Starship’s Payload Adventure, Mars’s Dust Mysteries, and New Glenn’s Debut: S04E04

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Language: en

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welcome to astronomy daily your daily


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dose of space and astronomy news today


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we have an action-packed episode


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featuring some incredible developments


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across the space industry and astronomy


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research we'll dive into spacex's


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upcoming Starship test flight with its


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first ever payload deployment and blue


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Origins highly anticipated new Glenn


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rocket debut we'll also explore


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fascinating new research about mars'


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mysterious dust storms unravel the


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perplexing Moon Illusion that's puzzled


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scientists for centuries exam examine


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groundbreaking discoveries about fast


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radio bursts and look at how our galaxy


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recycles its elements through Cosmic


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conveyor belts let's get rolling with


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today's


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news SpaceX is gearing up for an


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exciting Milestone with their seventh


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Starship test flight marking the first


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time the massive rocket will attempt to


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deploy a payload in Space the mission


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will carry 10 starlink satellite


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simulators designed to match the size


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and weight of their NE generation V3


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satellites these dummy satellites will


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follow the same suborbital trajectory as


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Starship with their Journey ending in a


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planned splash down in the Indian Ocean


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this test is crucial for spacex's future


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plans as they're developing Starship to


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carry their Advanced V3 starlink


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satellites which promis to deliver


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impressive gigabit internet speeds to


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subscribers the upcoming test flight


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will showcase a significantly upgraded


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version of Starship the new generation


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vehicle features important improvements


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to boost reliability and performance


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including a redesigned propulsion system


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and a 25% increase in propellant volume


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enabling the rocket to undertake longer


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missions one of the most challenging


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aspects of this Mission will be the


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attempted recovery of starship's


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reusable booster using a landing pad


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this maneuver which had to be canceled


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during the previous test flight in


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November could result in Sonic booms


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around the landing Zone as the booster


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decelerates from supersonic speeds if


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automated health checks indicate any


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concerns with the super heavy booster or


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Tower the backup plan involves a


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controlled splash down in the Gulf of


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Mexico the test flight is currently


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scheduled for January 10th though


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weather conditions could affect the


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launch date with FAA clearance already


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secured this Mission represents a


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significant step forward in space X's


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ambitious plans to revolutionize


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satellite deployment capabilities and


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Advance their starlink Network


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another exciting launch On the


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Horizon Blue origin is on the verge of a


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historic moment as they prepare to


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launch their first new Glenn rocket from


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Cape Canaveral space force station in


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Florida after years of development since


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Jeff bezos's first announced the project


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in 2016 the company is finally ready to


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demonstrate their entry into the heavy


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lift launch market the launch window


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opens as early as January 6th at 1:00


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a.m. eastern time with multiple backup


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opportunities through January 12th the


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Rocket's first stage booster cleverly


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named so you're telling me there's a


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chance will attempt a landing at Sea on


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their drone ship Jaclyn named after


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bezos's Mother new Glenn represents a


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significant advancement in launch


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vehicle capability Standing impressively


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Tall with a massive 23-ft payload


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fairing it offers more than double the


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volume of typical 15t fairings used by


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other Rockets this extra space gives


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customers unprecedented flexibility in


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how they package their pay loads the


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Rocket's performance specifications are


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equally impressive capable of delivering


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up to 45 metric tons to low earth orbit


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and 13 metric tons to geostationary


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orbit like spacex's rockets new Glenn is


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designed for reusability with each


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booster projected to complete up to 25


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flights for this debut Mission


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designated ng1 the rocket will carry the


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blue ring Pathfinder a


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450000 pound payload simulator this test


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article will validate crucial systems


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including Communications arrays Power


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Systems and flight computers that will


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be used in future operational missions


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blue origin already has an impressive


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lineup of customers waiting to fly on


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new Glenn including NASA's Escapade Mars


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probes Amazon's Kyper internet


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satellites and various commercial and


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government payloads if successful this


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first flight could count toward blue


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origin certification requirements for


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National Security launches with the US


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space force


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and now a new finding about the red


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planet Mars experiences remarkable dust


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storms that have long fascinated


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scientists and pose significant


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challenges for our robotic explorers


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every Martian year during the southern


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hemisphere summer these storms sweep


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across the red planet but what's


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particularly intriguing is that every


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three Martian years about 5 and a half


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Earth years these storms can grow so


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massive that they envelop the entire


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planet for months at a time new research


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from the the University of Colorado


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Boulder has finally shed light on what


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triggers these Planet engulfing events


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the study reveals that relatively warm


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and sunny days might be the key factor


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in kicking off the largest storms by


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analyzing 15 years of data from NASA's


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Mars reconnaissance Orbiter researchers


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discovered that about 68% of major


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storms were preceded by a sharp rise in


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surface temperatures these storms while


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not particularly powerful due to Mars's


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thin atmosphere POS serious risks to our


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missions on the planet the dust is


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incredibly fine and tends to stick to


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everything creating problems for solar


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powered equipment we've already lost


