SpaceX’s Polar Mission, Mars Suit Tests, Dark Matter’s Spin

WEBVTT
Kind: captions
Language: en

00:00:00.199 --> 00:00:01.790
hello and welcome to astronomy daily


00:00:01.800 --> 00:00:03.510
your Premier Source for all things space


00:00:03.520 --> 00:00:05.950
and astronomy I'm Anna and I'm thrilled


00:00:05.960 --> 00:00:07.389
to be your guide through the cosmos


00:00:07.399 --> 00:00:09.390
today we have an absolutely packed


00:00:09.400 --> 00:00:11.270
episode for you with some truly


00:00:11.280 --> 00:00:12.990
groundbreaking developments in space


00:00:13.000 --> 00:00:15.509
exploration and astronomical research


00:00:15.519 --> 00:00:17.470
the headlines are buzzing with spacex's


00:00:17.480 --> 00:00:19.990
latest achievement the historic Fram 2


00:00:20.000 --> 00:00:21.390
mission that has just sent the first


00:00:21.400 --> 00:00:23.150
ever human space flight over Earth's


00:00:23.160 --> 00:00:25.509
poles we'll dive into what makes this


00:00:25.519 --> 00:00:27.750
Mission so special and the unique


00:00:27.760 --> 00:00:29.589
experiments the crew will be conducting


00:00:29.599 --> 00:00:31.630
as they Circle our planet in a way no


00:00:31.640 --> 00:00:33.990
humans have done before but that's just


00:00:34.000 --> 00:00:35.630
the beginning of our Cosmic Journey


00:00:35.640 --> 00:00:38.549
today we'll also explore how Space X is


00:00:38.559 --> 00:00:40.270
ramping up its launch schedule to


00:00:40.280 --> 00:00:42.510
unprecedented levels with multiple


00:00:42.520 --> 00:00:44.670
missions taking off in Rapid succession


00:00:44.680 --> 00:00:47.869
this week alone then we'll head to Mars


00:00:47.879 --> 00:00:49.630
where NASA's perseverance Rover is


00:00:49.640 --> 00:00:51.830
conducting fascinating tests on spacit


00:00:51.840 --> 00:00:54.189
materials giving us crucial data for


00:00:54.199 --> 00:00:55.910
future human exploration of the red


00:00:55.920 --> 00:00:58.270
planet the harsh Martian environment


00:00:58.280 --> 00:01:00.389
poses unique challenges for astronaut


00:01:00.399 --> 00:01:02.750
safety and this research could be key to


00:01:02.760 --> 00:01:05.149
overcoming them we'll also check in with


00:01:05.159 --> 00:01:07.630
NASA astronauts Butch Wilmore and Sunni


00:01:07.640 --> 00:01:10.149
Williams who recently returned to Earth


00:01:10.159 --> 00:01:11.670
after what was supposed to be a brief


00:01:11.680 --> 00:01:14.630
Mission turned into a 9-month stay


00:01:14.640 --> 00:01:17.109
aboard the International Space Station


00:01:17.119 --> 00:01:19.590
and finally we'll explore new research


00:01:19.600 --> 00:01:22.230
suggesting something truly mind-bending


00:01:22.240 --> 00:01:23.870
that dark matter could actually be


00:01:23.880 --> 00:01:26.710
affecting planetary rotation potentially


00:01:26.720 --> 00:01:29.510
making planets spin faster this could


00:01:29.520 --> 00:01:31.590
have profound implications for how we


00:01:31.600 --> 00:01:33.749
understand our own Earth and distant


00:01:33.759 --> 00:01:36.030
exoplanets so strap in for a journey


00:01:36.040 --> 00:01:38.469
across our solar system and beyond as we


00:01:38.479 --> 00:01:40.429
explore the latest and Most Fascinating


00:01:40.439 --> 00:01:42.469
developments in space science and


00:01:42.479 --> 00:01:44.510
astronomy let's kick things off with


00:01:44.520 --> 00:01:47.990
today's big story SpaceX has made


00:01:48.000 --> 00:01:49.910
history with the first ever human space


00:01:49.920 --> 00:01:52.350
flight to Circle Earth over its poles


00:01:52.360 --> 00:01:54.190
the private Fram 2 mission lifted off


00:01:54.200 --> 00:01:55.910
from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in


