in our night sky we'll also discuss


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NASA's Innovative approaches to dealing


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with that pesky moondust problem that's


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been challenging lunar missions since


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the Apollo era so get ready for your


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daily dose of space and astronomy news


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as we explore these exciting


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developments that are shaping our


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understanding of the


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cosmos in a delightful Twist of


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astronomical proportions Elon musk's


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Tesla Roadster launched into space 6


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years ago recently caused quite a stir


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in the scientific community


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earlier this month astronomers at the


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prestigious Harvard Smithsonian Center


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for astrophysics minor planet center


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Mook the wandering vehicle for a newly


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discovered asteroid even giving it an


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official designation 2018 CN 41 the


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cosmic mixup didn't last long though


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just a day after registering the


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supposed new asteroid the center had to


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quickly backtrack when it became clear


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that their mysterious object was


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actually musk's space traveling Tesla


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which had been cruising through space


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since its launch aboard spacex's Falcon


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heavy rocket in February


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2018 what makes this particularly


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interesting is that the Roadster was


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spotted less than 150,000 mi from Earth


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that's closer than the moon's orbit


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originally intended to travel in an


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elliptical orbit around the sun


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extending just past Mars the car


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apparently exceeded expectations and


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ventured further into the asteroid belt


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this case of mistaken identity


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highlights a serious challenge in space


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observation as noted by Center for


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astrophysics astrophysicist Jonathan


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McDowell tracking objects in space isn't


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always straightforward in fact he


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pointed out that in a worst case


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scenario you could spend a billion


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dollars launching a space probe to study


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what you think is an asteroid only to


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discover upon arrival that it's


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something entirely different the


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incident serves as a reminder of both


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the complexity of tracking objects in


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space and the increasing number of


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human-made objects joining the natural


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celestial bodies in our solar system who


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would have thought that one day we'd


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need to double check whether that new


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asteroid is actually just a luxury


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electric car taking a very very long


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road


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trip next up


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today blue origin is gearing up for an


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exciting milestone in space research


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with their upcoming new Shephard flight


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scheduled for January 28th what makes


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this Mission particularly special is its


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innovative approach to simulating lunar


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gravity something that could re


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evolutionize how we prepare for future


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Moon missions unlike previous new


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shepher flights that achieved


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microgravity this Mission will


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deliberately spin the crew capsule after


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it separates from its booster using


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reaction control thrusters the capsule


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will rotate at approximately 11


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revolutions per minute creating


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conditions that perfectly match the


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moon's gravity for the payloads inside


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this unique capability will provide


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researchers with an unprecedented 2


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minutes of lunar gravity conditions to


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put that in perspective current testing


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methods using parabolic aircraft flights


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can only manage about 20 seconds of


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simulated lunar Gravity the extended


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duration opens up exciting new


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possibilities for testing lunar


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Technologies and conducting research the


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mission will carry 30 different payloads


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with 17 of them coming directly from


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NASA through their flight opportunities


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program these experiments span crucial


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areas for lunar exploration including


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resource utilization dust mitigation


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advanced habitation systems and various


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spacecraft Technologies one payload will


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even be mounted on the exterior of the


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new Shephard booster to test how


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materials react to the space


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environment what's particularly


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promising about this development is its


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potential for future applications blue


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Origins CEO Dave limp has indicated that


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this technology could be adapted to


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simulate gravity conditions for Mars and


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other celestial bodies in our solar


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system this versatility could make it an


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invaluable tool for preparing for human


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exploration throughout the solar system


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for NASA and other lunar technology


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providers this new testing platform


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represents a game-changing opportunity


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to accelerate their research and improve


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technology Readiness at a fraction of


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the cost of traditional testing methods


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it's a significant step forward in our


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journey back to the moon and


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Beyond while on the subject of the Moon


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NASA has just launched an ambitious new


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mission to tackle one of the most


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persistent challenges of lunar


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exploration


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moondust the Blu ghost mission one


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recently lifted off from Kennedy Space


