Mars at Its Brightest: Don’t Miss This Weekend’s Celestial Show S04E10

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Language: en

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[Music]


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welcome to astronomy daily your daily


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dose of space and astronomy news I'm


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Anna and we've got a packed show for you


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today filled with some incredible


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developments in the world of space


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exploration and astronomy we'll be


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diving into spacex's latest preparations


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for their next Starship test flight


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which promises to push the boundaries of


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what's possible with the world's largest


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rocket we'll also check in on NASA's jet


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propulsion laboratory as it faces


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challenges from the Los Angeles


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wildfires and I'll tell you about a


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special opportunity to see Mars at its


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brightest this


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weekend plus we've got fascinating


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stories about the world's first wooden


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satellite just deployed from the


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International Space Station and a rare


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double flash event observed from a super


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massive black hole that's got


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astronomers excited let's get


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started SpaceX has just reached another


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milestone in their ambitious Starship


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program successfully stacking their next


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vehicle for flight 7 at their star base


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facility in south Texas the fully


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assembled rocket now stands an


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impressive 400 ft tall maintaining its


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status as the largest and most powerful


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launch vehicle ever built this upcoming


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Mission scheduled for Monday at 5:00


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p.m. eastern time isn't just another


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test flight it represents a significant


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Leap Forward in starship's development


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the new vehicle features several crucial


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upgrades including improvements to its


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flight computer avionic systems and heat


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shield design one particularly


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interesting modification is the


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reposition iing of the forward flaps


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which have been moved away from the heat


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shield to better handle the intense


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temperatures during


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re-entry for the first time SpaceX will


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attempt to deploy simulated starlink


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satellites during the 66 minute flight


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marking an important step towards


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starship's operational capabilities


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they're also breaking new ground by


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reusing an engine on the super heavy


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booster the massive first stage powered


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by 33 Raptor engines perhaps most


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exciting is the planned recovery ATT


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attempt of the super heavy booster if


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conditions are right SpaceX will try to


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catch the massive rocket using the


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launch Tower's mechanical arms nicknamed


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the


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Chopsticks while they've demonstrated


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this capability before during flight 5


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they're taking no Chances The Catch will


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only proceed if all safety criteria are


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met otherwise the booster will make a


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controlled splash down in the Gulf of


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Mexico this Mission could be the first


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of up to 25 Starship launches planned


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for this year showcas ing spacex's


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accelerating pace of development these


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tests are crucial not just for spacex's


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Mars Ambitions but also for NASA's


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Artemis program as Starship has been


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selected to land astronauts on the lunar


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surface in


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2027 next up an update for you


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concerning the wildfires around Los


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Angeles in some concerning news from


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California NASA's jet propulsion


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laboratory has found itself


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uncomfortably close to the Raging eaten


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fire that's been devast ating


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neighborhoods north of Los Angeles


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thanks to the incredible efforts of


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firefighters JPL itself remains


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Untouched by the Flames but the impact


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on the JPL Community has been severe


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more than 150 JPL employees have lost


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their homes completely in This Disaster


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with many more being forced to evacuate


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the facility which serves as NASA's


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Primary Center for Planetary Exploration


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and manages crucial missions like the


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perseverance and curiosity Mars rovers


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has had to temporarily close its doors


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all but essential Personnel have been


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ordered to work remotely through at


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least January 17th the eaten fire has


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already consumed around 14,000 acres of


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land and is currently only 3% contained


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it's just one of several fires causing


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havoc in the Los Angeles area with the


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Palisades fire on the western side of


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the city having burned through more than


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20,000 acres and showing similar


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resistance to containment


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efforts this situation highlights a


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growing challenge for major scientific


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facilities in areas prone to natural


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disasters jpl's location at the foot of


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the San gabrial mountains while ideal


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for many aspects of its operations


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places it in a vulnerable position


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during California's increasingly severe


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fire Seasons despite these challenges


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the laboratory's essential operations


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continue demonstrating the resilience of


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our space exploration infrastructure


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even in the face of natural


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disasters the dedication of first First


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Responders has been crucial in


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protecting this vital facility which


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plays such an important role in our


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ongoing exploration of the solar system


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while the laboratory itself remains safe


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the human impact on the JPL Community


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serves as a sobering reminder of the


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increasing challenges posed by natural


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disasters to our scientific


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institutions stargazers you're in for a


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treat this weekend as Mars is about to


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put on its most spectacular show of the


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Year this sun January 12th the red


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planet will make its closest approach to


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Earth an event astronomers call Pary


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during this Cosmic closeup Mars will


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appear larger and brighter in our night


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sky than at any other time in 2024 if


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you're planning to catch this Celestial


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spectacle the best viewing time will be


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around midnight when Mars reaches its


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highest point in the southern Sky the


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planet will be visible for most of the


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night first appearing in the


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northeastern sky during early evening


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and remaining observable until dawn


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begins to break the next morning during


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this close approach Mars will come


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within just 0.64 astronomical units of


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Earth that's about 59.5 million miles


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while this might sound like quite a


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distance it's actually quite close in


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astronomical terms for perspective Mars


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usually orbits at an average distance of