00:01:55.920 --> 00:01:59.029
Florida on March 31st at 9:46 p.m


00:01:59.039 --> 00:02:01.310
Eastern Time carrying four space


00:02:01.320 --> 00:02:03.550
Travelers into a unique polar orbit that


00:02:03.560 --> 00:02:06.310
no human has experienced before the crew


00:02:06.320 --> 00:02:08.469
launched aboard the crew Dragon capsule


00:02:08.479 --> 00:02:10.669
resilience which has now completed its


00:02:10.679 --> 00:02:12.550
fourth space mission after previously


00:02:12.560 --> 00:02:16.470
supporting crew 1 inspiration 4 and pois


00:02:16.480 --> 00:02:20.270
Dawn Falcon 9 booster b185 powered the


00:02:20.280 --> 00:02:22.509
launch for its sixth flight before


00:02:22.519 --> 00:02:24.630
successfully landing on spacex's drone


00:02:24.640 --> 00:02:27.390
ship a shortfall of Gravitas in the


00:02:27.400 --> 00:02:30.470
Atlantic Ocean this groundbreak mission


00:02:30.480 --> 00:02:32.990
is commanded by Chun Wang of Malta who


00:02:33.000 --> 00:02:34.750
is joined by an international team


00:02:34.760 --> 00:02:36.470
including vehicle Commander Janek


00:02:36.480 --> 00:02:39.630
mikkelson from Norway pilot Raba Roga of


00:02:39.640 --> 00:02:42.110
Germany and Australian medical officer


00:02:42.120 --> 00:02:44.509
and Mission specialist Eric Phillips all


00:02:44.519 --> 00:02:46.350
four our first-time space Travelers


00:02:46.360 --> 00:02:48.229
making this journey even more


00:02:48.239 --> 00:02:51.190
remarkable after reaching orbit spacex's


00:02:51.200 --> 00:02:54.270
Bill gon Meer radioed the crew saying


00:02:54.280 --> 00:02:56.110
dragon on behalf of the Falcon team


00:02:56.120 --> 00:02:57.910
we're honored to deliver you safely to


00:02:57.920 --> 00:03:00.350
your polar orbit enjoy the the views of


00:03:00.360 --> 00:03:02.630
the poles send us some pictures and our


00:03:02.640 --> 00:03:04.550
hearts and Minds will be flying with you


00:03:04.560 --> 00:03:05.949
as you go over the


00:03:05.959 --> 00:03:08.270
polls the mission is named after the


00:03:08.280 --> 00:03:11.030
famous Norwegian exploration ship Fram


00:03:11.040 --> 00:03:13.030
which ventured into both Arctic and


00:03:13.040 --> 00:03:15.149
Antarctic regions in the late 19th and


00:03:15.159 --> 00:03:18.910
early 20th centuries Fram translates to


00:03:18.920 --> 00:03:22.030
forward or onward in Norwegian A fitting


00:03:22.040 --> 00:03:23.869
name for this pioneering space flight


00:03:23.879 --> 00:03:25.149
that carries the Same Spirit of


00:03:25.159 --> 00:03:27.830
exploration into Earth orbit during


00:03:27.840 --> 00:03:30.309
their 3 to 5 days in space the crew will


00:03:30.319 --> 00:03:32.830
conduct 22 scientific experiments that


00:03:32.840 --> 00:03:35.630
leverage their unique orbital path these


00:03:35.640 --> 00:03:37.270
include the first ever attempt to grow


00:03:37.280 --> 00:03:38.750
mushrooms in the microgravity


00:03:38.760 --> 00:03:40.670
environment of space and operating a


00:03:40.680 --> 00:03:42.070
machine that will capture the first


00:03:42.080 --> 00:03:44.550
x-ray images of the human body while in


00:03:44.560 --> 00:03:46.630
orbit additional studies will


00:03:46.640 --> 00:03:48.390
investigate how space flight and


00:03:48.400 --> 00:03:50.190
microgravity affect the human


00:03:50.200 --> 00:03:53.710
musculoskeletal system Fram 2 represents


00:03:53.720 --> 00:03:57.030
spacex's 17th human space flight overall


00:03:57.040 --> 00:04:00.229
and its sixth private crude mission


00:04:00.239 --> 00:04:01.630
what makes this launch particularly


00:04:01.640 --> 00:04:04.229
notable is that it came just 17 days


00:04:04.239 --> 00:04:06.390
after spacex's previous astronaut launch


00:04:06.400 --> 00:04:08.069
crew 10 to the International Space


00:04:08.079 --> 00:04:09.630
Station marking the shortest interval


00:04:09.640 --> 00:04:12.670
between SpaceX crude missions to date


00:04:12.680 --> 00:04:14.949
upon completion of their orbital Journey


00:04:14.959 --> 00:04:17.390
the Fram 2 crew Will Make History again


00:04:17.400 --> 00:04:19.749
with the first Pacific ocean splash down


00:04:19.759 --> 00:04:22.350
for a SpaceX crude Mission previous


00:04:22.360 --> 00:04:24.150
Dragon capsules have all landed in the


00:04:24.160 --> 00:04:26.430
Atlantic off Florida's Coast but the


00:04:26.440 --> 00:04:28.430
company is Shifting returns to the West


00:04:28.440 --> 00:04:30.670
Coast to minimize risk to people and


