SpaceX Scrubs Launch, Mars Tracks Interstellar Visitor, and Roman Telescope’s Game-Changing...

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Welcome to Astronomy Daily, the podcast


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that brings you the latest news from


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across the cosmos. I'm Avery.


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>> And I'm Anna. On the docket today, a


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lastminute launch scrub for SpaceX's


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massive ride share mission, a new way to


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track interstellar visitors using data


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from Mars, and a look at how NASA's


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upcoming Roman telescope is already set


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to exceed expectations.


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Plus, we'll cover a Thanksgiving Day


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launch to the International Space


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Station and a successful flight for


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South Korea's homegrown Nuri rocket.


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Let's get right into it. Anna, what


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happened with SpaceX?


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>> Well, it looks like a huge fleet of tiny


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satellites will have to wait a little


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longer to get into orbit. On Wednesday,


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SpaceX scrubbed the launch of their


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Transporter 15 mission.


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>> Oh, that's a shame. How close did they


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get? They were very close. The call came


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just over 15 minutes before the planned


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liftoff from Vandenberg Space Force Base


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in California.


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>> Any word on why technical issue?


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Weather.


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>> SpaceX hasn't disclosed a specific


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reason for the delay. But during the


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live commentary, a spokesperson


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emphasized their cautious approach.


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>> Right.


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>> They said, and I'm quoting here, there


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are a thousand ways that a launch can go


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wrong and only one way that it can go


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right. So if the team sees anything that


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looks even slightly off, they'll stop


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the countdown.


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>> That's a very good point. Better safe


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than sorry, especially with a payload


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that large. How many satellites were on


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ward again?


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>> A staggering


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140 satellites. It's a ride share


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mission, so it's an eclectic mix of


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customers. For example, Planet Labs has


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36 of their small superdub satellites on


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board, plus two of their larger Pelican


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satellites. Wow, that's a lot of eyes on


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Earth.


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>> Exactly. The European Space Agency also


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has a pair of satellites to monitor


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Earth's water cycle. And there are


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dozens more from companies and agencies


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all over the world from Taiwan to Italy.


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There's even a spacecraft from the


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company Varta, which launches


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experiments that can return to Earth in


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re-entry capsules.


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>> And this was on one of their veteran


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boosters, wasn't it?


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>> It was. The first stage of this Falcon 9


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has already flown 29 times before. The


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plan was and still is for it to land on


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the drone ship Of course I Still Love


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You in the Pacific to be prepped for its


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30th flight.


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>> Incredible. So, when is the next


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attempt?


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>> The next launch opportunity is Friday,


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November 28th at 1:19 p.m. Eastern time.


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We'll be keeping our fingers crossed for


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them.


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>> 30 flights for a single booster is


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astounding. It really speaks to the


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maturity of their reusability program.


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You mentioned the company's cautious


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approach. Is there any speculation on


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the specific nature of the issue that


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caused the scrub? Was it related to the


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vehicle, the payload, or ground systems?


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>> SpaceX maintains a tight lid on the


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details of these holds, but sources


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familiar with the operation suggest it


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was likely a sensor reading on the


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ground support equipment that was


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trending out of its expected range. It


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could be something as simple as a


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temperature or pressure reading in a


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propellant line. The automated countdown


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system is designed to halt for any


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anomaly, no matter how small, to give


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engineers time to evaluate the data.


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It's a philosophy that has served them


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well, preventing potential failures.


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>> That makes sense. And with a veteran


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booster like B1062, which has 29 flights


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under its belt, are there additional


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checks and balances in place? I imagine


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there's a lot of focus on potential


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metal fatigue or wear on components that


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have been through dozens of launch and


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landing cycles.


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>> Absolutely. That's a huge part of the


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refurbishment process. Between each


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flight, the booster undergoes extensive


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non-destructive testing, including


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ultrasonic and X-ray inspections to


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check for microscopic cracks in the


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structure and welds. They also swap out


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highear components like engines and grid


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fins on a regular schedule long before


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they are expected to fail. Each flight


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provides a wealth of data that refineses


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their understanding of the vehicle's


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life cycle, allowing them to confidently


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push the boundaries of what these


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reusable rockets can do.


