Meteorite Doorbells, Space Treaties & Panspermia Possibilities: #489 - The Great Cosmic Debate |...

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Language: en

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hi there thanks for joining us this is


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Space Nuts once again my name is Andrew


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Dunley it's great to have your company


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uh we have got a lot on this particular


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episode we're going to talk about


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something that was said during the


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inauguration speech of one Donald Trump


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we're going to listen to a meteorite


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striking somebody's front door in Canada


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or close enough and we're going to look


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at a couple of space launchers one that


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had a bit of a disassembly and one of


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them that successful although there was


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a bit of an issue with sticking the


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landing on that one as well pan spermia


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is in the news again and if we can fit


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anything else in we will that's all


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coming up on this edition of Space Nuts


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15 seconds guidance is internal 10 9


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ignition sequence start Space Nuts 5 4 3


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2 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 3 2 1 Space Nuts as the


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nuts report it meals


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good yes indeed and it is good to


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welcome again johy Horner professor of


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astrophysics at the University of


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Southern Queensland sitting in for Fred


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who's gallivanting around the Northern


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Hemisphere somewhere up in the uh in the


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Deep cold looking at stuff jonty hello


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hello and yeah I'm continuing to be the


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substitute yorman this week so that's


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it's good to be here it's great to have


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you you're doing a fabulous job and uh


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yeah we're really really pleased to have


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you you uh I wanted to start this week


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with uh the inauguration speech of one


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Donald Trump uh who um had select guests


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in his audience they had to actually


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move it for the first time in 40 years


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because it was so bitterly


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cold and so there was a a limited


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audience um one might do guy who was


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always talking about people being


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snowflakes out of um


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Poss and


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uh there's been a lot of reporting on


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some of the things that uh Donald Trump


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said in his uh opening speech uh his


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inauguration speech and one of them was


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we will pursue our Manifest Destiny to


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plant the stars and stripes on planet


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Mars now uh this this sort of follows on


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from his um his desire to increase US


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territory now isn't there some kind of


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uh space treaty that bans us owning


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anything off Planet there is this is the


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space treaty back in 1967 and it's an


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interesting one of how the world has


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changed because back then the only


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people really involved in doing anything


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in space were a few select nation states


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who were doing a lot of things as a way


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of proving that they were bigger and


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stronger than their rals as much as


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anything else but this was a un


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declaration that the US is a signator


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and one of the many things covered in


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the space is the fact that there is no


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ownership of things off the Earth the


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idea that things should be for everybody


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rather than for select States and that's


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never really been challenged because


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we've never had the wherewithal to


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occupy and take over things in space we


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can land there we can drive stuff around


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but it's like the moon you know the US


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can land on the moon but there's no way


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they can stop China Landing over on the


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moon they can claim things and protect


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them in any way now there's two sides to


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this Donald Trump thing on the one hand


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fabulous uh to some degree the support


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there for space exploration going


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forward and it does seem like it's been


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an ongoing tennis match for 60 years of


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one side saying we'll go to the Moon


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then four years later the other side


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next saying n we'll scrap going to the


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Moon we'll go to Mars and back and forth


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so it's really positive seeing some


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continued engagement with that side of


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space stuff on the flip side the


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language is a little concerning so I


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mean you know you get there you put the


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flag in to say we got here that's one


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thing if you're putting the flag in as a


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point of ownership then that's an


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entirely different thing and it'll be


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very interesting to see what that Sparks


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in terms of reaction from China for


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example who also have aspirations to go


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to Mars and whether any of this is


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enforceable now there's been a lot of


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discussion about the space treaty anyway


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in the context of the commercial use of


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space because like I said when it was


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put together very few nations were


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involved in space and it was a nation


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thing and now it's a commercial thing


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yeah the great bulk of launchers to


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space are no longer research missions


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launched by governments their commercial


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initiatives launched by companies and


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that's a very different way of doing


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things and legislation just hasn't kept


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up you know there's a lot of discussions


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about the likes of sty link and the


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proposed Amazon Mega constellation and


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many many others and what the legality


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of that is and should we be doing it all


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and how do people have a right to


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control what is put in the sky above


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them and none of that's really covered


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because the legislation hasn't kept up


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so is very much like the wild west and


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this is just yet another reflection of


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that in terms of it's all well and good


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having a treaty that is more than 60


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years old that says you can't ear things


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in space we can't build a presence there


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but the reality is if they go there and


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put the flag in and say this is ours now


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and they have the wherewithal to defend


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that claim which is another thing


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entirely who's going to stop them yeah


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well that's that yes that's The $64,000


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Question and his um his richest


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supporter wants to put a colony on Mars


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so there's every chance that they've had


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a bit of a chat about this pre speech


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too I remember many years ago Elon Elon


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the great what a wonderful character I I


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have opinions there which I probably


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shouldn't dig into too much but he said


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that he has this great aspiration that


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he should be the first person to die on


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Mars and I think if you talk to a lot of


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astronomers there's some interesting


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thoughts on whether that would be a good


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thing or


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not yes and uh yes there were a few


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other things things at the inauguration


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speech and the Afterparty if we can call


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it that that uh yeah we're not going to


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go into involving Elon but he got plenty


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of coverage on that in the news as well


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but yeah it's it's a really dicey one


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and one wonders what will happen going


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forward you mentioned China they were


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invited to the inauguration I think the


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vice president uh or the vice Premier or


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whatever the title is for China uh did


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go so um maybe that's a good sign that


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relations between the two countries


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might be um warming up a bit but we'll


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uh we'll have to wait and see it's early


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days uh but the next four years will be


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fascinating to say the least interesting


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to I think yes indeed uh let's move on


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uh to something uh as interesting but


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completely different and this this is


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where um household technology has become


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such an amazing thing I remember when I


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first got a camera at my front door at a


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house we used to live in it actually


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recorded a lightning strike uh which was


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amazing uh over in Canada the other day


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a meteorite strike was recorded by a


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door Cam and they not only got the


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vision of the thing hitting the


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porch uh they uh they got the audio and


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it sounded something like


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this that's a quite a record I think


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I've got it


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again there we go um that's fascinating


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JY isn't it oh it's just so awesome I


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mean one of the first things I thought


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about on this when I saw the photos and


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the footage was hang on this is Canada


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which is notoriously cold and snowy and


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all the footage is green and verdant


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turns out that this event actually


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happened in July last year but we're


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only now getting to hear about it


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because there's been an official naming


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of this mey right after the town that it


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landed in so it's a the Charlotte Town


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mey right now and that's why this has


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finally come out as a story so it's one


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of these interesting things with stories


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like this that you don't often hear


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about the news when it's new you some


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you have to he about it when something


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triggers that release but it's


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absolutely fabulous so there's actually


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a photograph I've got up on my other


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screen at the minute showing where this


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meteorite hit and it's hit on the


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Redstone driveway essentially which is


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why you hear that smashing shattering


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sound because this was a conric type


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meteorite so it was quite fragile Frable


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and so when it hit the ground and it hit


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the ground traveling at what you


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describe as terminal velocity so it


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wasn't coming in at kilometers a second


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at this point it's coming in a couple of


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hundred miles an hour ex that's the


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atmosphere had slowed it down


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essentially so it landed essentially


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like if you dropped a rock from a an


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aircraft or dropped a rock from a couple


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hundred meters up hit the ground the


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ground was harder and this thing


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shattered so the noise you're hearing is


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the initial impact and then all the bits


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scattering around this was a single


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impactor and you see this beautiful


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spray Distribution on the driveway on


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this Photograph that looks very much


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like a ray Creator on the moon very


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similar but also very reminiscent of the


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similar impact that happened in the UK


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just a couple of years ago that was also


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a conr that hit somebody's driveway and


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they did a really good job of collecting


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it so it's really nice to see the


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similarities and just looking at that


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debris and the scatter pattern you can


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tell that this isn't an iron meteorite


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that it was something quite light and


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fragile even before the bits got


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analyzed the fact that on the video feed


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from this you know doorbell camera you


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see as Freeze Frame and you can actually


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see the rock as it's coming in


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the frame rate was high enough that the


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frame before the impact happened there's


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this black Speck in front of the sky


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that is a rock just before impact and


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that has to be unique I don't think


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there's ever been any record like that


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of an impact as it happened when it


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happened from closeup we saw comic


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schumak le9 hit Jupiter but even then


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the impacts were around the back of that


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planet we've seen a few impacts on


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Jupiter's face since but that seeing an


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event at 600 million kilm separation is


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very different seeing a mobile camera


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showing a


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rock six foot above the ground that is


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about to hit that is a part of a


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celestial object that's just awesome it