00:04:30.680 --> 00:04:33.350
property during re-entry in one final


00:04:33.360 --> 00:04:35.230
research opportunity the crew will


00:04:35.240 --> 00:04:37.189
forego the typical medical assistance


00:04:37.199 --> 00:04:38.790
normally provided to astronauts


00:04:38.800 --> 00:04:41.310
returning from space allowing scientists


00:04:41.320 --> 00:04:43.950
to study how their bodies readapt to


00:04:43.960 --> 00:04:46.590
Earth's gravity without intervention


00:04:46.600 --> 00:04:48.790
valuable data for future space


00:04:48.800 --> 00:04:50.350
exploration


00:04:50.360 --> 00:04:53.029
missions speaking of launches let's turn


00:04:53.039 --> 00:04:54.510
our attention now to this week's


00:04:54.520 --> 00:04:57.029
schedule it's been an exceptionally busy


00:04:57.039 --> 00:04:59.710
period for SpaceX with this week alone


00:04:59.720 --> 00:05:02.909
featuring five planned Falcon 9 launches


00:05:02.919 --> 00:05:04.909
the company's impressive Cadence kicked


00:05:04.919 --> 00:05:07.790
off with the starlink group 6 80 Mission


00:05:07.800 --> 00:05:10.029
from Cape Canaveral which lifted off


00:05:10.039 --> 00:05:12.230
just hours before the historic Fram 2


00:05:12.240 --> 00:05:14.710
flight this starlink deployment carried


00:05:14.720 --> 00:05:18.110
a record 28 of spacex's upgraded V2 mini


00:05:18.120 --> 00:05:20.629
optimized satellites to orbit marking


00:05:20.639 --> 00:05:22.590
the first time these enhanced satellites


00:05:22.600 --> 00:05:25.070
have launched from the East Coast the


00:05:25.080 --> 00:05:26.790
rapid fire succession of launches


00:05:26.800 --> 00:05:29.390
showcases spacex's growing operational


00:05:29.400 --> 00:05:31.590
cap cap ability just consider that the


00:05:31.600 --> 00:05:34.550
booster used for the starlink 6 ad


00:05:34.560 --> 00:05:36.670
mission was making its 17th flight after


00:05:36.680 --> 00:05:39.670
a turnaround of only 41 days numbers


00:05:39.680 --> 00:05:41.230
that would have seemed impossible just a


00:05:41.240 --> 00:05:43.870
few years ago looking ahead through the


00:05:43.880 --> 00:05:46.270
week SpaceX has scheduled three more


00:05:46.280 --> 00:05:49.990
starlink missions on April 1st Falcon 9


00:05:50.000 --> 00:05:52.909
is set to launch starlink group 11 13


00:05:52.919 --> 00:05:54.670
from Vandenberg space force base in


00:05:54.680 --> 00:05:56.950
California followed by two additional


00:05:56.960 --> 00:05:59.749
deployments starlink group 11 11 on on


00:05:59.759 --> 00:06:02.510
April 4th and Starling group 6 72 on


00:06:02.520 --> 00:06:04.670
April 6th from opposite coast of the


00:06:04.680 --> 00:06:06.830
United States the timing between the


00:06:06.840 --> 00:06:08.870
Fram 2 crude Mission and the previous


00:06:08.880 --> 00:06:10.710
crew 10 launch to the International


00:06:10.720 --> 00:06:12.589
Space Station set a new record for


00:06:12.599 --> 00:06:15.189
SpaceX with just two weeks and 3 days


00:06:15.199 --> 00:06:17.870
separating these human space flights


00:06:17.880 --> 00:06:19.629
this compressed timeline demonstrates


00:06:19.639 --> 00:06:21.749
the maturity of spacex's human space


00:06:21.759 --> 00:06:23.909
flight program and the reliability of


00:06:23.919 --> 00:06:26.230
their Falcon 9 and dragon


00:06:26.240 --> 00:06:28.510
systems while SpaceX dominates the


00:06:28.520 --> 00:06:30.309
launch schedule this week they're not


00:06:30.319 --> 00:06:33.070
alone in reaching for orbit China also


00:06:33.080 --> 00:06:35.029
has two launches planned with their


00:06:35.039 --> 00:06:37.309
Chang Jang 2D rocket scheduled to lift


00:06:37.319 --> 00:06:39.870
off on April 1st followed by what might


00:06:39.880 --> 00:06:41.749
be one of the final flights of the Chung


00:06:41.759 --> 00:06:43.790
Jang 6 rocket later in the week from the


00:06:43.800 --> 00:06:46.270
taian satellite launch Center the


00:06:46.280 --> 00:06:48.830
increasing frequency of SpaceX launches


00:06:48.840 --> 00:06:51.029
has become almost routine but it


00:06:51.039 --> 00:06:53.390
represents a fundamental shift in space


00:06:53.400 --> 00:06:56.150
access just a decade ago achieving this


00:06:56.160 --> 00:06:58.309
many orbital launches across an entire


00:06:58.319 --> 00:06:59.830
year would have been consider Ed


00:06:59.840 --> 00:07:02.749
remarkable for a single company now


00:07:02.759 --> 00:07:04.790
space X is demonstrating the capability