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>> Absolutely. From keeping things on the


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ground to tracking things flying through


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deep space, our next story is an update


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about the third interstellar object ever


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detected. Three I/ATLS.


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>> Right. These are fascinating. Visitors


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from beyond our solar system. The big


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challenge is always figuring out where


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they came from and where they're going.


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>> And getting an accurate trajectory is


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key. Astronomers just got a huge boost


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in that department thanks to a very


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innovative approach using data from a


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spacecraft orbiting Mars.


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>> Mars? You mean the ExoMars trace gas


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orbiter?


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>> That's the one. Until October, we could


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only track three I/ATLS


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from Earthbased telescopes. But as it


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flew past Mars, the TJO and Mars Express


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orbiters got to see it from a completely


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different angle.


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Ah, so they could triangulate its


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position. That makes sense.


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>> Exactly. And it was a huge success. By


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combining the data from Mars with the


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observations from Earth, they improved


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the prediction of the comet's path by a


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factor of 10. This is actually the first


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time data from a spacecraft orbiting


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another planet has been used to do this.


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>> That's a fantastic milestone. So, where


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is 3/ATLS


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now? It just made its closest pass to


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the sun on October 30th and is now


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blazing out of the solar system at


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speeds up to 250,000 km per hour.


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>> Wow. And it's not coming anywhere near


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us, right?


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>> Not at all. It'll pass Earth on December


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19th at a very safe distance of 270


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million km. That's almost twice the


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distance between the Earth and the Sun.


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But this improved trajectory means


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telescopes in other spacecraft can now


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track it with much greater accuracy to


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learn more about it.


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>> And there's a bigger picture here, too.


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This isn't just about this one object.


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This entire exercise served as a


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valuable test for planetary defense.


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>> A kind of rehearsal.


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>> Yes. And the implications of this


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improved accuracy are significant. A


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more precise trajectory allows


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astronomers to more confidently trace


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the object's path backward in time,


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helping to narrow down its potential


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origin among the nearby stars. It's like


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cosmic detective work, trying to find


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its home address. This also allows for


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much more efficient follow-up


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observations from other telescopes,


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including space-based assets like the


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James Web Space Telescope, which can now


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be pointed with greater certainty. And


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what are they hoping to find with those


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powerful telescopes? Is there anything


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particularly unusual about three I/ATLS


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composition compared to the comets born


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in our own solar system?


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>> That is the milliondoll question. So


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far, from a distance, it appears to be a


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fairly typical water icer comet. But


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that in itself is a profound discovery.


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It suggests that the chemical makeup of


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planet forming discs might be quite


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similar across the galaxy. The detailed


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spectroscopic analysis that will now be


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possible will break down the light from


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its coma to identify the specific ratios


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of different ices, organic molecules,


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and dust. This is our only way of


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directly sampling the raw ingredients


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from another solar system.


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>> It's great to see these capabilities


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being tested and proven. All right,


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moving from the solar system to the


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stars themselves. Our next story is


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about a telescope that hasn't even


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launched yet.


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>> You must be talking about NASA's Nancy


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Grace Roman Space Telescope. It's


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scheduled for launch between 2026 and


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2027, but it's already making waves. I


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know it's designed to study dark matter


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and dark energy, but new findings


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suggest it's going to do much more,


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especially when it comes to the stars


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that host exoplanets.


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>> That's right. According to a new paper


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in the Astrophysical Journal, Roman's


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capabilities in astrocismology could be


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a gamecher.


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>> Astroismology,


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that's the study of star quakes, right?


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The seismic waves that ripple across a


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star surface.


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>> Precisely. and Roman is uniquely


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equipped for it. Its fielder view is 100


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times broader than Hubble's. This will


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allow it to observe a staggering number


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of stars in incredible detail and detect


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those subtle seismic waves on over


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300,000 red giants.


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>> And by studying those waves, we can


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learn about the stars interior.


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>> We can determine its mass, size, and age


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with unprecedented accuracy. As the


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study's leader, Trevor Weiss put it,


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"That information will give us a lot of


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insight on exoplanets themselves."


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Understanding the host star is crucial


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to understanding its planets, their


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potential for habitability, and the


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future of that planetary system.


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>> This ties into one of Roman's main


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missions, right? The Galactic Bulge Time


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domain survey.