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is awesome uh they collected some


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fragments and um that that sort of


00:10:14.519 --> 00:10:17.470
prompted you to think uh about how this


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should or shouldn't be done yeah there's


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some really good and really bad examples


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of what to do if you think you found a


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meteorite and this aside 99.9% of the


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time when people think they found a


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meteorite on the ground they haven't but


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a common thing people do is touch what


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they' found to a magnet because ion


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meteorites will be trapped to the magnet


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this is really bad so everybody I know


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who works in meteorite studies strongly


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strongly strongly says please please


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please do not bring magnets anywhere


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near them because one of the cool things


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about meteorites is they preserve the


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history of the early solar system are


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one of the things locked in them is any


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evidence of weak magnetic fields back


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then and if bring a magnet next to but


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you wipe all that history oh right I


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likeing a hard drive absolutely yeah


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it's a little bit a little bit sad the


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other thing I've seen that a couple of


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people have done that is really fabulous


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is if you get there very quickly when


00:11:13.040 --> 00:11:14.829
something's Fallen it's not going to be


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steaming hot boiling hot like you see in


00:11:17.160 --> 00:11:18.829
the movies it'll actually probably be


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CLA cold and water will be condensing on


00:11:21.200 --> 00:11:23.629
it but if you want to pick it up one of


00:11:23.639 --> 00:11:25.069
the things about freshly fallen


00:11:25.079 --> 00:11:27.430
meteorites that's exciting is they are


00:11:27.440 --> 00:11:29.509
preserving evidence of another the


00:11:29.519 --> 00:11:32.030
celestial body and people are interested


00:11:32.040 --> 00:11:34.870
in things like possible precursor


00:11:34.880 --> 00:11:36.790
compounds to Life Could there have been


00:11:36.800 --> 00:11:39.430
life there or protolife or things like


00:11:39.440 --> 00:11:41.710
that where does it have come from now if


00:11:41.720 --> 00:11:43.430
you go and grab it with your sweaty


00:11:43.440 --> 00:11:45.190
human hand covered with oils and all the


00:11:45.200 --> 00:11:47.870
rest of it you contaminate it now I've


00:11:47.880 --> 00:11:49.030
got a couple of dogs one of them is


00:11:49.040 --> 00:11:50.350
asleep here and when we take them for


00:11:50.360 --> 00:11:51.870
their walk they sometimes decide to do


00:11:51.880 --> 00:11:53.550
their business and we've got very


00:11:53.560 --> 00:11:54.990
skilled at getting these little plastic


00:11:55.000 --> 00:11:56.470
bags and putting the bag over our hand


00:11:56.480 --> 00:11:59.030
and then picking the unmentionables up


00:11:59.040 --> 00:12:01.590
and putting the bag over it so that


00:12:01.600 --> 00:12:03.870
there's no contact between human flesh


00:12:03.880 --> 00:12:06.190
and that which you wish to not touch in


00:12:06.200 --> 00:12:08.350
this case and the same kind of thing


00:12:08.360 --> 00:12:09.910
would work for meteorites so if you


00:12:09.920 --> 00:12:11.590
found If You observe this happen on your


00:12:11.600 --> 00:12:13.430
ring doorbell or other products are


00:12:13.440 --> 00:12:16.269
available you know see this happen don't


00:12:16.279 --> 00:12:18.350
go pick it up with your hand if you can


00:12:18.360 --> 00:12:20.949
bagg it as if it's dop seriously and


00:12:20.959 --> 00:12:23.470
then if you can store it in the freezer


00:12:23.480 --> 00:12:24.870
so there's a fabulous story of a


00:12:24.880 --> 00:12:27.750
meteorite that fell in Canada again that


00:12:27.760 --> 00:12:29.389
fell on a frozen lake in the the middle


00:12:29.399 --> 00:12:31.550
of winter and was recovered and they


00:12:31.560 --> 00:12:33.230
actually managed to bag baggy it and


00:12:33.240 --> 00:12:35.870
store it in the freezer and the people


00:12:35.880 --> 00:12:37.710
who did that the scientists are thrilled


00:12:37.720 --> 00:12:38.990
with them because it turned out that


00:12:39.000 --> 00:12:41.750
that meteorite was incredibly rare in


00:12:41.760 --> 00:12:43.750
that it is pretty much the only one we


00:12:43.760 --> 00:12:45.710
found with volatile material still in it


00:12:45.720 --> 00:12:47.110
and if it had fallen somewhere where it


00:12:47.120 --> 00:12:49.110
was above freezing that would have just


00:12:49.120 --> 00:12:51.430
melted and dribbled out of it but what


00:12:51.440 --> 00:12:52.829
it thought is that that may well have


00:12:52.839 --> 00:12:54.550
actually been more cometry material than


00:12:54.560 --> 00:12:56.590
asteroidal material and all the things


00:12:56.600 --> 00:12:58.509
that we were able to learn from it were


00:12:58.519 --> 00:13:00.030
ensured by the fact that the people who


00:13:00.040 --> 00:13:01.550
found it a it was preserved because it


00:13:01.560 --> 00:13:03.910
fell somewhere really Cur so it stayed


00:13:03.920 --> 00:13:06.670
Christine but then when it was collected


00:13:06.680 --> 00:13:08.269
they bagged it up the right way they put


00:13:08.279 --> 00:13:10.910
it in the freezer and they stored it now


00:13:10.920 --> 00:13:12.550
lot to remember and the odds are nobody


00:13:12.560 --> 00:13:13.790
listening to this will ever have the


00:13:13.800 --> 00:13:15.389
Good Fortune of having a meteor Outland


00:13:15.399 --> 00:13:17.870
on the driveway but if you ever do it's


00:13:17.880 --> 00:13:19.310
good to do the right thing because that


00:13:19.320 --> 00:13:20.710
makes something that's already very


00:13:20.720 --> 00:13:23.870
valuable even more precious to


00:13:23.880 --> 00:13:26.509
scientists yeah that that's good advice


00:13:26.519 --> 00:13:29.870
um and some more advice uh if you do


00:13:29.880 --> 00:13:31.829
um you know practice what you preach and


00:13:31.839 --> 00:13:34.230
pick up the dog poo don't put it in the


00:13:34.240 --> 00:13:36.470
freezer next to the sausages don't mix


00:13:36.480 --> 00:13:38.470
it up with the meteoro fragments because


00:13:38.480 --> 00:13:41.670
you know that could be very


00:13:41.680 --> 00:13:45.110
to um yeah but great story and quite


00:13:45.120 --> 00:13:46.750
amazing footage if you haven't seen it


00:13:46.760 --> 00:13:49.030
jump online and have a look for the um


00:13:49.040 --> 00:13:51.310
um I think it was a ring camera that


00:13:51.320 --> 00:13:53.829
they were us think it


00:13:53.839 --> 00:13:56.629
was okay this is Space Nuts Andrew


00:13:56.639 --> 00:14:00.430
Dunley here with Jodi horn


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00:15:55.000 --> 00:16:02.110
show 3 2 1 SP nuts next story jonty