00:07:04.800 --> 00:07:07.309
to achieve that in a single week while


00:07:07.319 --> 00:07:09.469
simultaneously conducting historic human


00:07:09.479 --> 00:07:11.469
space flight missions and expanding


00:07:11.479 --> 00:07:13.230
their global satellite internet


00:07:13.240 --> 00:07:15.790
constellation this operational Tempo not


00:07:15.800 --> 00:07:17.469
only serves spacex's commercial


00:07:17.479 --> 00:07:19.510
interests but also provides crucial


00:07:19.520 --> 00:07:21.350
experience for NASA's future crude


00:07:21.360 --> 00:07:23.309
missions and demonstrates the kind of


00:07:23.319 --> 00:07:25.830
launch Cadence that will be necessary as


00:07:25.840 --> 00:07:27.909
Humanity expands its presence beyond


00:07:27.919 --> 00:07:29.670
Earth


00:07:29.680 --> 00:07:31.189
let's go to Mars now for an update this


00:07:31.199 --> 00:07:31.950
is


00:07:31.960 --> 00:07:33.830
fascinating while the perseverance


00:07:33.840 --> 00:07:35.990
Rovers primary mission on Mars focuses


00:07:36.000 --> 00:07:37.589
on searching for signs of ancient


00:07:37.599 --> 00:07:39.790
microbial life it's also quietly


00:07:39.800 --> 00:07:42.029
conducting crucial research that could


00:07:42.039 --> 00:07:44.070
directly impact the safety of future


00:07:44.080 --> 00:07:47.469
human explorers for the past four years


00:07:47.479 --> 00:07:49.189
the Rover has been exposing small


00:07:49.199 --> 00:07:51.189
swatches of space suit materials to the


00:07:51.199 --> 00:07:53.230
harsh Martian environment in what


00:07:53.240 --> 00:07:56.189
amounts to the ultimate real world test


00:07:56.199 --> 00:07:58.629
these material samples each measuring


00:07:58.639 --> 00:08:01.629
just 3/4 of an inch square are attached


00:08:01.639 --> 00:08:04.070
to a calibration Target for the Rover's


00:08:04.080 --> 00:08:06.469
Sherlock instrument the selection


00:08:06.479 --> 00:08:08.189
includes pieces that would be integral


00:08:08.199 --> 00:08:10.790
to any Mars astronauts protective gear a


00:08:10.800 --> 00:08:13.390
polycarbonate helmet visor vectrin used


00:08:13.400 --> 00:08:15.830
in glove palms for cut resistance two


00:08:15.840 --> 00:08:17.830
variations of Teflon with dust repelling


00:08:17.840 --> 00:08:20.230
properties and a complex material called


00:08:20.240 --> 00:08:23.270
ortho fabric the ortho fabric is


00:08:23.280 --> 00:08:25.550
particularly interesting as it combines


00:08:25.560 --> 00:08:28.029
multiple protective layers noch for


00:08:28.039 --> 00:08:30.469
flame resistance like fire fighter gear


00:08:30.479 --> 00:08:33.149
breathable gortex and Kevlar for tiar


00:08:33.159 --> 00:08:34.949
resistance similar to what's used in


00:08:34.959 --> 00:08:37.829
bulletproof vests together these


00:08:37.839 --> 00:08:39.589
materials represent the building blocks


00:08:39.599 --> 00:08:41.389
of what future Martian explorers might


00:08:41.399 --> 00:08:44.110
wear Mars presents an extremely hostile


00:08:44.120 --> 00:08:45.990
environment for both humans and their


00:08:46.000 --> 00:08:48.070
equipment unlike Earth with its


00:08:48.080 --> 00:08:49.949
protective magnetic field that deflects


00:08:49.959 --> 00:08:52.310
much of the sun's radiation Mars lost


00:08:52.320 --> 00:08:54.230
its magnetic Shield billions of years


00:08:54.240 --> 00:08:57.030
ago along with most of its atmosphere


00:08:57.040 --> 00:08:58.590
this leaves the surface exposed to


00:08:58.600 --> 00:09:01.110
intense Ultra Violet radiation that can


00:09:01.120 --> 00:09:03.910
rapidly degrade materials add to this


00:09:03.920 --> 00:09:06.310
the planet's freezing temperatures find


00:09:06.320 --> 00:09:07.990
dust particles that can infiltrate


00:09:08.000 --> 00:09:11.110
mechanisms and corrosive perits toxic


00:09:11.120 --> 00:09:13.550
salts that permeate the Martian soil and


00:09:13.560 --> 00:09:15.150
you have an environment engineered to


00:09:15.160 --> 00:09:17.389
break down almost anything we might send


00:09:17.399 --> 00:09:20.550
there mark Fri of NASA's Johnson Space


00:09:20.560 --> 00:09:22.509
Center explains the forward-thinking


00:09:22.519 --> 00:09:25.190
nature of this experiment this is one of


00:09:25.200 --> 00:09:26.790
the forward-looking aspects of the


00:09:26.800 --> 00:09:29.030
Rover's Mission not just thinking about


00:09:29.040 --> 00:09:31.509
its current science but also about what


00:09:31.519 --> 00:09:34.030
comes next we're preparing for people to


