James Webb’s First Light, Galactic Anomalies & Space Surprises: #486 - Holiday Special 6 | Space...

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Language: en

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with Fred and I taking a little bit of a


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break we thought it'd be great to dig


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into the archives and see what sort of


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stories really captured the imaginations


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of people around the world things like


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opening up moon rocks 50 years after


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they were collected uh other things like


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the first photographs taken by James web


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or the first image of Sagittarius A star


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those are the kinds of things we've been


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talking about over the years so sit back


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relax and enjoy archival EP episodes of


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Space Nuts Space Nuts hi there thanks


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for joining us on another edition of


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Space Nuts my name is Andrew Dunley your


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host and today on the program we are


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going to be talking about the big news


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of the week probably the big news of the


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Year and that is the first image


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official image from the James web Space


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Telescope uh it's only been announced in


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the last hour or two since we started


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recording so uh it's fresh off the press


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or off the president's desk whichever


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way you want to look at it and Alex from


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New South Wales is apparently going to


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ask a question about the size of


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galaxies uh that's all to come on this


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edition of Space Nuts 15 seconds


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guidance is internal 10 9 ignition


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sequence start Space Nuts 5 4 3 2 1 2 3


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4 5 5 4 3 2 1 Space Nuts rep it feels


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good and joining us as always is


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Professor Fred what's an astronomer at


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large hello Fred how are you very well


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thanks very excited with all that's


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going on oh man it's just crazy town at


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the moment yeah it is the astronomy


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world is a Gog a Gog that's right that's


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not a word I get to use very


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often yeah go I like a Gog I think it's


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got a ring to


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it uh yeah that um we'll we'll get to


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that in a moment of course we have


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plenty to talk about and uh some


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audience questions as I as I


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mentioned uh and and you've got a studio


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guest Fred are you able to share this


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with our viewing audience if you're if


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you're watching us on YouTube You're get


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ready for a


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surprise let to let everybody know that


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he still exists there's muskat mus or


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family cat who normally doesn't uh come


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into the study here because it leaves


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copious quantities of hair wherever he


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goes but he's been asleep there in the


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chair all morning and all mostly


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afternoon so he's still here he's doing


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say much these days he's doing his hats


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proud because that's what cats do


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best


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yep it's good to have Muscat in the


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studio right let us get down to business


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and first on the agenda is this amazing


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image that has been delivered by the


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James web Space Telescope it's been a


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lot of anticipation about what the first


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image would be a lot of anticipation


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about how far reaching the James web


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Space Telescope will be in um its


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capacity to provide Deep Field imagery


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from far far back in the uh universe and


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it has not disappointed Fred not at all


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that's right so um what what we're


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seeing and and I would guess most of our


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listeners will have seen this because I


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think it's going to be the cover picture


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on the on the podcast for today see uh


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really is a beautiful image of a cluster


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of galaxies uh which as always has a


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gobble de name it is smacs


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0723 um uh


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smac stands for streaming motions in


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Abel clusters okay uh and and Abel


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clusters are clusters that were


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cataloged by George Abel who I knew when


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he worked in Edinburgh for a while uh so


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cluster is a cluster of galaxies um but


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of course like so many of these giant


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clusters its mass acts as a


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gravitational lens uh magnifying and


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distorting the images of galaxies in the


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far distance behind it um and so this


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particular cluster um shows up uh


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beautifully in you know the the kind of


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colors that you would expect so as you


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know the James web telescope is an


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infrared telescope excuse me so uh it


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can look at the image in various


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infrared wave bands and what you can do


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is sort of equate those to visible light


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wave bands so that things uh that uh are


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in the far infrared show up as red in


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the visible uh things that are you know


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in the mid infrared show up as as as


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white things that are in the near


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infrared in other words not much reder


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than red they'll show up probably as


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blue I'm not quite sure how they did the


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color balancing in this image but


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they've got it absolutely right because


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the nearby stars are blue um the


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relatively nearby cluster of galaxies is


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white and the distant ones as you might


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expect it because they're highly red


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shifted they look orange in color um and


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again distorted so we're looking back


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here um you know uh it will be well the


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the nearby cluster is 4.6 billion light


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years away uh the one Beyond it could be


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double that um I haven't seen the


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results of that but it's it's a long way