00:16:02.120 --> 00:16:06.590
involves uh Space X and this was a test


00:16:06.600 --> 00:16:10.910
flight of their um uh one of their uh


00:16:10.920 --> 00:16:13.990
Mega Rockets the Starship and and uh


00:16:14.000 --> 00:16:16.829
well things went well and not well I


00:16:16.839 --> 00:16:19.590
think they uh they got the um the big


00:16:19.600 --> 00:16:21.590
bit back with the with the Chopsticks


00:16:21.600 --> 00:16:23.990
but the other bit uh well it created


00:16:24.000 --> 00:16:27.269
quite a l show Absolutely and this came


00:16:27.279 --> 00:16:28.990
very quickly to my attention when I I


00:16:29.000 --> 00:16:30.949
got up that morning and looked on


00:16:30.959 --> 00:16:32.990
various platforms and there's the most


00:16:33.000 --> 00:16:35.749
astonishingly beautiful footage taken


00:16:35.759 --> 00:16:39.269
over the turken Kos islands of what it's


00:16:39.279 --> 00:16:40.829
clearly space junk so it's coming in


00:16:40.839 --> 00:16:44.069
much too slowly to be a meteorite or


00:16:44.079 --> 00:16:46.030
something from Beyond the Earth's


00:16:46.040 --> 00:16:47.550
immediate environment they come in much


00:16:47.560 --> 00:16:49.710
much quicker you've got this beautiful


00:16:49.720 --> 00:16:51.710
shower of Sparks moving slowly across


00:16:51.720 --> 00:16:53.749
the sky I mean slowly is a relative term


00:16:53.759 --> 00:16:55.790
slowly compared to when you've seen


00:16:55.800 --> 00:16:57.829
meteor showers and Fireballs fast


00:16:57.839 --> 00:17:00.470
compared to a helicopter an aircraft


00:17:00.480 --> 00:17:02.670
high up but incredibly multicolored


00:17:02.680 --> 00:17:04.829
incredibly bright visible during the


00:17:04.839 --> 00:17:08.230
daytime and it was very quickly make


00:17:08.240 --> 00:17:10.510
clear that this was the remnants of the


00:17:10.520 --> 00:17:13.510
upper stage of the Starship test launch


00:17:13.520 --> 00:17:15.870
so they launched this rocket that is 123


00:17:15.880 --> 00:17:18.590
M tall which boggles my mind to begin


00:17:18.600 --> 00:17:21.069
with yes after the first stage separated


00:17:21.079 --> 00:17:23.110
the lower stage which is the bigger bit


00:17:23.120 --> 00:17:24.710
successfully came back and landed which


00:17:24.720 --> 00:17:26.630
is an incredible achievement they


00:17:26.640 --> 00:17:28.630
captured it landed safely ready to reuse


00:17:28.640 --> 00:17:30.070
again


00:17:30.080 --> 00:17:31.710
but about 8 and a half minutes into the


00:17:31.720 --> 00:17:33.909
flight the upper stage encountered a


00:17:33.919 --> 00:17:36.350
problem and self-destructed it's what


00:17:36.360 --> 00:17:39.789
basex have coined a rapid unscheduled


00:17:39.799 --> 00:17:42.190
disassembly which I think is kind of


00:17:42.200 --> 00:17:45.430
whimsical but that's lovely and it it


00:17:45.440 --> 00:17:47.230
was exploded deliberately when something


00:17:47.240 --> 00:17:48.549
goes wrong you don't want it going out


00:17:48.559 --> 00:17:51.830
of control so things are terminated and


00:17:51.840 --> 00:17:53.470
then it fell back to her through the


00:17:53.480 --> 00:17:56.430
atmosphere and a blad burned up high in


00:17:56.440 --> 00:17:58.390
the sky putting on a spectacular show


00:17:58.400 --> 00:17:59.590
now


00:17:59.600 --> 00:18:01.190
a lot of people go oh no things have


00:18:01.200 --> 00:18:03.190
blown up that's terrible and SpaceX are


00:18:03.200 --> 00:18:06.909
fairly positive about it um because I


00:18:06.919 --> 00:18:08.310
guess with space flight the argument is


00:18:08.320 --> 00:18:09.390
you don't make an omelet without


00:18:09.400 --> 00:18:12.390
breaking eggs the entire history of


00:18:12.400 --> 00:18:15.789
space flight is Success built on failure


00:18:15.799 --> 00:18:17.710
and when something fails that's actually


00:18:17.720 --> 00:18:20.230
a real success in its own right because


00:18:20.240 --> 00:18:21.990
it allows you to identify something that


00:18:22.000 --> 00:18:24.110
could go wrong and fix it so that it


00:18:24.120 --> 00:18:26.190
never goes wrong again so this kind of


00:18:26.200 --> 00:18:28.390
thing has been a standard part of space


00:18:28.400 --> 00:18:30.950
EX history and their great success is


00:18:30.960 --> 00:18:32.350
that they accept these things and build


00:18:32.360 --> 00:18:34.710
on them it did have some interesting


00:18:34.720 --> 00:18:37.270
kind of side effects so I saw an


00:18:37.280 --> 00:18:40.029
interesting thread on Reddit um from a


00:18:40.039 --> 00:18:41.510
pilot who'd been in the air when this


00:18:41.520 --> 00:18:42.990
happened and they'd had to divert


00:18:43.000 --> 00:18:44.549
because obviously that shonfield where


00:18:44.559 --> 00:18:47.710
this is coming down has to become closed


00:18:47.720 --> 00:18:50.510
airspace for I think he said the the


00:18:50.520 --> 00:18:52.430
rules and regulations were 30 minutes


00:18:52.440 --> 00:18:53.510
after it


00:18:53.520 --> 00:18:55.990
finishes in order to be just in case


00:18:56.000 --> 00:18:57.430
just to be safe because the ODS of one


00:18:57.440 --> 00:18:58.909
of these fragments hitting in aircraft


00:18:58.919 --> 00:19:01.310
are vanishingly small but they're a lot


00:19:01.320 --> 00:19:02.830
higher than if there's not one of these


00:19:02.840 --> 00:19:05.070
events happening so it's a safety thing


00:19:05.080 --> 00:19:06.870
and it turns out that aircraft only have


00:19:06.880 --> 00:19:09.430
a relatively small margin of fuel error


00:19:09.440 --> 00:19:10.950
so a couple of the planes involved had


00:19:10.960 --> 00:19:12.590
to declare what they call a fuel


00:19:12.600 --> 00:19:14.750
emergency which isn't as bad as it


00:19:14.760 --> 00:19:16.909
sounds I found this really fascinating


00:19:16.919 --> 00:19:17.990
reading through it because he was very


00:19:18.000 --> 00:19:20.230
detailed in it a fuel emergency is not


00:19:20.240 --> 00:19:22.110
saying oh my God we're doomed it's


00:19:22.120 --> 00:19:24.390
saying we're now onto our backup fuel so


00:19:24.400 --> 00:19:25.590
you need to bump it up the landing


00:19:25.600 --> 00:19:28.350
shedule so it's not panic panic it's


00:19:28.360 --> 00:19:31.470
more give us a priority Landing but it's


00:19:31.480 --> 00:19:33.230
still really interesting that you don't


00:19:33.240 --> 00:19:35.149
necessarily connect immediately SpaceX


00:19:35.159 --> 00:19:37.830
doing a rocket launch and somebody on an


00:19:37.840 --> 00:19:40.350
aircraft having to divert or having to


00:19:40.360 --> 00:19:41.870
be delayed because the rocket launch


00:19:41.880 --> 00:19:44.310
went wrong and at the minute we have


00:19:44.320 --> 00:19:46.270
more rocket launchers happening per week


00:19:46.280 --> 00:19:48.390
per day than there has ever been before


00:19:48.400 --> 00:19:49.710
and that's only going to get more and


00:19:49.720 --> 00:19:51.630
more common as the commercial EAS space


00:19:51.640 --> 00:19:54.590
gets even more common so this kind of ss


00:19:54.600 --> 00:19:56.230
an interesting insight into how all this


00:19:56.240 --> 00:19:58.909
stuff plays together as well as putting


00:19:58.919 --> 00:20:01.190
on an incredibly spectacular lro I mean


00:20:01.200 --> 00:20:03.029
the footage is well worth going out and


00:20:03.039 --> 00:20:05.190
looking for it cuz it's so stunning it


00:20:05.200 --> 00:20:08.549
is it's quite extraordinary I I had to


00:20:08.559 --> 00:20:11.390
laugh though because um


00:20:11.400 --> 00:20:14.870
SpaceX has this this habit of um stating


00:20:14.880 --> 00:20:19.190
the bleeding the obvious so Starship is


00:20:19.200 --> 00:20:22.510
a Starship uh and and the upper stage


00:20:22.520 --> 00:20:25.510
that actually um they had to destroy is


00:20:25.520 --> 00:20:29.789
called ship yeah


00:20:29.799 --> 00:20:33.390
okay all right well I mean that's what


00:20:33.400 --> 00:20:35.789
it is uh it's a spaceship so they just


00:20:35.799 --> 00:20:39.590
called it ship um


00:20:39.600 --> 00:20:42.350
gosh do I guess it doesn't really matter


00:20:42.360 --> 00:20:44.990
what you call anything but uh you people


00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:46.950
look back in the future at the history