00:09:34.040 --> 00:09:36.949
eventually go and explore Mars the data


00:09:36.959 --> 00:09:38.870
being collected is particularly valuable


00:09:38.880 --> 00:09:40.350
because it shows how quickly different


00:09:40.360 --> 00:09:43.190
materials degrade remarkably about half


00:09:43.200 --> 00:09:44.750
of all the changes observed in the


00:09:44.760 --> 00:09:46.710
samples occurred within just the first


00:09:46.720 --> 00:09:49.310
200 days on Mars with vectran appearing


00:09:49.320 --> 00:09:52.190
to deteriorate most rapidly this gives


00:09:52.200 --> 00:09:54.190
Engineers crucial information about how


00:09:54.200 --> 00:09:55.670
frequently space suits might need


00:09:55.680 --> 00:09:58.310
replacement or repair during extended


00:09:58.320 --> 00:10:00.389
missions scientists are especially


00:10:00.399 --> 00:10:02.310
concerned about maintaining flexibility


00:10:02.320 --> 00:10:05.230
and tear resistance in spacit materials


00:10:05.240 --> 00:10:07.069
as Sherlock team member Joby razal


00:10:07.079 --> 00:10:09.509
Hollis notes Mars is a really harsh


00:10:09.519 --> 00:10:11.750
tough place the radiation in particular


00:10:11.760 --> 00:10:14.430
is pretty nasty when these materials


00:10:14.440 --> 00:10:16.949
degrade they can become brittle similar


00:10:16.959 --> 00:10:18.630
to how white plastic lawn furniture


00:10:18.640 --> 00:10:20.389
yellows and cracks after years in


00:10:20.399 --> 00:10:22.430
sunlight but likely happening much


00:10:22.440 --> 00:10:23.430
faster on


00:10:23.440 --> 00:10:25.790
Mars the research team is now preparing


00:10:25.800 --> 00:10:27.630
to publish their findings while


00:10:27.640 --> 00:10:29.310
scientists at NASA Johnson are develing


00:10:29.320 --> 00:10:31.509
veloping earth-based simulations that


00:10:31.519 --> 00:10:33.670
can replicate Martian conditions they


00:10:33.680 --> 00:10:35.590
plan to subject identical materials to


00:10:35.600 --> 00:10:37.430
simulated Martian carbon dioxide


00:10:37.440 --> 00:10:39.629
atmospheres air pressure and ultraviolet


00:10:39.639 --> 00:10:42.069
light then stress test them to determine


00:10:42.079 --> 00:10:44.110
how much structural Integrity they've


00:10:44.120 --> 00:10:46.550
lost the fabric materials are designed


00:10:46.560 --> 00:10:50.150
to be tough but flexible fre explains we


00:10:50.160 --> 00:10:51.470
want to know the extent to which they


00:10:51.480 --> 00:10:53.590
lose their strength and flexibility over


00:10:53.600 --> 00:10:56.269
time as Fabrics weaken they can Fray and


00:10:56.279 --> 00:10:58.629
tear allowing a space suit to leak both


00:10:58.639 --> 00:11:00.030
heat and air


00:11:00.040 --> 00:11:01.949
a potentially fatal situation for any


00:11:01.959 --> 00:11:04.870
Mars Explorer This research represents a


00:11:04.880 --> 00:11:06.550
critical step in preparing for human


00:11:06.560 --> 00:11:08.590
exploration of the red planet


00:11:08.600 --> 00:11:10.069
demonstrating how current robotic


00:11:10.079 --> 00:11:12.030
missions are directly enabling future


00:11:12.040 --> 00:11:14.110
human missions by solving practical


00:11:14.120 --> 00:11:16.110
challenges before astronauts ever set


00:11:16.120 --> 00:11:17.790
foot on Martian


00:11:17.800 --> 00:11:20.509
soil well we finally got to see Butch


00:11:20.519 --> 00:11:22.230
and Sunni addressing the world today in


00:11:22.240 --> 00:11:23.990
their first sitdown TV interview since


00:11:24.000 --> 00:11:25.150
returning


00:11:25.160 --> 00:11:27.269
home after 9 months aboard the


00:11:27.279 --> 00:11:30.269
International Space Station 200 78 days


00:11:30.279 --> 00:11:32.750
longer than planned NASA astronauts


00:11:32.760 --> 00:11:34.470
Butch Wilmore and Sunni Williams have


00:11:34.480 --> 00:11:37.550
finally returned to Earth what began as


00:11:37.560 --> 00:11:39.870
a routine 8-day test flight of Boeing


00:11:39.880 --> 00:11:42.389
Starliner spacecraft transformed into


00:11:42.399 --> 00:11:44.350
one of the most dramatic Extended Stays


00:11:44.360 --> 00:11:46.550
in space history turning them into


00:11:46.560 --> 00:11:49.269
household names in the process the


00:11:49.279 --> 00:11:51.030
veteran astronauts splashed down off


00:11:51.040 --> 00:11:53.670
Florida's Coast two weeks ago not in the


00:11:53.680 --> 00:11:55.790
Boeing capsule that carried them up but


00:11:55.800 --> 00:11:57.990
in a SpaceX dragon that came to their