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>> It does. That survey will use


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gravitational microlensing to find


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exoplanets. But this added astroismic


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data means we'll get a complete picture


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of not just the planets but the entire


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system. And since the galactic bulge


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contains some of the oldest stars in our


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galaxy, studying them will also give us


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profound insights into our galaxy's


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history and evolution.


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>> So Roman will basically be a time


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machine looking back at the history of


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star formation in our galaxy. What an


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incredible instrument.


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>> It really is. The data it collects will


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be the largest astroseismic data set


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ever compiled.


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>> Okay, let's bring it back closer to home


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for our final stories of the day. We


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have a crew launch and the successful


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rocket flight to cover. First up, a very


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timely trip to the International Space


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Station.


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>> That's right. One NASA astronaut and two


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Ros Cosmos cosminauts are counting down


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to liftoff on Thanksgiving Day from the


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Bikenor Cosmo Drrome in Kazakhstan.


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They're about to begin an eight-month


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mission aboard the station. Who's


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flying? NASA astronaut Chris Williams


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along with Rose Cosmo's cosminauts


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Sergey Kudkov and Sergey Mikv. Their


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Soya's MS28 spacecraft is set to launch


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at 4:27 a.m. Eastern time on Thursday.


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And it's a quick trip, right? Very


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quick. They'll orbit Earth just twice


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before docking with the Rasfitit module


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at 7:38 a.m. Eastern, just over 3 hours


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after launch. They'll expand the


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Expedition 73 crew from 7 to 10 members.


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>> What a way to spend Thanksgiving. And


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while they're getting ready to launch,


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another country just had a big success.


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>> Yes, South Korea's homegrown Nuri rocket


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has flown for the fourth time, and it


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was another success. The rocket lifted


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off from the Naro Space Center on


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November 26th.


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>> That's great news for their space


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program. What was the payload?


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>> The main payload was an Earth


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observation satellite called CASS5003,


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which will study Auroras and another


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atmospheric phenomenon called Airglow.


00:11:42.160 --> 00:11:44.550
It also carried a dozen smaller ride


00:11:44.560 --> 00:11:46.710
share cube sets for various companies


00:11:46.720 --> 00:11:48.949
and research institutions.


00:11:48.959 --> 00:11:51.030
This launch was significant for a couple


00:11:51.040 --> 00:11:53.110
of other reasons too, wasn't it?


00:11:53.120 --> 00:11:54.630
>> It was the first launch since the


00:11:54.640 --> 00:11:56.710
establishment of the Korea Aerospace


00:11:56.720 --> 00:12:00.150
Administration or CASA back in May. It


00:12:00.160 --> 00:12:02.069
was also the first time that a private


00:12:02.079 --> 00:12:04.470
system integration company was in charge


00:12:04.480 --> 00:12:06.790
of the rocket's production and assembly,


00:12:06.800 --> 00:12:08.230
marking a big step towards


00:12:08.240 --> 00:12:10.230
commercialization for South Korea's


00:12:10.240 --> 00:12:11.750
launch industry.


00:12:11.760 --> 00:12:14.389
>> Fantastic to see that progress. And that


00:12:14.399 --> 00:12:15.990
brings us to the end of another busy day


00:12:16.000 --> 00:12:17.030
in space news.


00:12:17.040 --> 00:12:18.949
>> From launch scrubs on Earth to


00:12:18.959 --> 00:12:21.350
interstellar tracking from Mars and a


00:12:21.360 --> 00:12:23.269
successful flight for South Korea, it's


00:12:23.279 --> 00:12:25.269
been quite the day. Thanks so much for


00:12:25.279 --> 00:12:27.030
tuning in to Astronomy Daily.


00:12:27.040 --> 00:12:28.949
>> Be sure to subscribe wherever you get


00:12:28.959 --> 00:12:30.629
your podcast so you don't miss an


00:12:30.639 --> 00:12:33.430
episode. Until next time, I'm Avery


00:12:33.440 --> 00:12:34.949
>> and I'm Anna.


00:12:34.959 --> 00:12:39.910
>> Keep looking up.


00:12:39.920 --> 00:12:47.110
told


00:12:47.120 --> 00:12:55.110
stories.


00:12:55.120 --> 00:12:58.760
Stories were told.