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1.5 astronomical units from the Sun and


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can be as far as 2.6 units from Earth at


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its most distant point this weekend's


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close encounter is particularly special


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as it coincides with Mars's opposition


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on January 16th when Earth will be


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directly between Mars and the sun this


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alignment means the sun's full glare


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will illuminate the Martian surface as


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seen from Earth making it an ideal time


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for


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observation while Mars will be


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noticeably brighter than usual with a


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magnitude of -1.4 comma don't expect to


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see any surface details with your naked


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eye it will still appear as a bright


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reddish point of light in the sky


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however if you have access to binoculars


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or a telescope this is an excellent


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opportunity to try spotting some of the


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red planet's famous surface features


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this is the closest Mars has been to


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Earth since 2022 so make sure to take


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advantage of this rare viewing


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opportunity the next time Mars will


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appear this large and bright in our


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skies won't be for quite some time


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making this weekend a must-watch event


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for astronomy


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enthusiasts in a groundbreaking


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development for sustainable space


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technology ology the world's first


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wooden satellite has been successfully


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deployed from the International Space


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Station this Innovative spacecraft named


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lignos represents a fascinating


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experiment in using renewable materials


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for space


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exploration developed through a


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collaboration between Kyoto University


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and Japanese wood Processing Company


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Sumitomo forestry this tiny Cube


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satellite measures Just 4 in on each


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side and is constructed primarily from


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Magnolia wood over the next 6 months it


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will put this natural material to the


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ultimate test in the harsh conditions of


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Earth orbit the extreme environment of


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space presents some remarkable


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challenges for any material during each


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90-minute orbit the satellite will


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experience dramatic temperature swings


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from a scorching 250° fah when facing


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the sun to a frigidus 250° in Earth


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Shadow add to that the constant


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bombardment of charged particles from


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solar wind and you've got quite the


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endurance test for our wooden Pioneer


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but why would well it turns out this


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isn't just about proving we can build


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satellites from trees there's a serious


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environmental concern driving this


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Innovation traditional satellites built


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primarily from aluminum Alloys create


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potentially harmful metallic dust when


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they burn up during re-entry this debris


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can linger in our upper atmosphere


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potentially affecting our climate wood


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being a natural material could offer a


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more environmentally friendly


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alternative that simply Burns away


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cleanly the mission will carefully


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monitor how the wooden structure holds


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up against these space hazards including


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whether Earth's magnetic field can


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penetrate the wooden body and interfere


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with its operations if successful this


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experiment could pave the way for a new


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generation of environmentally conscious


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satellites potentially transforming how


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we approach spacecraft Construction in


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an era of increasing orbital traffic the


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timing couldn't be more crucial as


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research suggests that the growing


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number of satellites in orbit could lead


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to concerning levels of aluminum oxide


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and other potentially harmful compounds


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in our upper atmosphere this wooden


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satellite might just represent our first


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step toward a more sustainable future in


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space seems like a day doesn't go by


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without a black hole story and today is


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no exception astronomers have recently


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witnessed a fascinating Cosmic spectacle


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a super massive black hole that appears


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to be having seconds of its Stellar meal


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this rare event known as assassin 22 C


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has displayed two distinct flares of


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light as it consumes its unfortunate


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victim located about 48 million light


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years away from Earth what makes this


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double flash event particularly


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intriguing is how normal it appears


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compared to other similar


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phenomena the black hole at the center


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of this Cosmic Feast weighs in at around


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3 million times the mass of our sun


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making it comparable to our own Galaxy's


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Central black hole sagitt ious a star


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the unfortunate star being consumed


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appears to be similar in size to our sun


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the current theory suggests this unusual


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double flare might be the result of what


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astronomers call a Hill's capture


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picture this a pair of binary Stars


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wandering to close to the black hole as


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they approach the immense gravitational


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forces separate the pair flinging one


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star away to Freedom while the other


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becomes trapped in an elliptical orbit


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around the black hole like a cosmic


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dance partner it can escape Escape each


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time this trap star swings close to the


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black hole it under goes partial


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destruction in a process colorfully


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known as


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spaghettification the star gets


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stretched and squeezed losing some of


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its material to the black hole's


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accretion dis creating these brilliant


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flares we observe the consistency


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between the two flares separated by 720


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days suggests we're watching the same


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star being repeatedly torn apart the


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best part astronomers believe they know


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when the next Act of this CA drama might


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occur if their calculations are correct


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we should see a third flare in early


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2026 this predictability is incredibly


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rare and valuable giving scientists an


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unprecedented opportunity to prepare


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their observations in advance rather


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than catching these events by chance


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this Celestial performance isn't just


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spectacular it's helping us understand


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how super massive black holes interact


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with stars and providing new insights


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into these mysterious Cosmic Giants and


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who knows when 2026 rolls around this


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persistent Stellar Survivor might have


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even more surprises in store for


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us well that's all for today's episode


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of astronomy daily I'm Anna and I want


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to thank you for joining me on this


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journey through the latest developments


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in space and astronomy news whether it's


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massive Rockets being stacked wooden


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satellites orbiting Earth or black holes


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putting on light shows there's never a


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