00:20:46.960 --> 00:20:51.430
of these pioneering events and go oh


00:20:51.440 --> 00:20:52.950
they really didn't put much thought into


00:20:52.960 --> 00:20:54.830
that did they I think they've actually


00:20:54.840 --> 00:20:58.029
done quite a good job about getting


00:20:58.039 --> 00:20:59.870
people on B and actually giving things


00:20:59.880 --> 00:21:02.350
Whimsical names you know things that


00:21:02.360 --> 00:21:04.789
stick in the mind so my memory is and


00:21:04.799 --> 00:21:06.070
you know feel free to correct me if I'm


00:21:06.080 --> 00:21:07.590
wrong here but my memory is that the


00:21:07.600 --> 00:21:10.070
platforms that they bring the spacecraft


00:21:10.080 --> 00:21:12.390
back to are named after some of the


00:21:12.400 --> 00:21:14.230
ships from the culture novels by inm


00:21:14.240 --> 00:21:17.070
Banks which are fabulous fabulous books


00:21:17.080 --> 00:21:18.630
and that's a Lely little touch because


00:21:18.640 --> 00:21:20.310
those names themselves are a little bit


00:21:20.320 --> 00:21:23.390
quirky and a little bit Whimsical and


00:21:23.400 --> 00:21:25.149
there's a a fairly good history of


00:21:25.159 --> 00:21:27.590
giving things quirky names and also kind


00:21:27.600 --> 00:21:29.710
of almost


00:21:29.720 --> 00:21:32.190
arzinger when they got their own Twitter


00:21:32.200 --> 00:21:34.350
accounts back in the day and people


00:21:34.360 --> 00:21:36.549
really got hooked into the human journey


00:21:36.559 --> 00:21:39.710
of this artificial Lander on Mars and I


00:21:39.720 --> 00:21:41.269
think companies are becoming aware of


00:21:41.279 --> 00:21:42.750
this and thinking it's a really good way


00:21:42.760 --> 00:21:44.230
of helping the public opinion and


00:21:44.240 --> 00:21:45.549
getting people more aware of what's


00:21:45.559 --> 00:21:47.630
going on and these things stick a lot


00:21:47.640 --> 00:21:50.669
better in your head than a


00:21:50.679 --> 00:21:52.909
barcod yeah absolutely I was just trying


00:21:52.919 --> 00:21:55.230
to look up some of the names of um the


00:21:55.240 --> 00:21:59.269
SpaceX landing pads but uh they are


00:21:59.279 --> 00:22:02.070
not jumping out in front of me but um


00:22:02.080 --> 00:22:04.310
yeah I've I've heard some of them and


00:22:04.320 --> 00:22:06.390
yeah you're right they are very very


00:22:06.400 --> 00:22:09.990
very unusual some of them um while we're


00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:14.230
talking about um the SpaceX disassembly