00:11:58.000 --> 00:12:00.350
rescue their unprecedented Mission


00:12:00.360 --> 00:12:02.030
extension came after Starliner


00:12:02.040 --> 00:12:04.590
experienced multiple technical issues


00:12:04.600 --> 00:12:08.150
during its June 2023 launch including


00:12:08.160 --> 00:12:10.790
Thruster failures and helium leaks that


00:12:10.800 --> 00:12:13.310
raised serious safety concerns about the


00:12:13.320 --> 00:12:14.949
capsule's return


00:12:14.959 --> 00:12:17.150
capability in their first news


00:12:17.160 --> 00:12:19.430
conference since returning home both


00:12:19.440 --> 00:12:21.389
astronauts displayed remarkable


00:12:21.399 --> 00:12:23.750
composure and professionalism despite


00:12:23.760 --> 00:12:25.949
their ordeal I'll start and point the


00:12:25.959 --> 00:12:28.389
finger and I'll blame me Wilmore told


00:12:28.399 --> 00:12:30.590
reporters sharing responsibility for the


00:12:30.600 --> 00:12:33.030
missions issues I could have asked some


00:12:33.040 --> 00:12:34.389
questions and the answers to those


00:12:34.399 --> 00:12:36.189
questions could have turned the tide all


00:12:36.199 --> 00:12:38.470
the way up and down the chain we all are


00:12:38.480 --> 00:12:41.629
responsible we all own this The Saga


00:12:41.639 --> 00:12:43.230
took on additional Dimensions when


00:12:43.240 --> 00:12:45.870
President Trump publicly urged spacex's


00:12:45.880 --> 00:12:48.230
Elon Musk to accelerate the rescue


00:12:48.240 --> 00:12:50.550
mission adding political pressure to an


00:12:50.560 --> 00:12:53.990
already complicated situation meanwhile


00:12:54.000 --> 00:12:55.829
NASA engineers and Boeing officials


00:12:55.839 --> 00:12:57.910
spent months deliberating the safest


00:12:57.920 --> 00:13:00.110
course of action before ultimately


00:13:00.120 --> 00:13:02.189
determining that Starliner was too risky


00:13:02.199 --> 00:13:04.870
to bring the astronauts home despite


00:13:04.880 --> 00:13:06.990
everything they experienced both Wilmore


00:13:07.000 --> 00:13:08.949
and Williams expressed continued


00:13:08.959 --> 00:13:11.350
confidence in Boeing spacecraft when


00:13:11.360 --> 00:13:13.189
asked if they would fly on Starliner


00:13:13.199 --> 00:13:15.790
again Williams responded emphatically


00:13:15.800 --> 00:13:19.110
we're all in she added that the vehicle


00:13:19.120 --> 00:13:21.470
has a lot of capability and she wants to


00:13:21.480 --> 00:13:24.230
see it succeed Wilmore echoed this


00:13:24.240 --> 00:13:26.110
sentiment saying he'd return in a


00:13:26.120 --> 00:13:28.470
heartbeat because we're going to rectify


00:13:28.480 --> 00:13:30.590
all the issues that we encountered we're


00:13:30.600 --> 00:13:32.910
going to fix them we're going to make it


00:13:32.920 --> 00:13:35.189
work the pair is scheduled to meet with


00:13:35.199 --> 00:13:37.310
Boeing Leadership this week to provide


00:13:37.320 --> 00:13:38.990
detailed feedback on their flight


00:13:39.000 --> 00:13:41.470
experience Wilmore emphasized that the


00:13:41.480 --> 00:13:44.269
meeting is not for pointing fingers but


00:13:44.279 --> 00:13:46.990
rather to make the path clearer going


00:13:47.000 --> 00:13:49.069
forward both astronauts have been


00:13:49.079 --> 00:13:51.550
adjusting well to life back on Earth


00:13:51.560 --> 00:13:53.550
Williams waited until she was studer on


00:13:53.560 --> 00:13:55.749
her feet before reuniting with her two


00:13:55.759 --> 00:13:57.470
Labrador Retrievers the day after


00:13:57.480 --> 00:14:00.550
Splashdown describing the moment as pure


00:14:00.560 --> 00:14:03.230
joy will Moore meanwhile has already


00:14:03.240 --> 00:14:04.470
received his first terrestrial


00:14:04.480 --> 00:14:06.629
assignment from his wife replacing all


00:14:06.639 --> 00:14:09.269
the shrubs in their yard before summer


00:14:09.279 --> 00:14:11.230
NASA Engineers still don't fully


00:14:11.240 --> 00:14:12.749
understand what caused Starliner


00:14:12.759 --> 00:14:15.110
Thruster malfunctions with more testing


00:14:15.120 --> 00:14:18.030
plan through summer the space agency may


00:14:18.040 --> 00:14:19.990
require another uncrewed test flight


00:14:20.000 --> 00:14:22.350
before allowing astronauts aboard again


00:14:22.360 --> 00:14:24.269
but that potential redo Could Happen by


00:14:24.279 --> 00:14:27.230
Year's End despite Starliner troubled


00:14:27.240 --> 00:14:29.110
development NASA officials May


