SphereX Soars, Meteor Misunderstanding, and the Blood Moon Beckons: S04E61

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Language: en

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welcome to astronomy daily your source


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for the latest space and astronomy news


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I'm your host Anna and today we've got


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an exciting lineup of stories spanning


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from groundbreaking NASA launches to


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mysterious signals from space and a


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reminder about a spectacular upcoming


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lunar eclipse we'll be diving deep into


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some fascinating developments that


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showcase just how Dynamic our


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understanding of the cosmos continues to


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be so let's get started with today's


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news let's kick things off with a launch


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that could have a lot of people saying


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at last NASA has just achieved another


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Milestone with a remarkable two for one


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launch that sent both the sphex


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telescope and the punch Mission into


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orbit aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket


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this joint launch from Vandenberg space


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Force Base represents a smart way to


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maximize science while minimizing costs


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spherex which stands for spectr


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photometer for the history of the


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universe epic of reionization and is's


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Explorer will spend the next two years


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creating the most detailed map of our


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universe ever attempted it will survey


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more than 450 million galaxies and over


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100 million stars in our own Galaxy all


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while looking at the sky in 102


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different colors of infrared light what


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makes this telescope truly special is


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its ability to search for the basic


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ingredients of Life throughout the Milky


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Way it will peer into molecular clouds


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where new stars and planets are forming


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looking specifically for Water Ice


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and other organic molecules that could


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help us understand how life might emerge


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elsewhere in the universe meanwhile the


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punch Mission consisting of four small


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satellites working in perfect


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synchronization will give us an


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unprecedented view of our Sun's outer


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atmosphere and the solar wind think of


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it as a cosmic weather station helping


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us better understand and potentially


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predict space weather that can affect


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everything from our power grids to our


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satellite Communications


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together these missions showcase NASA's


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ability to study both the very large and


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the relatively close to home while sphx


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looks out toward the farthest reaches of


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space punch will keep a watchful eye on


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our own Stellar neighbor helping us


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better understand the complex


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relationship between the Sun and Earth


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this launch marks an exciting new


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chapter in space exploration promising


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to fill in crucial gaps in our


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understanding of both our Cosmic Origins


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and our daily interaction with our home


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star


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the data from these missions will not


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only help answer long-standing questions


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about the universe but will likely raise


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fascinating new ones as


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well next up today in a fascinating turn


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of events New research has cast


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significant doubt on what was previously


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thought to be evidence of an


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Interstellar visitor the story revolves


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around a meteor that blazed through


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Earth's atmosphere back in 2014 creating


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quite a stir in the scientific Community


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when researchers claim to have recovered


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fragments of of it from the Pacific


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Ocean in


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2023 initially the discovery seemed


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groundbreaking Harvard scientists led by


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physicist AI lobe had used what they


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believed were seismic signals to


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pinpoint the meteor's location and


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subsequently recovered hundreds of tiny


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metallic spheres from the ocean floor


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these spheral showed unusual


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concentrations of elements like burum


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lanthanum and uranium leading to bold


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claims about their potential


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extraterrestrial or even artificial


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origin however a new international


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research team led by scientists from


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John's Hopkins university has revealed a


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rather mundane explanation for the


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seismic signals that guided the original


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search what was thought to be the


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signature of an Interstellar object


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entering our atmosphere was actually


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just the rumbling of a truck driving


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past the seismic monitoring station on


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Manis Island the researchers found that


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the signals characteristics perfectly


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matched those of a vehicle moving along


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a nearby Road and bore none of the


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telltale signs they would expect from a


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meteor impact even more significantly


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their analysis suggests the actual


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meteor entered the atmosphere more than


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160 km away from where the original team


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conducted their


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search this Revelation raises serious


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questions about the nature of the


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recovered spheral while they may still


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be of meteoritic origin they're likely


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either from a conventional meteor or


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perhaps represent a hybrid of cosmic and


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terrestrial materials created when a


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meteorite impacted Earth's surface


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what's clear is that they're probably


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not the remnants of an alien spacecraft


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or Interstellar visitor that some had


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hoped they might be this case serves as


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a perfect example of how science


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constantly refines itself through


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careful review and new analysis even if


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it means replacing an exciting


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possibility with a more prosaic


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explanation exciting news has emerged


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from the world of exoplanet research as


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scientists have finally confirmed the


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presence of not just one but four small


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planets orbiting Barnard star our Cosmic


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nextdoor neighbor after the alpha


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centari system located just six light


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years away this discovery marks the end


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of a decades long Quest that has seen


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numerous false starts and unconfirmed


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claims using the specialized maroon X


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instrument designed specifically for


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observing M dwarf stars like Barnard


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star researchers conducted detailed


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observations from 2021 to 2023


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the team had to carefully separate the


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planetary signals from the natural


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variations caused by the star's own


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activity cycles and rotation but their


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persistence paid off with the


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confirmation of four distinct worlds


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these newly confirmed planets are truly


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remarkable with masses ranging between


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just 19% and 34% of Earth's mass in fact