00:22:14.240 --> 00:22:17.789
uh we can't really go past uh blue


00:22:17.799 --> 00:22:19.990
origin which is probably going to become


00:22:20.000 --> 00:22:22.310
spacex's most direct competitor amongst


00:22:22.320 --> 00:22:25.510
others and they've had success with and


00:22:25.520 --> 00:22:28.070
here's another name um the launch of new


00:22:28.080 --> 00:22:29.310
Glenn


00:22:29.320 --> 00:22:31.630
yes and this is a been a long time


00:22:31.640 --> 00:22:33.110
coming it was initially meant to launch


00:22:33.120 --> 00:22:34.950
in about 2020 but they've taken it


00:22:34.960 --> 00:22:36.830
careful postponed improved popon


00:22:36.840 --> 00:22:39.110
improved now this was a smaller rocket


00:22:39.120 --> 00:22:40.390
and when I say a smaller I think it was


00:22:40.400 --> 00:22:44.269
only about 90 meters tall um but this is


00:22:44.279 --> 00:22:45.990
looking like it's going to be the big


00:22:46.000 --> 00:22:48.110
rival in long-term future to Sparx


00:22:48.120 --> 00:22:49.870
certainly in terms of competing for


00:22:49.880 --> 00:22:52.430
American grants and MAA


00:22:52.440 --> 00:22:54.430
opportunities blue origin have got


00:22:54.440 --> 00:22:56.269
interest just like Sparx in being


00:22:56.279 --> 00:22:59.070
involved in the you know ongoing emist


00:22:59.080 --> 00:23:01.190
stuff trying to get stuff to the Moon


00:23:01.200 --> 00:23:03.590
yeah and it's a really interesting


00:23:03.600 --> 00:23:05.269
mirror to the SpaceX launch because with


00:23:05.279 --> 00:23:07.190
the SpaceX launch the lower stage landed


00:23:07.200 --> 00:23:08.630
and was captured beautifully but the


00:23:08.640 --> 00:23:11.470
upper stage detonated with new Glenn


00:23:11.480 --> 00:23:13.190
their primary focus was to just get the


00:23:13.200 --> 00:23:15.590
rookie to orbit that was the goal it's


00:23:15.600 --> 00:23:17.870
the first ever test flight and that was


00:23:17.880 --> 00:23:20.470
achieved perfectly they had a secondary


00:23:20.480 --> 00:23:22.710
goal that was trying to land their main


00:23:22.720 --> 00:23:24.870
booster back on their launch pad and it


00:23:24.880 --> 00:23:27.510
didn't quite work so space has got the


00:23:27.520 --> 00:23:29.789
first part right blue origin got the


00:23:29.799 --> 00:23:32.950
second part right but it's a really nice


00:23:32.960 --> 00:23:34.590
bit of evidence that things are moving


00:23:34.600 --> 00:23:36.510
forward and again if we go back to when


00:23:36.520 --> 00:23:39.430
I was a teenager in the '90s


00:23:39.440 --> 00:23:41.830
if you told me then that you'd have had


00:23:41.840 --> 00:23:43.630
reusable launch vehicles that are a


00:23:43.640 --> 00:23:45.830
commercial thing that were doing this it


00:23:45.840 --> 00:23:47.830
blown me away and now it's become common


00:23:47.840 --> 00:23:50.269
place you know we have so many launches


00:23:50.279 --> 00:23:52.950
of satellites for commercial purposes


00:23:52.960 --> 00:23:54.269
going on that nobody ever hears about


00:23:54.279 --> 00:23:56.750
them unless they're really enthusiastic


00:23:56.760 --> 00:23:58.630
or something happens that shouldn't or


00:23:58.640 --> 00:24:00.350
something happens yeah it's that usual


00:24:00.360 --> 00:24:02.390
thing of nobody's interested in a news


00:24:02.400 --> 00:24:03.909
story saying that something happened and


00:24:03.919 --> 00:24:05.310
it went perfectly smoothly and it's


00:24:05.320 --> 00:24:07.029
perfectly mundan but when something goes


00:24:07.039 --> 00:24:11.070
wrong it's big news yeah yeah it is um


00:24:11.080 --> 00:24:14.750
so in both cases they had success and


00:24:14.760 --> 00:24:18.669
failure um and and both parties


00:24:18.679 --> 00:24:20.350
basically said no look this is good


00:24:20.360 --> 00:24:23.750
because we learn from these mistakes and


00:24:23.760 --> 00:24:25.750
uh and again you know you're looking at


00:24:25.760 --> 00:24:27.909
names I I I didn't look up what new


00:24:27.919 --> 00:24:29.110
Glenn


00:24:29.120 --> 00:24:31.750
stood for where it came from but uh it's


00:24:31.760 --> 00:24:33.669
an odd name for a


00:24:33.679 --> 00:24:35.950
spacecraft yes uh there's so many of


00:24:35.960 --> 00:24:37.430
these little things go around but it


00:24:37.440 --> 00:24:38.990
again it's six in the head it's better


00:24:39.000 --> 00:24:40.750
than rocket 11


00:24:40.760 --> 00:24:43.870
174b yeah true true I I found some of


00:24:43.880 --> 00:24:48.029
the names SpaceX uses for its um Landing


00:24:48.039 --> 00:24:50.350
sites the these were the barges I think


00:24:50.360 --> 00:24:52.389
that they were using that's right just


00:24:52.399 --> 00:24:54.990
read the instructions yeah uh of course


00:24:55.000 --> 00:24:57.710
I still love you and a short fall of


00:24:57.720 --> 00:25:01.750
Gravitas


00:25:01.760 --> 00:25:04.029
H God link back to these culture novels


00:25:04.039 --> 00:25:05.990
where I read them a long time ago and


00:25:06.000 --> 00:25:07.830
you've got this hyper Advanced future


00:25:07.840 --> 00:25:10.029
Society kind of thing where almost


00:25:10.039 --> 00:25:11.269
anything is possible and you've got


00:25:11.279 --> 00:25:14.750
these spits senent eyes that are far


00:25:14.760 --> 00:25:16.389
more intelligent than anything else but


00:25:16.399 --> 00:25:18.750
just kind of vaguely tolerate humans and


00:25:18.760 --> 00:25:20.710
all the other aliens as their passengers


00:25:20.720 --> 00:25:22.350
and have their own private inner lives


00:25:22.360 --> 00:25:25.669
and Communications with each other yeah


00:25:25.679 --> 00:25:27.269
they're quite heavy goinging boooks at


00:25:27.279 --> 00:25:28.630
times but that side of it it's just


00:25:28.640 --> 00:25:32.230
lovely yeah it is yeah well you know um


00:25:32.240 --> 00:25:36.070
I'm I'm a big believer in quirky so I I


00:25:36.080 --> 00:25:37.750
don't really have a problem with it but


00:25:37.760 --> 00:25:40.190
um yeah ship I think was probably you


00:25:40.200 --> 00:25:42.549
know that falls a bit


00:25:42.559 --> 00:25:45.590
short um yes but uh yeah uh if you want


00:25:45.600 --> 00:25:47.870
to chase up those stories you can read


00:25:47.880 --> 00:25:49.269
them on


00:25:49.279 --> 00:25:51.669
space.com this is Space Nuts with Andrew


00:25:51.679 --> 00:25:55.190
Dunley and Professor jonty


00:25:55.200 --> 00:25:58.909
hor okay we checked all four systems and


00:25:58.919 --> 00:26:03.310
Space Nuts now Johnny uh this this is um


00:26:03.320 --> 00:26:05.230
sort of a follow on story to something


00:26:05.240 --> 00:26:07.310
that Fred and I discussed more than once


00:26:07.320 --> 00:26:10.350
in recent times and that is uh looking


00:26:10.360 --> 00:26:12.269
at whether or not there might be life in


00:26:12.279 --> 00:26:16.789
the atmosphere of Venus uh and a new


00:26:16.799 --> 00:26:20.350
paper has been released that is


00:26:20.360 --> 00:26:24.110
actually suggesting that not only could


00:26:24.120 --> 00:26:27.350
there be life in the atmosphere of Venus


00:26:27.360 --> 00:26:29.070
and they're not saying there is is could


00:26:29.080 --> 00:26:32.669
be it may well have come from Earth yeah


00:26:32.679 --> 00:26:35.190
that's that's interesting in itself and


00:26:35.200 --> 00:26:38.230
and they've backed it up with some um


00:26:38.240 --> 00:26:41.029
well data that they believe suggests


00:26:41.039 --> 00:26:44.389
it's a it's a it's a possibility it is


00:26:44.399 --> 00:26:46.549
and this is all based on an idea called


00:26:46.559 --> 00:26:48.549
panspermia that when it was first


00:26:48.559 --> 00:26:51.070
proposed was firmly considered by The


00:26:51.080 --> 00:26:52.630
Establishment at the time to be in the


00:26:52.640 --> 00:26:55.389
crank box to be absolutely bunkers it


00:26:55.399 --> 00:26:58.350
couldn't work it's the idea that life


00:26:58.360 --> 00:26:59.909
can be transferred from one planet to


00:26:59.919 --> 00:27:02.110