00:14:29.120 --> 00:14:30.870
maintained that their strategy of having


00:14:30.880 --> 00:14:33.310
two competing us companies providing


00:14:33.320 --> 00:14:35.670
space station Transportation remains


00:14:35.680 --> 00:14:37.790
sound however with the International


00:14:37.800 --> 00:14:39.710
Space Station scheduled for retirement


00:14:39.720 --> 00:14:42.150
in just 5 years the window for Boeing to


00:14:42.160 --> 00:14:44.110
establish Starliner as a reliable crew


00:14:44.120 --> 00:14:46.310
transport is rapidly


00:14:46.320 --> 00:14:49.189
closing finally today a dark matter


00:14:49.199 --> 00:14:51.269
update Dark Matter remains one of the


00:14:51.279 --> 00:14:52.990
most enigmatic components of our


00:14:53.000 --> 00:14:56.150
universe making up approximately 85% of


00:14:56.160 --> 00:14:58.590
all matter it's practically invisible


00:14:58.600 --> 00:15:00.069
detec able only through its


00:15:00.079 --> 00:15:02.509
gravitational effects but new research


00:15:02.519 --> 00:15:04.230
suggests we might have another way to


00:15:04.240 --> 00:15:06.150
observe its presence through its


00:15:06.160 --> 00:15:07.790
influence on planetary


00:15:07.800 --> 00:15:10.310
rotation scientists from the shinjang


00:15:10.320 --> 00:15:12.509
astronomical Observatory at the Chinese


00:15:12.519 --> 00:15:14.550
Academy of Sciences have published


00:15:14.560 --> 00:15:17.150
intriguing findings suggesting that dark


00:15:17.160 --> 00:15:19.269
matter could actually make planets spin


00:15:19.279 --> 00:15:22.310
faster their paper aptly titled Dark


00:15:22.320 --> 00:15:24.829
Matter spins the planet proposes that


00:15:24.839 --> 00:15:26.949
planets act as natural Dark Matter


00:15:26.959 --> 00:15:29.430
collectors gradually accumulating these


00:15:29.440 --> 00:15:31.710
mysterious particles over billions of


00:15:31.720 --> 00:15:34.309
years when Dark Matter particles enter a


00:15:34.319 --> 00:15:36.150
planet they don't interact with normal


00:15:36.160 --> 00:15:38.550
matter in conventional ways instead


00:15:38.560 --> 00:15:40.590
through Quantum effects like tunneling


00:15:40.600 --> 00:15:42.110
they can deposit energy into the


00:15:42.120 --> 00:15:45.030
planet's interior this energy transfer


00:15:45.040 --> 00:15:47.910
manifests in two ways heating the planet


00:15:47.920 --> 00:15:50.509
and accelerating its rotation the


00:15:50.519 --> 00:15:52.430
researchers simulated this dark matter


00:15:52.440 --> 00:15:54.749
capture process in 15 confirmed


00:15:54.759 --> 00:15:57.110
exoplanets including notable examples


00:15:57.120 --> 00:16:00.949
like 55 canri d also known as lier and


00:16:00.959 --> 00:16:03.990
Epsilon aidon B they also applied their


00:16:04.000 --> 00:16:05.470
model to more familiar worlds like


00:16:05.480 --> 00:16:08.230
Jupiter and our own Earth for Earth


00:16:08.240 --> 00:16:10.550
specifically their calculations predict


00:16:10.560 --> 00:16:13.069
some measurable effects Dark Matter


00:16:13.079 --> 00:16:15.509
heating combined with solar energy could


00:16:15.519 --> 00:16:17.309
increase Earth's surface atmospheric


00:16:17.319 --> 00:16:19.389
temperature by approximately


00:16:19.399 --> 00:16:24.069
0.015 Kelvin over 100 years and 0.15


00:16:24.079 --> 00:16:26.509
Kelvin over a millennium more


00:16:26.519 --> 00:16:28.710
dramatically Earth's rotation period


00:16:28.720 --> 00:16:30.829
could decrease by about 12 seconds over


00:16:30.839 --> 00:16:33.990
the next century and potentially 120


00:16:34.000 --> 00:16:37.110
seconds over a thousand years these


00:16:37.120 --> 00:16:39.309
might sound like small changes but


00:16:39.319 --> 00:16:40.710
they're significant enough that we


00:16:40.720 --> 00:16:43.069
should be able to detect them with


00:16:43.079 --> 00:16:45.749
current ground-based measurement methods


00:16:45.759 --> 00:16:47.269
this provides astronomers with a


00:16:47.279 --> 00:16:49.350
potential new Avenue for confirming dark


00:16:49.360 --> 00:16:51.470
Matter's existence and properties the


00:16:51.480 --> 00:16:54.069
implications extend beyond pure physics


00:16:54.079 --> 00:16:55.710
the team suggests that dark matter


00:16:55.720 --> 00:16:57.470
interactions might play a role in


00:16:57.480 --> 00:16:59.350
planetary habitability


00:16:59.360 --> 00:17:01.470
by altering thermal conditions within


00:17:01.480 --> 00:17:03.870
planets Dark Matter could affect the