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Center carrying two groundbreaking


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Technologies designed to help us better


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understand and manage lunar regolith one


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of these Innovative devices is the


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electrodynamic dust shield or EDS which


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uses electric fields to lift transport


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and remove dust particles from surfaces


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this technology could be a GameChanger


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for future lunar missions as moondust


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has been a significant headache since


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the Apollo era causing problems with


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everything from space suits to essential


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equipment the mission's second key


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technology is equally fascinating the


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stereo camera for lunar plume surface


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studies or scalps


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S this system will capture


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highresolution stereo images of how


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rocket plumes interact with the lunar


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surface during Landing as we plan to


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land increasingly larger payloads on the


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moon understanding how these powerful


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engines affect the surface becomes


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crucial these experiments will be


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conducted in merium a massive dark Basin


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on the moon's near side spanning about


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300 miles this location will provide the


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perfect testing ground for these


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Technologies in actual lunar conditions


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something that's incredibly difficult to


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replicate accurately on Earth the timing


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of this Mission couldn't be more crucial


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as we prepare for more complex lunar


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operations managing moond dust becomes


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increasingly important during the Apollo


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missions astronauts discovered firsthand


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how problematic this fine abrasive


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material could be coating everything it


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touched and potentially damaging


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sensitive equipment what's particularly


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exciting is how this research will


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benefit future Mars missions as well


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while Martian dust has different


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properties than lunar regolith the


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lessons we learn from these experiments


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will be invaluable for Designing dust


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mitigation systems for both worlds it's


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another excellent example of how lunar


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exploration serves as a crucial testing


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ground for our eventual Journey to the


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red


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planet a new study published in the IE


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open Journal of Engineering in medicine


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and biology has revealed some concerning


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findings about how space affects


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astronauts Vision the research shows


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that after just 6 to 12 months aboard


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the International Space Station


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astronauts experienced significant


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changes to their eyes and vision due to


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the microgravity environment the


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findings are particularly striking at


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least 70% of ISS astronauts have been


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affected by what's known as spaceflight


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Associated neuro ocular syndrome or Sans


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researchers analyzed data from 13


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astronauts who spent between 157 and 186


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days in space and the changes they


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documented were substantial they found a


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33% decrease in ocular rigidity an 11%


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drop in intraocular pressure and a 25%


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reduction in ocular pulse amplitude


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these changes aren't just numbers on a


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page they manifest in real symptoms like


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reduced eye size altered focal fields


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and in some cases even optic nerve


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swelling and retinal folds the culprit


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it appears to be the way weightlessness


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affects blood distribution in the body


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in space blood flow increases to the


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head and slows down in the eyes Venus


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circulation leading to expansion of the


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choid the layer that provides blood


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supply to the retina the good news is


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that for Missions lasting 6 to 12 months


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these changes typically aren't permanent


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most astronauts eyes return to normal


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once they're back on Earth and wearing


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corrective eyeglasses is usually


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sufficient to address any symptoms


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developed during their time in space


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however this raises serious questions


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about longer missions particularly


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potential trips to


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Mars right now we simply don't know what


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prolonged exposure to microgravity might


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do to astronaut Vision over extended


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periods and we don't yet have any


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preventive measures in place as we


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continue to push the boundaries of space


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exploration understanding and addressing


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these health challenges becomes


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increasingly crucial for the future of


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long duration space flight


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okay I promised you a black hole story


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today and I found one the first ever


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black hole to be imaged by Humanity


00:09:08.160 --> 00:09:11.269
known as m87 star has revealed some


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fascinating new details about its eating


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habits and they're not exactly what


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you'd call neat and tidy recent


00:09:17.240 --> 00:09:18.910
observations from The Event Horizon


00:09:18.920 --> 00:09:20.949
telescope have given us an unprecedented


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look at the turbulent nature of this


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Cosmic Giants feeding


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patterns located 55 million light years


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away at the heart of the Messier 87


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Galaxy this super massive black hole