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both the opportunity Rover and insight


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Lander to these devastating storms which


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can coat solar panels and cut off


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crucial power


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supplies the research team focused on


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two specific weather patterns known as a


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and C storms that occur annually on Mars


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they found that when more sunlight


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filters through Mars's thin atmosphere


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to heat the surface it creates


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conditions similar to what triggers


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storms on Earth the warm air near the


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surface becomes buoyant and Rises taking


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dust with it potentially starting a


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Cascade effect that can grow into these


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massive storms this breakthrough and


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understanding could be the first step


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toward forecasting extreme weather on


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Mars which will be crucial for future


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human missions to the red planet while


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dust storms might not have enough Force


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to knock over equipment the combination


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of electrically charged dust particles


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and their ability to infiltrate


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equipment makes them a serious


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consideration for any Mars mission


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planning I love it when we solve a


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mystery or have we in this


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case have you ever noticed how the moon


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seems impossibly large when it's hanging


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low on the horizon this captivating


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sight has been drawing gasps of


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amazement from observers for Millennia


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yet remarkably it's all Just an Illusion


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despite appearing massive when it rises


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or sets the moon maintains the exact


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same size whether it's peeking over the


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horizon or floating high in the night


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sky you can actually prove this yourself


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with a simple test next time you see


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that giant Moon near the Horizon hold up


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your index finger at arms length you'll


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find your fingernail appears to be about


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the same size as the moon try this again


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when the moon is high overhead and


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you'll get the exact same result even


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more convincing take a photo of the Moon


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at both positions using the same camera


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settings and you'll see the moon appears


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identical in size in both images what


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makes this phenomenon particularly


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fascinating is that despite thousands of


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years of human observation and our


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modern scientific understanding we still


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don't have a definitive explanation for


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why our brains create this illusion the


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leading theories suggest it's related to


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how our minds process visual information


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about size and distance especially when


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we have reference points like trees or


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buildings near the Horizon interestingly


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while the size change isn't illusion


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there is one genuine difference in the


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moon's appearance near the Horizon its


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color the moon often appears more yellow


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or orange when it's low in the sky


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because its light has to travel through


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more of Earth's atmosphere to reach our


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eyes this longer Journey scatters away


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more of the blue light leaving us with


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those warmer more Golden


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Tones even NASA astronauts report seeing


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this illusion from space where there are


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no foreground objects to provide


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perspective adding another layer of


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mystery to this phenomenon until we


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fully understand the complex way our


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brains process these visual cues we can


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at least enjoy this spectacular sight


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that continues to Captivate viewers and


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create some of the most memorable scenes


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in our night


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sky while on the subject of mysteries


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fast radio bursts or FBS as they're


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known in the astronomical Community have


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been one of space's most intriguing


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Mysteries these incredible flashes of


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radio light can outshine entire galaxies


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yet they're gone in the blink of an eye


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often lasting just a fraction of a


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second for years astronomers could only


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catch them by chance leaving us


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wondering about their true nature but


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now thanks to some clever detective work


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and advanced telescopes like chime we're


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finally starting to understand these


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Cosmic enigmas a recent breakthrough


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study has provided some of the strongest


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evidence yet about their Origins and it


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all comes down to a fascinating method


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called scintillation essentially the


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astronomical equivalent of how stars


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twinkle in our night sky the team


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focused on a particular burst called


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fb22


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2122a which came from a Galaxy 200


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million light years away as the radio


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waves from this burst traveled through


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space toward Earth they interacted with


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various gases and materials causing them


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to flicker in brightness by carefully


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analyzing these flickering patterns


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scientists were able to pinpoint exactly


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where the burst Came From Within 10,000


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kilm of a highly magnetic pulser this is


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a huge deal because it confirms what


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many astronomers have suspected these


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powerful bursts are generated by


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magnetars which are essentially super


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magnetic neutron stars but it goes even


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further than that the precise


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measurements show that these bursts must


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be occurring within the magnetar


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magnetosphere giving us crucial insight


00:10:21.440 --> 00:10:23.350
into how these exotic objects can


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generate such incredibly powerful bursts


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of radio energy this discovery isn't


00:10:28.200 --> 00:10:30.590
just solving a cosmic mystery it's


00:10:30.600 --> 00:10:32.550
opening up new ways to study these


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extreme objects by understanding how


00:10:35.720 --> 00:10:37.710
these magnetic fields can generate such


00:10:37.720 --> 00:10:40.110
intense radio light so quickly we're


00:10:40.120 --> 00:10:41.750
learning more about some of the most


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extreme physics in our universe it's


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another reminder that even in the vast


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emptiness of space we're constantly


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discovering new and fascinating


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phenomena that challenge our


00:10:52.200 --> 00:10:53.790
understanding of the


00:10:53.800 --> 00:10:56.470
cosmos in a groundbreaking study


00:10:56.480 --> 00:10:58.230
scientists have uncovered fascinating


00:10:58.240 --> 00:11:00.509
details about how Galaxy manages its


00:11:00.519 --> 00:11:02.269
resources through what can only be


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described as a cosmic recycling system