00:17:03.880 --> 00:17:06.510
stability of liquid water and influence


00:17:06.520 --> 00:17:09.189
atmospheric Evolution key factors in


00:17:09.199 --> 00:17:11.189
determining whether a world can support


00:17:11.199 --> 00:17:13.750
life despite the theoretical nature of


00:17:13.760 --> 00:17:16.110
this work it represents an Innovative


00:17:16.120 --> 00:17:17.870
approach to the Dark Matter


00:17:17.880 --> 00:17:20.470
puzzle rather than focusing solely on


00:17:20.480 --> 00:17:22.870
microscopic particle physics or Cosmic


00:17:22.880 --> 00:17:25.669
scale observations these researchers are


00:17:25.679 --> 00:17:27.590
looking at planetary scale effects that


00:17:27.600 --> 00:17:30.510
accumulate over long time periods Dark


00:17:30.520 --> 00:17:32.230
Matter candidates range from weakly


00:17:32.240 --> 00:17:35.070
interacting massive particles wimps to


00:17:35.080 --> 00:17:38.029
axians to primordial black holes if any


00:17:38.039 --> 00:17:39.830
of these particles are indeed captured


00:17:39.840 --> 00:17:42.070
by planets the energy released when they


00:17:42.080 --> 00:17:44.070
annihilate each other could contribute


00:17:44.080 --> 00:17:46.070
to the heating and rotational effects


00:17:46.080 --> 00:17:48.710
described in the study as the authors


00:17:48.720 --> 00:17:50.549
note this research could prove


00:17:50.559 --> 00:17:52.190
especially valuable as Humanity


00:17:52.200 --> 00:17:53.950
continues searching for potentially


00:17:53.960 --> 00:17:57.190
habitable worlds beyond our solar system


00:17:57.200 --> 00:17:59.070
understanding how dark matter influences


00:17:59.080 --> 00:18:01.270
planetary conditions might help us


00:18:01.280 --> 00:18:03.230
better assess which exoplanets could


00:18:03.240 --> 00:18:05.630
support life adding yet another factor


00:18:05.640 --> 00:18:07.310
to consider in our quest to find a


00:18:07.320 --> 00:18:08.570
second home Among the


00:18:08.580 --> 00:18:09.750
[Music]


00:18:09.760 --> 00:18:11.950
Stars that wraps up today's Journey


00:18:11.960 --> 00:18:14.230
Through the cosmos from spacex's


00:18:14.240 --> 00:18:16.110
groundbreaking polar mission to the


00:18:16.120 --> 00:18:17.870
Intriguing effects of Dark Matter on


00:18:17.880 --> 00:18:20.230
planetary rotation we've covered some


00:18:20.240 --> 00:18:22.230
truly fascinating developments in space


00:18:22.240 --> 00:18:25.230
exploration and astronomy I'm Anna your


00:18:25.240 --> 00:18:27.110
Guide to the Stars here at astronomy


00:18:27.120 --> 00:18:29.950
daily and it's been my absolute pleasure


00:18:29.960 --> 00:18:32.310
sharing these stories with you space


00:18:32.320 --> 00:18:34.789
science moves at an incredible pace and


00:18:34.799 --> 00:18:36.590
there's always something new to discover


00:18:36.600 --> 00:18:38.830
together if you're hungry for more space


00:18:38.840 --> 00:18:41.070
news between our episodes I've got you


00:18:41.080 --> 00:18:44.510
covered head over to astronomy daily.


00:18:44.520 --> 00:18:46.470
where our constantly updating Newsfeed


00:18:46.480 --> 00:18:48.149
brings you the latest happenings in


00:18:48.159 --> 00:18:51.029
space and astronomy as they unfold


00:18:51.039 --> 00:18:52.990
you'll also find our complete episode


00:18:53.000 --> 00:18:55.230
archive there perfect for catching up on


00:18:55.240 --> 00:18:57.470
anything you might have missed the


00:18:57.480 --> 00:18:58.870
conversation doesn't end when our


00:18:58.880 --> 00:19:01.510
episodes do join our community of space


00:19:01.520 --> 00:19:03.750
enthusiasts on social media by searching


00:19:03.760 --> 00:19:06.350
for Astro daily pod you'll find us on X


00:19:06.360 --> 00:19:08.669
Facebook YouTube YouTube music Instagram


00:19:08.679 --> 00:19:10.710
and Tik Tok share your thoughts


00:19:10.720 --> 00:19:12.909
questions and astronomical observations


00:19:12.919 --> 00:19:15.350
with us we love hearing from fellow


00:19:15.360 --> 00:19:18.270
Cosmic explorers until next time keep


00:19:18.280 --> 00:19:20.830
looking up at those Stars the universe


00:19:20.840 --> 00:19:23.070
is vast and mysterious but together


00:19:23.080 --> 00:19:25.390
we're understanding more of it every day


00:19:25.400 --> 00:19:27.510
this is Anna signing off from astronomy


00:19:27.520 --> 00:19:29.350
daily where we believe the sky is just


00:19:29.360 --> 00:19:32.590
the beginning


00:19:32.600 --> 00:19:50.410
[Music]