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weighing in at a staggering 6.5 billion


00:09:35.040 --> 00:09:37.389
times the mass of our sun continues to


00:09:37.399 --> 00:09:39.829
surprise astronomers by comparing


00:09:39.839 --> 00:09:43.069
observations from 2017 and 2018


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scientists have noticed some intriguing


00:09:44.839 --> 00:09:46.150
changes in the bright ring of


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superheated gas swirling around the


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black hole's Edge the most striking


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Discovery was a 30° counterclockwise


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shift in the brightest section of the


00:09:55.000 --> 00:09:57.470
Ring pointing to significant turbulence


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in the plasma surrounding M8 Seven Star


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this movement tells us something


00:10:02.240 --> 00:10:04.030
remarkable about how the black hole


00:10:04.040 --> 00:10:06.470
feeds the matter appears to be flowing


00:10:06.480 --> 00:10:08.310
inward in the opposite direction to the


00:10:08.320 --> 00:10:11.030
black hole's rotation creating a complex


00:10:11.040 --> 00:10:13.829
and dynamic feeding process what's


00:10:13.839 --> 00:10:15.190
particularly exciting about these


00:10:15.200 --> 00:10:17.470
findings is how they're helping us


00:10:17.480 --> 00:10:18.870
understand the environment around black


00:10:18.880 --> 00:10:21.350
holes the bright ring we see isn't just


00:10:21.360 --> 00:10:24.110
a static feature it's a dyamic


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everchanging structure of plasma moving


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at nearly the speed of light this


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matches incredibly well with what


00:10:29.880 --> 00:10:32.230
Einstein's theory of general relativity


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predicted giving us yet another


00:10:34.440 --> 00:10:36.269
confirmation of this fundamental Theory


00:10:36.279 --> 00:10:39.190
of physics using three times more data


00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:41.870
than was available in 2017 scientists


00:10:41.880 --> 00:10:43.269
have been able to build a much more


00:10:43.279 --> 00:10:45.710
detailed picture of how m87 star


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interacts with its surrounding


00:10:47.560 --> 00:10:49.590
environment these observations are


00:10:49.600 --> 00:10:51.509
helping us understand not just how black


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holes feed but also how they influence


00:10:54.079 --> 00:10:56.910
the space around them as researchers


00:10:56.920 --> 00:11:00.310
continue to analyze data from 202 21 and


00:11:00.320 --> 00:11:02.870
2022 we're likely to learn even more


00:11:02.880 --> 00:11:04.790
about the complex dynamics of these


00:11:04.800 --> 00:11:06.990
fascinating Cosmic


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objects next up get your telescopes