another carried on the back of


00:27:02.120 --> 00:27:04.789
meteorites so you have a big impact on


00:27:04.799 --> 00:27:07.430
Earth digs up a load of rock fling some


00:27:07.440 --> 00:27:09.070
of that rock into space and eventually


00:27:09.080 --> 00:27:10.470
some of those rocks land on another


00:27:10.480 --> 00:27:13.870
planet and life spreads a bit like the


00:27:13.880 --> 00:27:16.070
common cold on a busy train you know


00:27:16.080 --> 00:27:17.510
that whole thing of don't G near Earth


00:27:17.520 --> 00:27:19.029
it's got humans their


00:27:19.039 --> 00:27:22.190
contagious and when this first came out


00:27:22.200 --> 00:27:24.310
everybody just s it sounding Bonkers


00:27:24.320 --> 00:27:27.230
because firstly life can't exist in


00:27:27.240 --> 00:27:30.310
space two hard not going to happen then


00:27:30.320 --> 00:27:32.350
you've got it would take millions of


00:27:32.360 --> 00:27:33.909
years on average for a bit to get from


00:27:33.919 --> 00:27:35.389
one place to another and that's too long


00:27:35.399 --> 00:27:37.710
so it couldn't happen and finally if a


00:27:37.720 --> 00:27:39.909
rock's ejected from a planet then it's


00:27:39.919 --> 00:27:41.190
been in a big impact and that should


00:27:41.200 --> 00:27:43.950
sterilize it so it should never happen


00:27:43.960 --> 00:27:46.509
but then as time's gone on all of those


00:27:46.519 --> 00:27:48.990
kind of conceits have fallen down a bit


00:27:49.000 --> 00:27:51.070
we found meteorites on Earth from the


00:27:51.080 --> 00:27:52.789
Moon we found them from Mars you know


00:27:52.799 --> 00:27:54.310
the Allen Hills meteorites one of the


00:27:54.320 --> 00:27:56.389
famous ones which led to claims of Life


00:27:56.399 --> 00:27:57.950
on Mars a couple of decades ago that


00:27:57.960 --> 00:28:00.509
were event shut down so we know that


00:28:00.519 --> 00:28:02.070
rocks get transferred from planet to


00:28:02.080 --> 00:28:03.630
planet fairly


00:28:03.640 --> 00:28:05.549
straightforwardly when I worked at the


00:28:05.559 --> 00:28:08.990
oen University this is from 2006 to 2009


00:28:09.000 --> 00:28:10.870
there were people there who were working


00:28:10.880 --> 00:28:13.110
on this kind of stuff looking into it


00:28:13.120 --> 00:28:14.830
and what it turns out is that when you


00:28:14.840 --> 00:28:17.190
get a fairly large impact up to the kind


00:28:17.200 --> 00:28:18.870
of dinosaur killing size impact but the


00:28:18.880 --> 00:28:20.350
kind of thing that forms a substantial


00:28:20.360 --> 00:28:22.870
crator on Earth the closer you are to


00:28:22.880 --> 00:28:24.310
the middle the more intense the shock


00:28:24.320 --> 00:28:25.909
wave and the more damaging it is and the


00:28:25.919 --> 00:28:27.549
further out you go the less intense it


00:28:27.559 --> 00:28:28.909
gets so the further away you are the


00:28:28.919 --> 00:28:31.070
less strong the shock is but that


00:28:31.080 --> 00:28:33.269
gradient is actually shallower the


00:28:33.279 --> 00:28:35.750
bigger the impact is it falls off more


00:28:35.760 --> 00:28:38.710
slowly what that leads to bizar is that


00:28:38.720 --> 00:28:40.470
there is a range of distances from the


00:28:40.480 --> 00:28:42.669
impact where that shock wave is strong


00:28:42.679 --> 00:28:44.950
enough to eject rocks from the surface


00:28:44.960 --> 00:28:47.269
of the Earth out of the atmosphere


00:28:47.279 --> 00:28:48.549
particularly given that the thing that's


00:28:48.559 --> 00:28:50.029
just hit us has created a hole in the


00:28:50.039 --> 00:28:52.310
atmosphere to make it a bit easier and


00:28:52.320 --> 00:28:54.230
that those rocks can be ejected intact


00:28:54.240 --> 00:28:57.149
and the shocks involved in the Rock are


00:28:57.159 --> 00:28:59.509
weaker than the amount of shock you'd


00:28:59.519 --> 00:29:01.430
need to sterilize it in other words


00:29:01.440 --> 00:29:03.990
bacteria could be ejected to space on


00:29:04.000 --> 00:29:05.710
the back of these rocks without being


00:29:05.720 --> 00:29:07.870
killed so that's another thing in its


00:29:07.880 --> 00:29:10.950
further and then you get studies that


00:29:10.960 --> 00:29:12.710
have looked into the viability of


00:29:12.720 --> 00:29:15.029
bacteria in the vacuum of space with UV


00:29:15.039 --> 00:29:17.190
radiation that suggests that they can


00:29:17.200 --> 00:29:19.350
remain viable for a much longer period


00:29:19.360 --> 00:29:20.710
of time than you think because when they


00:29:20.720 --> 00:29:22.710
go out into space they kind of go into


00:29:22.720 --> 00:29:26.389
this stasis Spore form and UV damage


00:29:26.399 --> 00:29:28.750
kills some of them I'm working with a


00:29:28.760 --> 00:29:32.350
PhD student down um in Victoria who's


00:29:32.360 --> 00:29:34.269
looking at this doing some experiments


00:29:34.279 --> 00:29:36.470
into the fact that the dead cells on the


00:29:36.480 --> 00:29:38.590
outside provide extra shielding and


00:29:38.600 --> 00:29:40.350
that's even before you consider that


00:29:40.360 --> 00:29:41.870
there can be bacteria on the inside of


00:29:41.880 --> 00:29:44.350
the rock where the rock Shields them and


00:29:44.360 --> 00:29:45.990
they did test they put bacteria on the


00:29:46.000 --> 00:29:47.630
outside of the space station left them a


00:29:47.640 --> 00:29:49.350
few months brought them back inside and


00:29:49.360 --> 00:29:51.950
they cultured them happily W the step


00:29:51.960 --> 00:29:53.549
seem to be that despite the fact this


00:29:53.559 --> 00:29:56.509
sounds a ridiculously outlandish idea


00:29:56.519 --> 00:29:58.149
it's perfectly reasonable to think that


00:29:58.159 --> 00:29:59.549
life could be passed around the solar


00:29:59.559 --> 00:30:01.669
system like a a tennis ball bouncing


00:30:01.679 --> 00:30:03.029
around at the Australian Earth and going


00:30:03.039 --> 00:30:06.230
from planet to planet so that's become


00:30:06.240 --> 00:30:07.669
an established


00:30:07.679 --> 00:30:09.549
possibility it's like to a lot of


00:30:09.559 --> 00:30:11.149
discussions there's interesting


00:30:11.159 --> 00:30:12.750
philosophical things if we ever find


00:30:12.760 --> 00:30:15.430
Life on Mars and that's still an if will


00:30:15.440 --> 00:30:17.310
it be life that has a separate origin to


00:30:17.320 --> 00:30:19.350
life on Earth or will it be life that


00:30:19.360 --> 00:30:21.470
shares An Origin with life on Earth and


00:30:21.480 --> 00:30:22.710
that's not necessarily saying life is


00:30:22.720 --> 00:30:24.389
out on Earth we could be martians you


00:30:24.399 --> 00:30:25.710
know life could have begun on Mars and


00:30:25.720 --> 00:30:27.590
been transferred to Earth yeah we've


00:30:27.600 --> 00:30:30.269
just done know but there are some


00:30:30.279 --> 00:30:31.870
predictions you can make and one of them


00:30:31.880 --> 00:30:33.710
is that if we ever find life on another


00:30:33.720 --> 00:30:35.750
body in the solar system there's a a


00:30:35.760 --> 00:30:37.310
good possibility that it will share a


00:30:37.320 --> 00:30:39.830
Heritage with us so that brings us after


00:30:39.840 --> 00:30:42.350
a lot of jonty waffle to this story


00:30:42.360 --> 00:30:45.269
about Venus and it's bringing together


00:30:45.279 --> 00:30:47.269
that other story which is the potential


00:30:47.279 --> 00:30:48.909
detection of this gas called phosphine


00:30:48.919 --> 00:30:51.430
in Venus which was quite controversial I


00:30:51.440 --> 00:30:53.509
know the lead scientists quite well who


00:30:53.519 --> 00:30:55.269
did that work and I felt very sad for


00:30:55.279 --> 00:30:57.190
her some of the abuse and vitriol that


00:30:57.200 --> 00:30:58.830
were directed to their team over the


00:30:58.840 --> 00:31:02.070
results yeah but it was a really


00:31:02.080 --> 00:31:04.350
interesting detection right at the edge


00:31:04.360 --> 00:31:06.590
of sensitivity for their inment and what