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this process involves massive currents


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that act like giant conveyor belts


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pushing material out into space and then


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drawing it back in playing a crucial


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role in the formation of everything from


00:11:14.519 --> 00:11:17.389
planets to new stars Life as we know it


00:11:17.399 --> 00:11:19.389
depends on carbon but this essential


00:11:19.399 --> 00:11:21.949
element along with oxygen iron and


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nearly every other element except


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hydrogen and helium only exists because


00:11:26.720 --> 00:11:29.710
it was created inside Stars when these


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Stars die they scatter these elements


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across space in spectacular


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explosions but rather than simply


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drifting aimlessly these star forged


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elements embark on an incredible journey


00:11:41.360 --> 00:11:43.350
using the Hubble Space telescope's


00:11:43.360 --> 00:11:46.030
Cosmic origin spectrograph researchers


00:11:46.040 --> 00:11:48.230
made a remarkable Discovery by observing


00:11:48.240 --> 00:11:50.310
how light from distant quazars


00:11:50.320 --> 00:11:51.870
interacted with what's known as the


00:11:51.880 --> 00:11:54.750
circum Galactic medium a vast region


00:11:54.760 --> 00:11:57.629
surrounding galaxies like our Milky Way


00:11:57.639 --> 00:11:59.230
they found enormous amounts of car


00:11:59.240 --> 00:12:01.670
carbon extending nearly 400,000 light


00:12:01.680 --> 00:12:04.150
years into space that's four times the


00:12:04.160 --> 00:12:06.949
diameter of our galaxy this circum


00:12:06.959 --> 00:12:08.790
Galactic medium acts like a massive


00:12:08.800 --> 00:12:10.949
train station constantly moving


00:12:10.959 --> 00:12:13.590
materials in and out of the Galaxy the


00:12:13.600 --> 00:12:15.629
same carbon atoms in our bodies likely


00:12:15.639 --> 00:12:17.590
spent considerable time in this Cosmic


00:12:17.600 --> 00:12:19.949
recycling system before becoming part of


00:12:19.959 --> 00:12:22.389
Earth it's a beautiful example of how


00:12:22.399 --> 00:12:25.030
interconnected we are with the cosmos


00:12:25.040 --> 00:12:26.670
the atoms making up our world are


00:12:26.680 --> 00:12:28.389
Travelers that have journeyed through


00:12:28.399 --> 00:12:30.990
this vast itic recycling


00:12:31.000 --> 00:12:33.269
process understanding this process isn't


00:12:33.279 --> 00:12:35.110
just about satisfying scientific


00:12:35.120 --> 00:12:37.550
curiosity it could help explain why


00:12:37.560 --> 00:12:39.750
galaxies eventually stop forming new


00:12:39.760 --> 00:12:42.389
stars the theory is that when this


00:12:42.399 --> 00:12:44.910
recycling system begins to break down


00:12:44.920 --> 00:12:47.189
galaxies lose their ability to form new


00:12:47.199 --> 00:12:49.790
stars ultimately transforming them into


00:12:49.800 --> 00:12:52.670
Cosmic deserts This research opens up


00:12:52.680 --> 00:12:54.550
new questions about the life cycles of


00:12:54.560 --> 00:12:57.430
galaxies and our own Galaxy's


00:12:57.440 --> 00:13:00.069
future and that's it for to today thanks


00:13:00.079 --> 00:13:02.430
for being with us on astronomy daily I'm


00:13:02.440 --> 00:13:04.430
Anna and as always it's been a pleasure


00:13:04.440 --> 00:13:06.269
sharing these fascinating stories from


00:13:06.279 --> 00:13:08.670
the cosmos with you if you want to stay


00:13:08.680 --> 00:13:10.470
up toate with all the latest space and


00:13:10.480 --> 00:13:12.750
astronomy news head over to our website


00:13:12.760 --> 00:13:14.069
at astronomy


00:13:14.079 --> 00:13:16.710
daily. there you'll find our constantly


00:13:16.720 --> 00:13:18.509
updating Newsfeed and you can listen to


00:13:18.519 --> 00:13:20.670
all our previous episodes don't forget


00:13:20.680 --> 00:13:22.430
to join our growing community on social


00:13:22.440 --> 00:13:25.350
media you can find us as Astro daily pod


00:13:25.360 --> 00:13:27.870
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00:13:27.880 --> 00:13:30.430
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00:13:30.440 --> 00:13:32.550
engaging space content and discussions


00:13:32.560 --> 00:13:35.069
with fellow astronomy enthusiasts until


00:13:35.079 --> 00:13:37.430
our next Journey Through the cosmos keep


00:13:37.440 --> 00:13:39.030
looking up and stay curious about the


00:13:39.040 --> 00:13:41.590
Wonders above us this has been Anna with


00:13:41.600 --> 00:13:48.610
astronomy daily


00:13:48.620 --> 00:14:01.990
[Music]


00:14:02.000 --> 00:14:05.000
St