00:11:09.720 --> 00:11:12.069
ready stargazers are in for a treat this


00:11:12.079 --> 00:11:14.230
February with a spectacular Celestial


00:11:14.240 --> 00:11:16.269
display featuring some of the brightest


00:11:16.279 --> 00:11:19.150
objects in our night sky Venus our


00:11:19.160 --> 00:11:21.190
dazzling sister Planet will be putting


00:11:21.200 --> 00:11:23.350
on quite a show in the southwestern Sky


00:11:23.360 --> 00:11:25.550
just after Sunset reaching its peak


00:11:25.560 --> 00:11:28.069
Brilliance around February 14th when it


00:11:28.079 --> 00:11:29.670
will shine at an impressive Rive


00:11:29.680 --> 00:11:31.750
magnitude of


00:11:31.760 --> 00:11:33.910
4.64 the month kicks off with a


00:11:33.920 --> 00:11:35.710
particularly picturesque arrangement in


00:11:35.720 --> 00:11:38.389
the early evening Sky a young crescent


00:11:38.399 --> 00:11:40.509
moon will gracefully pass between Venus


00:11:40.519 --> 00:11:43.389
and Saturn on February 1st creating a


00:11:43.399 --> 00:11:46.110
beautiful Cosmic triangle the following


00:11:46.120 --> 00:11:48.230
evening the moon will climb higher to


00:11:48.240 --> 00:11:50.470
position itself just above Venus


00:11:50.480 --> 00:11:52.110
offering another stunning photo


00:11:52.120 --> 00:11:54.150
opportunity for astronomy


00:11:54.160 --> 00:11:56.350
enthusiasts Venus will reach its highest


00:11:56.360 --> 00:11:59.269
point in our evening sky on February 7th


00:11:59.279 --> 00:12:02.030
making it an ideal time for observation


00:12:02.040 --> 00:12:03.710
through a telescope you might even catch


00:12:03.720 --> 00:12:05.870
glimpses of the planet's phase changes


00:12:05.880 --> 00:12:07.670
as its visible illuminated portion


00:12:07.680 --> 00:12:11.590
shrinks from about 37% to just under 15%


00:12:11.600 --> 00:12:13.629
throughout the month while its apparent


00:12:13.639 --> 00:12:16.350
size grows larger as it moves closer to


00:12:16.360 --> 00:12:19.069
Earth Saturn though not as bright as


00:12:19.079 --> 00:12:21.269
Venus adds its own charm to this


00:12:21.279 --> 00:12:23.990
Celestial dance the ringed planet will


00:12:24.000 --> 00:12:26.670
be visible low in the southwestern Sky


00:12:26.680 --> 00:12:29.750
shining at magnitude 1.1


00:12:29.760 --> 00:12:31.389
telescope users might want to take


00:12:31.399 --> 00:12:33.350
advantage of this opportunity to observe


00:12:33.360 --> 00:12:35.350
Saturn's famous Rings which are


00:12:35.360 --> 00:12:37.710
currently tilted at just 2.8


00:12:37.720 --> 00:12:40.430
degrees this is particularly significant


00:12:40.440 --> 00:12:42.069
as the Rings are approaching their Edge


00:12:42.079 --> 00:12:44.430
on position which will occur in late


00:12:44.440 --> 00:12:47.389
March though unfortunately this final


00:12:47.399 --> 00:12:49.030
transition won't be visible from Earth


00:12:49.040 --> 00:12:50.829
due to Saturn's position relative to the


00:12:50.839 --> 00:12:53.470
sun happy


00:12:53.480 --> 00:12:55.590
stargazing well that wraps up another


00:12:55.600 --> 00:12:58.430
fascinating episode of astronomy daily


00:12:58.440 --> 00:13:00.389
I'm Anna and I've enjoyed sharing these


00:13:00.399 --> 00:13:02.910
amazing space stories with you today


00:13:02.920 --> 00:13:04.629
before we go I want to make sure you


00:13:04.639 --> 00:13:06.790
know where to find all the latest space


00:13:06.800 --> 00:13:09.629
and astronomy news anytime you want it


00:13:09.639 --> 00:13:11.949
head over to astronomy daily. where


00:13:11.959 --> 00:13:13.870
you'll find our constantly updating news


00:13:13.880 --> 00:13:15.350
feed and can catch up on all our


00:13:15.360 --> 00:13:17.829
previous episodes we're also very active


00:13:17.839 --> 00:13:20.310
on social media you can find us as Astro


00:13:20.320 --> 00:13:23.829
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00:13:23.839 --> 00:13:26.710
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show make sure you're subscribed


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pretty much everywhere else you might


00:13:35.040 --> 00:13:37.750
listen and remember the universe is


00:13:37.760 --> 00:13:39.790
constantly revealing new secrets so keep


00:13:39.800 --> 00:13:41.790
looking up and join us again on Monday


00:13:41.800 --> 00:13:43.790
when Steven and Hy will be here for


00:13:43.800 --> 00:13:46.189
another Journey Through The Cosmos on


00:13:46.199 --> 00:13:48.710
astronomy daily and to our Australian


00:13:48.720 --> 00:14:01.749
listeners happy Australia Day


00:14:01.759 --> 00:14:04.300
the St is the to


00:14:04.310 --> 00:14:10.870
[Music]