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one of them might be the smallest planet


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ever detected using the radial velocity


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method what's particularly fascinating


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is how tightly packed these worlds are


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all orbiting their star in periods


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between 2.34 and 6.74 days the discovery


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raises some intriguing questions about


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the system's


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stability while computer models suggest


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the planets could maintain stable orbits


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if they're perfectly circular the best


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current measurements indicate that any


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slight deviations could make the entire


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system unstable within just 2,000 years


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this presents an exciting puzzle for


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astronomers to unravel for those


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wondering about the possibility of life


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these planets unfortunately orbit too


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close to their star to be in the


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habitable zone however the research team


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hasn't ruled out the existence of


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additional earth-sized planets in more


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life-friendly orbits they've just


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confirmed that if such planets exist


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they must be smaller than about half of


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Earth's mass this breakthrough comes


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after more than half a century of


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searching during which various teams


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have claimed to find planets around


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Barnard's star only to have their


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discoveries later


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disproven this time with multiple


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independent observations and careful


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analysis we can finally say with


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confidence that this ancient star


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estimated to be about 10 billion years


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old is indeed home to a family of


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planets let's move on to an update from


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the Moon the Athena moon landing Mission


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while achieving the remarkable feat of


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reaching the lunar surface encountered


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an unexpected challenge shall we say


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that has impacted its objectives the


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spacecraft oper operated by intuitive


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machines successfully touched down near


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the lunar South Pole on March 6th but


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ended up in a sideways position that


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severely limited its


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capabilities this orientation proved


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particularly problematic for the


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mission's power generation as the solar


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arrays couldn't properly capture


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sunlight in their tilted position as a


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result the mission's active phase lasted


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only about a day after touchdown though


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it did manage to beam back valuable


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images from the lunar surface during


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this brief window one of the most


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affected components was the mobile


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autonomous prospecting platform or map


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Rover a compact four-wheeled vehicle


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that was poised to make history with its


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own lunar exploration objectives the


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team behind map has confirmed that their


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Rover survived the landing intact and


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was fully operational but the Lander's


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sideways position made deployment


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impossible it just couldn't get out


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despite these setbacks the mission


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wasn't without its Silver Linings the


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map Rover success Yul collected valuable


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data during the Journey To The Moon


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while in lunar orbit and even after


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landing these measurements have


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validated numerous systems and


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components that will prove invaluable


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for future missions including planned


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expeditions to the Riner gamma region


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and additional Ventures to the lunar


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South Pole this experience has provided


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crucial insights that will inform


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upcoming lunar missions with intuitive


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machines already planning their third


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launch for later this year the space


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exploration community continues to


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demonstrate that even when missions


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don't go exactly as planned the


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knowledge gained helps pave the way for


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future successes in our ongoing


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exploration of Earth's closest Celestial


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neighbor seems everyone's getting into


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the citizen science projects at the


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moment the European space agency has


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just launched an exciting new initiative


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that opens the door for space


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enthusiasts to directly contribute to


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solar research their solar Orbiter


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spacecraft which has been observing our


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star since 2020 has amassed an


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impressive 5 years of data that needs


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expert analysis and they're turning to


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Citizen scientists for help the project


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called the solar radio burst tracker


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focuses on analyzing radio waves emitted


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by the Sun every day our star releases


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powerful bursts of radio waves into


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space which are detected by the


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spacecraft's radio and plasma waves


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instrument with over 15,000 radio wave


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graphs to examine it's a task too


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massive for individual scientists to


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tackle alone what makes this project


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particularly fascinating is that these


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radio bursts known as type 3 solar radio


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bursts are closely connected to solar


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flares those massive explosions of


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radiation from the sun's surface when


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these flares occur they shoot electrons


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into space which then interact with


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charged particles around the Sun to


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produce distinctive radio wave patterns


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the timing of this project couldn't be


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better as 2025 marks a peak in the Sun's


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11-year activity cycle we've already


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seen evidence of this increased solar


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activity through spectacular Aurora


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displays visible across Europe by


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tracking these radio bursts citizen


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scientists will help create the first


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comprehensive catalog of solar radio


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bursts observed by solar Orbiter


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participants don't need any specialized


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knowledge or equipment the project


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provides detailed guidance on how to


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identify and outline radio bursts in the


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data each graph will be reviewed by


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multiple people toensure accuracy and


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the resulting database will help


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scientists better understand solar


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behavior and its potential effects on


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Earth this initiative represents a


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unique opportunity for the public to


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contribute to cuttingedge space research


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while also helping to train artificial


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intelligence systems that will automate


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this process in the future it's a


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perfect example of how modern space


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exploration is becoming increasingly


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collaborative Bridging the Gap between


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professional scientists and passionate


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space enthusiasts if you'd like to find


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out more I'll include a link in the show


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notes before I go today a quick reminder


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mark your calendars for an extraordinary


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Celestial display coming up on the night


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of March 13th into the early hours of


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March 14th the moon will undergo a


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dramatic transformation as it passes


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through Earth's shadow in the first