00:31:06.600 --> 00:31:07.990
they said was that we found this gas


00:31:08.000 --> 00:31:11.549
called phosphine on the Earth the only


00:31:11.559 --> 00:31:14.509
way that that is produced is through the


00:31:14.519 --> 00:31:16.830
action of life or through human industry


00:31:16.840 --> 00:31:18.470
there's no other chemical process on


00:31:18.480 --> 00:31:21.110
Earth we know of that can make this that


00:31:21.120 --> 00:31:22.310
doesn't mean that there aren't other


00:31:22.320 --> 00:31:23.990
possibilities it's just we don't know of


00:31:24.000 --> 00:31:26.549
them so there is a possibility that this


00:31:26.559 --> 00:31:28.389
could be being produced by life but it's


00:31:28.399 --> 00:31:31.070
not a detection of life and there was a


00:31:31.080 --> 00:31:34.110
whole Cavalcade of arguments and stories


00:31:34.120 --> 00:31:36.389
that followed on from that but inspired


00:31:36.399 --> 00:31:37.549
by that the team that have done this


00:31:37.559 --> 00:31:39.149
paper have looked at it to say if there


00:31:39.159 --> 00:31:40.909
is life in the Clouds of Venus in this


00:31:40.919 --> 00:31:43.070
temporal layer where the conditions are


00:31:43.080 --> 00:31:44.750
more similar to those on Earth than you


00:31:44.760 --> 00:31:46.430
would have on Venus's


00:31:46.440 --> 00:31:48.430
surface could that life actually be


00:31:48.440 --> 00:31:50.149
Earth Life Could It Be contamination


00:31:50.159 --> 00:31:52.710
from the earth with bacteria that have


00:31:52.720 --> 00:31:54.430
been transferred there through this pans


00:31:54.440 --> 00:31:57.070
spermia reat and they've done some


00:31:57.080 --> 00:31:59.230
calculations so there's a certain degree


00:31:59.240 --> 00:32:01.710
of speculation to try and figure out how


00:32:01.720 --> 00:32:03.590
much material is been ejected from the


00:32:03.600 --> 00:32:05.950
earth over the time how much it reaches


00:32:05.960 --> 00:32:07.789
Venus and to try and put that into a


00:32:07.799 --> 00:32:11.110
sense of how many discrete bacteria


00:32:11.120 --> 00:32:12.909
would reach Venus in a billion-year


00:32:12.919 --> 00:32:14.430
period and they've got this hand waving


00:32:14.440 --> 00:32:16.310
number of a billion bacteria in a


00:32:16.320 --> 00:32:19.310
billion years now that's showing you how


00:32:19.320 --> 00:32:21.070
big deep time is more than anything else


00:32:21.080 --> 00:32:22.350
and what they say is that doesn't mean


00:32:22.360 --> 00:32:24.430
there's one bacterium per year reaching


00:32:24.440 --> 00:32:26.950
Venus it'll be clumpy you'll get a rock


00:32:26.960 --> 00:32:29.470
delivering tens of thousands at a time


00:32:29.480 --> 00:32:31.750
but the idea is that if you've got that


00:32:31.760 --> 00:32:34.669
level of delivery going on all it takes


00:32:34.679 --> 00:32:36.430
is a very small number of them to be


00:32:36.440 --> 00:32:39.389
viable for life to suddenly become


00:32:39.399 --> 00:32:41.430
present there now you've then got all


00:32:41.440 --> 00:32:43.070
the additional challenges of how does it


00:32:43.080 --> 00:32:44.669
get into the atmosphere all the rest of


00:32:44.679 --> 00:32:47.149
it but this is just an interesting thing


00:32:47.159 --> 00:32:50.190
pointing out again that once you bring


00:32:50.200 --> 00:32:53.029
panspermia into the picture you can no


00:32:53.039 --> 00:32:54.509
longer say that when we found life


00:32:54.519 --> 00:32:56.110
elsewhere in the solar system that means


00:32:56.120 --> 00:32:59.149
we've shown that life originated there


00:32:59.159 --> 00:33:02.389
um also as a total side point it makes


00:33:02.399 --> 00:33:05.509
the efforts we go to in sterilizing our


00:33:05.519 --> 00:33:08.710
spacecraft seem less relevant because


00:33:08.720 --> 00:33:10.310
for example when we send spacecraft to


00:33:10.320 --> 00:33:11.950
Jupiter to the icy moons I can


00:33:11.960 --> 00:33:13.190
understand why we're sterilizing this


00:33:13.200 --> 00:33:15.629
planetary protection thing but material


00:33:15.639 --> 00:33:17.389
from Earth carrying bacteria has been


00:33:17.399 --> 00:33:19.470
bombarding those Moons for billions of


00:33:19.480 --> 00:33:21.909
years if Earth life is going to get


00:33:21.919 --> 00:33:23.750
there it's already there so there's a


00:33:23.760 --> 00:33:26.750
lot of interesting spins from this but


00:33:26.760 --> 00:33:28.909
it's interesting that an idea that again


00:33:28.919 --> 00:33:30.350
when I was young was viewed as being


00:33:30.360 --> 00:33:32.830
really stupid and you know extreme and


00:33:32.840 --> 00:33:35.430
only talked about by cracks is now


00:33:35.440 --> 00:33:37.070
sufficiently mainstream that this kind


00:33:37.080 --> 00:33:39.470
of research is going on to investigate


00:33:39.480 --> 00:33:41.789
the what ifs and to try and drive on


00:33:41.799 --> 00:33:44.190
from that to make predictions you know


00:33:44.200 --> 00:33:45.830
the ultimate extent of this is if we


00:33:45.840 --> 00:33:47.750
find Life on Mars if we find life on


00:33:47.760 --> 00:33:50.470
Venus and we're able to isolate a sample


00:33:50.480 --> 00:33:52.590
of it and study it the prediction from


00:33:52.600 --> 00:33:54.149
this is that we'd find that it shares a


00:33:54.159 --> 00:33:56.509
common Heritage with us a share shares a


00:33:56.519 --> 00:33:58.990
common Universal an drug


00:33:59.000 --> 00:34:02.669
ass fascinating yeah and uh what do you


00:34:02.679 --> 00:34:05.549
like Fred and I have often discussed


00:34:05.559 --> 00:34:08.589
this um do you think that day will come


00:34:08.599 --> 00:34:10.190
where we might find something and we'll


00:34:10.200 --> 00:34:12.230
be able to test whether or not it has a


00:34:12.240 --> 00:34:14.990
shared origin we I'm absolutely an


00:34:15.000 --> 00:34:17.750
optimist and I think um if there is life


00:34:17.760 --> 00:34:19.349
to be found in the solar system we will


00:34:19.359 --> 00:34:21.230
find it it's just a question of when


00:34:21.240 --> 00:34:23.389
rather than if that is the big question


00:34:23.399 --> 00:34:26.109
as if there is life there we've got


00:34:26.119 --> 00:34:28.389
places to look you know obviously


00:34:28.399 --> 00:34:30.190
with every decade that goes our Focus


00:34:30.200 --> 00:34:31.869
shifts a bit because we learn more so


00:34:31.879 --> 00:34:33.109
for example if we've been having this


00:34:33.119 --> 00:34:35.389
chat a decade ago we' have been talking


00:34:35.399 --> 00:34:36.790
about Mars we' have been talking about


00:34:36.800 --> 00:34:38.430
the equator of Mars and following what


00:34:38.440 --> 00:34:40.109
the wonderful Rover missions are doing


00:34:40.119 --> 00:34:42.030
there and then there was that


00:34:42.040 --> 00:34:44.270
astonishing discovery of liquid water in


00:34:44.280 --> 00:34:47.750
Marza South po C that um an Australian


00:34:47.760 --> 00:34:49.829
astronomer Professor gracial caparelli


00:34:49.839 --> 00:34:51.669
was very involved with with the Italian


00:34:51.679 --> 00:34:54.069
team that did the red ass of this and


00:34:54.079 --> 00:34:56.349
suddenly it's harder to get to Mara


00:34:56.359 --> 00:34:57.790
South Ball but suddenly that locks


00:34:57.800 --> 00:34:59.470
really promising place to go because on


00:34:59.480 --> 00:35:01.790
Earth if you drill down into Antarctica


00:35:01.800 --> 00:35:03.430
you find these Lakes of liquid water


00:35:03.440 --> 00:35:04.870
that have been separated from the rest


00:35:04.880 --> 00:35:06.950
of the Earth for ridiculous periods of


00:35:06.960 --> 00:35:09.030
time and they're still teaming with life


00:35:09.040 --> 00:35:11.150
if Mars ever had life maybe it's still


00:35:11.160 --> 00:35:13.190
there in The Waters at the South Pole so


00:35:13.200 --> 00:35:15.270
our Focus shifts a little bit we've also


00:35:15.280 --> 00:35:17.990
got the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn


00:35:18.000 --> 00:35:19.589
and the more we look the more we realize


00:35:19.599 --> 00:35:21.270
there's a lot of places we could look


00:35:21.280 --> 00:35:24.430
for life and I'd love to think that 10


00:35:24.440 --> 00:35:26.230
years 20 years down the line in a future


00:35:26.240 --> 00:35:28.430
Space Nuts episode we'll be talking


00:35:28.440 --> 00:35:29.870
about the fact that we've definitely got


00:35:29.880 --> 00:35:31.470
some and people are playing with it and


00:35:31.480 --> 00:35:33.550
a p tradition to learn more about it


00:35:33.560 --> 00:35:36.069
yeah yeah and then it escapes and kills


00:35:36.079 --> 00:35:38.190
humans all over the planet yeah oh but


00:35:38.200 --> 00:35:39.750
they kill it with shampoo right that was


00:35:39.760 --> 00:35:41.589
the way the movie


00:35:41.599 --> 00:35:44.510
worked that's right yes just I know the


00:35:44.520 --> 00:35:49.150
one you're talking about um uh that


00:35:49.160 --> 00:35:51.550
was yeah silly silly film but such a


00:35:51.560 --> 00:35:54.109
good Evolution I think was called yeah


00:35:54.119 --> 00:35:57.309
that's a great film very funny uh yeah


00:35:57.319 --> 00:35:59.510
if you like to read up on Pan spermia


00:35:59.520 --> 00:36:01.190
and the uh the new paper that's been


00:36:01.200 --> 00:36:04.829
released um it is available online you


00:36:04.839 --> 00:36:08.510
can also read the preed version of it at


00:36:08.520 --> 00:36:10.750
space.com uh before we go jonty just


00:36:10.760 --> 00:36:13.630
quickly uh where are we up to with Comet


00:36:13.640 --> 00:36:19.150
2024 G3 AT Atlas is it still alive it is


00:36:19.160 --> 00:36:20.630
still alive


00:36:20.640 --> 00:36:22.750
fish I appreciate it's a wonderful


00:36:22.760 --> 00:36:24.870
non-answer I got some lovely photos of


00:36:24.880 --> 00:36:27.710
this Comet back on Sunday evening um


00:36:27.720 --> 00:36:29.190
which I'm really pleased with really


00:36:29.200 --> 00:36:30.630
happy with I went out last night and


00:36:30.640 --> 00:36:32.109
there was one cloud in the sky and it


00:36:32.119 --> 00:36:34.390
was right in front of the Comet oh was


00:36:34.400 --> 00:36:35.750
the way it goes so I'm going to keep try


00:36:35.760 --> 00:36:37.550
the next few nights it's still


00:36:37.560 --> 00:36:39.829
relatively easily visible with the naked


00:36:39.839 --> 00:36:41.589
eye from Southern Hemisphere locations


00:36:41.599 --> 00:36:43.750
but the photos of it people are turning


00:36:43.760 --> 00:36:46.270
up from around the globe now are looking


00:36:46.280 --> 00:36:48.550
interesting so there is a suggestion


00:36:48.560 --> 00:36:49.990
that the snowball at the heart of the


00:36:50.000 --> 00:36:52.270
comic the nucleus actually fell apart


00:36:52.280 --> 00:36:54.069
and fragmented about a week ago as we


00:36:54.079 --> 00:36:56.950
record this the 14th 15th of January


00:36:56.960 --> 00:36:59.790
released a ious amount of dust and


00:36:59.800 --> 00:37:02.790
because of the nature of how comets work


00:37:02.800 --> 00:37:04.270
that means that the comet hasn't really


00:37:04.280 --> 00:37:06.069
started to fade yet it's enhance the


00:37:06.079 --> 00:37:07.790
comet's tale possibly even making it a


00:37:07.800 --> 00:37:09.990
bit more spectacular for us now but


00:37:10.000 --> 00:37:11.829
we'll probably hasten the demise of the


00:37:11.839 --> 00:37:13.230
Comet and when we were talking about


00:37:13.240 --> 00:37:15.550
this previously talked about how if you


00:37:15.560 --> 00:37:17.510
managed to live for another 600,000


00:37:17.520 --> 00:37:19.750
years you'd see the comic return that's


00:37:19.760 --> 00:37:21.550
looking less likely now I think it's


00:37:21.560 --> 00:37:25.670
pretty much done and dusted probably um


00:37:25.680 --> 00:37:27.309
but we don't know for sure and we'll


00:37:27.319 --> 00:37:29.109
find find out more over the coming week


00:37:29.119 --> 00:37:30.829
but in the meantime get out there take


00:37:30.839 --> 00:37:33.150
photos because it's a spectacular object


00:37:33.160 --> 00:37:35.750
it is reasonably easily visible with the


00:37:35.760 --> 00:37:37.790
naked eye if you know where to look


00:37:37.800 --> 00:37:39.190
setting currently about an hour and a


00:37:39.200 --> 00:37:41.190
quarter hour and 20 minutes after sunset


00:37:41.200 --> 00:37:42.430
for those of us in the southern


00:37:42.440 --> 00:37:44.470
hemisphere Northern Hemisphere not so


00:37:44.480 --> 00:37:47.309
good you can't really see it but on


00:37:47.319 --> 00:37:49.750
photographs digital cameras are making a


00:37:49.760 --> 00:37:51.150
spectacular job of showing this and


00:37:51.160 --> 00:37:53.630
there's some gorgeous images out there


00:37:53.640 --> 00:37:56.190
yeah I've just looked at one on sky and


00:37:56.200 --> 00:38:00.190
telescope. org and yeah you can see how


00:38:00.200 --> 00:38:02.510
the uh the tail has become much more


00:38:02.520 --> 00:38:06.190
Vivid and spread out as a consequence of


00:38:06.200 --> 00:38:09.190
it's uh well impending demise I suppose


00:38:09.200 --> 00:38:11.109
it's an astonishing image on Astronomy


00:38:11.119 --> 00:38:12.750
Picture of the Day the wonderful NASA


00:38:12.760 --> 00:38:15.349
site for today the 20th of January as


00:38:15.359 --> 00:38:17.870
we're recording this showing the comet


00:38:17.880 --> 00:38:19.390
as it was going around the Sun through


00:38:19.400 --> 00:38:21.390
the lasar camera that somebody's put


00:38:21.400 --> 00:38:24.109
together using different filters from


00:38:24.119 --> 00:38:25.670
the lascar camera so you've got


00:38:25.680 --> 00:38:28.030
different color tales and there's one


00:38:28.040 --> 00:38:30.470
three four five six seven different tals


00:38:30.480 --> 00:38:33.990
on the comet which is just oh yeah yeah


00:38:34.000 --> 00:38:36.270
I can see that now I just got it up that


00:38:36.280 --> 00:38:37.670
was when it was only visible in the


00:38:37.680 --> 00:38:40.150
daylight sky but it shows you just how


00:38:40.160 --> 00:38:41.790
active this thing got because it was so


00:38:41.800 --> 00:38:43.510
close to the Sun and there are some


00:38:43.520 --> 00:38:44.950
discussions that because it was so


00:38:44.960 --> 00:38:47.030
incredibly close in a couple of those


00:38:47.040 --> 00:38:50.069
cells are actually probably sodium and


00:38:50.079 --> 00:38:52.829
iron how close it got that those kind of


00:38:52.839 --> 00:38:54.870
minerals those kind of materials were


00:38:54.880 --> 00:38:57.550
getting erupted from the surface from


00:38:57.560 --> 00:38:59.750
Tails not just water ice and a little


00:38:59.760 --> 00:39:02.589
bit of gas yeah fascinating I I had I


00:39:02.599 --> 00:39:04.470
tried to have a look yesterday but I


00:39:04.480 --> 00:39:07.190
think I was a bit too early but um I


00:39:07.200 --> 00:39:09.309
will make an effort and the other thing


00:39:09.319 --> 00:39:11.030
that people are getting excited about


00:39:11.040 --> 00:39:13.589
although you you're suggesting this is a


00:39:13.599 --> 00:39:16.230
bit premature is the um the upcoming


00:39:16.240 --> 00:39:17.309
planetary


00:39:17.319 --> 00:39:19.589
alignment yeah which is not something


00:39:19.599 --> 00:39:21.550
that is anywhere near as rare as a media


00:39:21.560 --> 00:39:24.150
is making it out to be but the idea here


00:39:24.160 --> 00:39:26.589
is the planets are lining so your first


00:39:26.599 --> 00:39:28.069
s is oh that's great if I got my


00:39:28.079 --> 00:39:29.349
binoculars I could see them all in the


00:39:29.359 --> 00:39:31.470
same field of view and what it actually


00:39:31.480 --> 00:39:33.470
is is that they're all in the same 180


00:39:33.480 --> 00:39:36.950
Dee Arc of the sky so if you were out a


00:39:36.960 --> 00:39:38.470
little bit after Sunset you could see


00:39:38.480 --> 00:39:40.390
all the naked eye planets and if you got


00:39:40.400 --> 00:39:42.030
your binoculars and a telescope out you


00:39:42.040 --> 00:39:44.589
could see your andron as well all at the


00:39:44.599 --> 00:39:47.349
same time what the coverage has left out


00:39:47.359 --> 00:39:49.190
is that mercury is actually not joining


00:39:49.200 --> 00:39:50.390
the party at the minute so this is


00:39:50.400 --> 00:39:51.829
viewed as being the evening Sky after


00:39:51.839 --> 00:39:53.270
Sunset the first thing you'll see is


00:39:53.280 --> 00:39:55.349
Venus Saturn's right next to it


00:39:55.359 --> 00:39:57.550
Jupiter's High to the northwards in the


00:39:57.560 --> 00:39:58.910
southern hemisphere to the South for


00:39:58.920 --> 00:40:00.910
those in the northern hemisphere Mars is


00:40:00.920 --> 00:40:03.069
rising over to the east it's just past


00:40:03.079 --> 00:40:05.470
opposition they're all there Uranus and


00:40:05.480 --> 00:40:07.349
neun are over roughly in the same part


00:40:07.359 --> 00:40:09.270
on the sky as Saturn and Venus so you


00:40:09.280 --> 00:40:10.470
can find them with binocular in the


00:40:10.480 --> 00:40:12.309
telescope but Mercury is currently


00:40:12.319 --> 00:40:14.870
visible in the morning sky for Mercury


00:40:14.880 --> 00:40:16.470
to join the party we've got to wait


00:40:16.480 --> 00:40:17.750
another month and that's going to be at


00:40:17.760 --> 00:40:20.030
the end of February so maybe if you you


00:40:20.040 --> 00:40:22.630
know Comet Atlas which is satellite of


00:40:22.640 --> 00:40:25.109
the Horizon is masquerading as mercury


00:40:25.119 --> 00:40:26.910
for the purposes of the current


00:40:26.920 --> 00:40:28.990
discussion I guess giving is a number of


00:40:29.000 --> 00:40:30.910
things to see but if you really want to


00:40:30.920 --> 00:40:32.550
see all of them at once you're going to


00:40:32.560 --> 00:40:35.270
have to wait till A month's time and at


00:40:35.280 --> 00:40:37.470
that point Saturn and Mercury and Venus


00:40:37.480 --> 00:40:39.630
will be a fair bit lower to the Horizon


00:40:39.640 --> 00:40:41.069
a little bit hard at the spot but then


00:40:41.079 --> 00:40:43.030
you will be able to see all the naked


00:40:43.040 --> 00:40:45.109
eye planets all at once in the sky at


00:40:45.119 --> 00:40:46.950
the same time and then you'll go well


00:40:46.960 --> 00:40:48.870
the spread out over 180 degrees isn't


00:40:48.880 --> 00:40:49.829
that


00:40:49.839 --> 00:40:52.990
pretty yeah I definitely want to have a


00:40:53.000 --> 00:40:55.309
look at that uh and uh yeah we got


00:40:55.319 --> 00:40:57.870
plenty of time to do it so absolutely


00:40:57.880 --> 00:40:59.829
yeah fantastic all right uh thank you


00:40:59.839 --> 00:41:01.510
Johny as always don't forget if you


00:41:01.520 --> 00:41:03.750
would like to follow up on those stories


00:41:03.760 --> 00:41:05.510
you can do that in our show notes don't


00:41:05.520 --> 00:41:07.470
forget to visit us online at SPAC nuts


00:41:07.480 --> 00:41:09.829
podcast.com or SPAC


00:41:09.839 --> 00:41:13.270
nuts.i and check out our various Pages


00:41:13.280 --> 00:41:15.829
including our shop which is full of um


00:41:15.839 --> 00:41:17.950
all sorts of junk uh stuff uh really


00:41:17.960 --> 00:41:20.750
good stuff um that you can um take a


00:41:20.760 --> 00:41:23.750
peek at uh thanks Johnny as always uh


00:41:23.760 --> 00:41:25.950
we'll catch you on the very next episode


00:41:25.960 --> 00:41:27.829
pleasure thanks for having me Johnny


00:41:27.839 --> 00:41:29.470
Horner professor of astrophysics


00:41:29.480 --> 00:41:32.630
standing in for Professor Fred Watson


00:41:32.640 --> 00:41:34.790
and thanks to here in the studio who


00:41:34.800 --> 00:41:36.470
didn't turn up today because he actually


00:41:36.480 --> 00:41:39.870
got a free ticket on a spacecraft called


00:41:39.880 --> 00:41:42.750
ship and for me Andrew Dunley thanks for


00:41:42.760 --> 00:41:45.190
your company we'll see you on the next


00:41:45.200 --> 00:41:48.990
episode of Space Nuts until then byebye


00:41:49.000 --> 00:41:51.309
Space Nuts you'll be listening to the


00:41:51.319 --> 00:41:53.349
Space Nuts


00:41:53.359 --> 00:41:56.430
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00:41:56.440 --> 00:41:59.390
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00:41:59.400 --> 00:42:01.670
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00:42:01.680 --> 00:42:04.349
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00:42:04.359 --> 00:42:06.790
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00:42:06.800 --> 00:42:09.599
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