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total lunar eclipse we've seen since


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November


00:11:53.480 --> 00:11:56.590
20122 during this spectacular event our


00:11:56.600 --> 00:11:58.790
lunar companion will take on an eerie


00:11:58.800 --> 00:12:01.190
reddish glow creating what's commonly


00:12:01.200 --> 00:12:03.949
known as a Blood Moon this stunning


00:12:03.959 --> 00:12:05.590
color change occurs when Earth's


00:12:05.600 --> 00:12:07.870
atmosphere filters sunlight allowing


00:12:07.880 --> 00:12:10.230
only red and orange wavelengths to reach


00:12:10.240 --> 00:12:12.430
the lunar surface the same effect that


00:12:12.440 --> 00:12:15.269
gives us vibrant sunsets here on Earth


00:12:15.279 --> 00:12:16.910
the eclipse will unfold in several


00:12:16.920 --> 00:12:19.030
phases starting with a subtle dimming as


00:12:19.040 --> 00:12:21.389
the moon enters Earth's outer Shadow or


00:12:21.399 --> 00:12:25.069
penumbra at 857 p.m. Pacific time things


00:12:25.079 --> 00:12:27.230
get more dramatic around 10:09 p.m. when


00:12:27.240 --> 00:12:29.350
the partial eclipse begins and it will


00:12:29.360 --> 00:12:31.350
appear as if a giant bite is being taken


00:12:31.360 --> 00:12:34.829
out of the Moon the main event totality


00:12:34.839 --> 00:12:38.269
kicks off at 11:26 p.m. pafic time when


00:12:38.279 --> 00:12:39.910
the entire moon will be immersed in


00:12:39.920 --> 00:12:41.470
Earth's Shadow and take on its


00:12:41.480 --> 00:12:44.230
characteristic red coloring what makes


00:12:44.240 --> 00:12:46.389
this event particularly special is that


00:12:46.399 --> 00:12:48.150
you don't need any fancy equipment to


00:12:48.160 --> 00:12:51.189
enjoy it while binoculars or a telescope


00:12:51.199 --> 00:12:53.470
will enhance the view the eclipse is


00:12:53.480 --> 00:12:55.829
perfectly visible to the naked eye the


00:12:55.839 --> 00:12:57.629
show will be visible Across the Western


00:12:57.639 --> 00:12:59.829
Hemisphere offering excellent viewing


00:12:59.839 --> 00:13:02.350
opportunities for many observers as an


00:13:02.360 --> 00:13:04.829
added bonus Sky Watchers can also spot


00:13:04.839 --> 00:13:06.790
Jupiter and Mars in the Western sky


00:13:06.800 --> 00:13:09.230
during the eclipse the darkened moon


00:13:09.240 --> 00:13:10.949
will actually make it easier to spot


00:13:10.959 --> 00:13:13.189
stars and constellations with our


00:13:13.199 --> 00:13:15.150
Celestial companion positioned in the


00:13:15.160 --> 00:13:17.509
constellation Leo at the start of the


00:13:17.519 --> 00:13:20.790
eclipse before Crossing into Virgo the


00:13:20.800 --> 00:13:22.750
total phase of the eclipse will last for


00:13:22.760 --> 00:13:25.350
about an hour ending at 12:31 a.m.


00:13:25.360 --> 00:13:27.949
Pacific Time on March 14th the moon will


00:13:27.959 --> 00:13:29.590
then gradually emerge from Earth's


00:13:29.600 --> 00:13:31.990
Shadow with the entire event concluding


00:13:32.000 --> 00:13:34.470
around 3:00 a.m. Pacific Time weather


00:13:34.480 --> 00:13:36.509
permitting this promises to be one of


00:13:36.519 --> 00:13:38.829
the most impressive astronomical events


00:13:38.839 --> 00:13:40.829
of


00:13:40.839 --> 00:13:43.629
2025 and that's it for today thanks for


00:13:43.639 --> 00:13:46.509
joining me on astronomy daily I'm Anna


00:13:46.519 --> 00:13:47.910
and I hope you've enjoyed this journey


00:13:47.920 --> 00:13:49.550
through the latest developments in space


00:13:49.560 --> 00:13:51.790
science and astronomy if you'd like to


00:13:51.800 --> 00:13:54.310
explore more Cosmic content head over to


00:13:54.320 --> 00:13:57.189
astronomy daily. where you can find all


00:13:57.199 --> 00:13:59.790
our previous episodes and don't forget


00:13:59.800 --> 00:14:01.629
to join our growing Community across


00:14:01.639 --> 00:14:04.030
social media you can find us as Astro


00:14:04.040 --> 00:14:07.389
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00:14:07.399 --> 00:14:09.829
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00:14:09.839 --> 00:14:11.829
new Instagram account keep looking up


00:14:11.839 --> 00:14:13.150
and I'll see you again tomorrow Among


00:14:13.160 --> 00:14:19.390
the Stars


00:14:19.400 --> 00:14:33.550
[Music]


00:14:33.560 --> 00:14:36.560
told