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off uh and what I think is most telling


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about this image so this is um being


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called web's first Deep Field image um


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and you probably remember because we've


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talked about it before the Hubble


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telescope produced a number of Deep


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Field images deep being how how far into


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the universe you're looking how far into


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the past you're looking um and there was


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the the the Deep Field the Hubble I


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can't remember what the the ultra Deep


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Field I think was the last one there


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were a number in between as well um but


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they took weeks of time on the Hubble


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Space Telescope to build up the imagery


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I remember the first one they they chose


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the part of Sky because there was


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nothing visible in it and so then they


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they observed it for for several nights


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or several days um because it doesn't


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matter in a Space Telescope um and


00:06:29.120 --> 00:06:32.070
finally got these deep Fields so but it


00:06:32.080 --> 00:06:35.749
took up to weeks to get them the James


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web first Deep Field was obtained in 12


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hours so that's telling you uh that you


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know we we now have a tool that can beat


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the pants off the Hubble Space Telescope


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and that is no small achievement and of


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course that comes about because it's a


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much bigger telescope uh the Hubble Is


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2.3 meter telescope uh this is a 6.5


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meter


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telescope yeah it's uh and and and


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that's really part of the reason why


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people have become so um excited in


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anticipation of what it is capable of


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and it's uh it's already showing its


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true colors buom uh you know the part


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that really blew my mind when I looked


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at the image and read the description


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from NASA I'm sure you'll know what I'm


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talking about here uh Master says this


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image covers a patch of Sky


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approximately the size of a grain of


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sand held at arms length by someone on


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the ground that's right and reveals


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thousands of galaxies in a tiny sliver


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of vast


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space it I know we always talk about the


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vastness of the universe but here we are


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looking at a distance of maybe 4 to 8


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billion light years and we're looking at


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something that uh only takes up space


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the size of the grain of sand held it


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arms length I mean my word it just it it


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is or inspiring it really is yeah it


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blew the president away as well I don't


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know whether you saw the uh the NASA


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broadcast when this was released but


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President Biden uh you could tell he was


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absolutely captivated by all this it's


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fantastic to see uh such enthusiasm um


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and of course Andrew this is only the


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first of many by the time uh our listen


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are watching and listening to this if


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they watch on YouTube uh we expect uh


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another tranch of images to have been


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released um the kinds of things that


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we're expecting to see in fact I think


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we've got a fairly um a fairly good list


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here uh we'll see wasp


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96b now that is a planet that's an extra


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Solar Planet wasp 96b so it's going to


00:08:55.440 --> 00:08:58.030
be really interesting to see uh how that


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shows up we're going to see the southern


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Ring Nebula uh that's a planetary nebula


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we'll see no doubt a lot of detail in


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that we're going to see a cluster of


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galaxies a very compact uh cluster of


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galaxies called Stefan's quintet very


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well-known very beloved of Galactic uh


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astronomers or extra Galactic


00:09:16.320 --> 00:09:18.069
astronomers people who study the The


00:09:18.079 --> 00:09:20.110
Wider Universe these galaxies are


00:09:20.120 --> 00:09:21.670
physically close together and all


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interacting with one another and of


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course uh an object in our deep southern


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Sky the Karina nebula the EA Karina


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nebula one of the most active regions uh


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of space in our local neighborhood so it


00:09:33.800 --> 00:09:35.230
be really interesting to see what's


00:09:35.240 --> 00:09:38.269
going on in that too yes yes and and who


00:09:38.279 --> 00:09:41.630
knows we we might actually be focusing


00:09:41.640 --> 00:09:44.870
our cameras on alien civilizations out


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there somewhere and we don't even know


00:09:46.519 --> 00:09:48.829
it we don't that Dove Tales beautifully


00:09:48.839 --> 00:09:52.870
into our next story so all I'll say just


00:09:52.880 --> 00:09:54.670
to finish up with the James wor Space


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Telescope is watch this space as we as


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we've said uh because there's some


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exciting things to come it's uh really I


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I think it's fantastic that they've done


00:10:04.360 --> 00:10:06.470
so well that it got in place yes it's


00:10:06.480 --> 00:10:07.710
had a couple of problems that they've


00:10:07.720 --> 00:10:10.470
managed to overcome without any adverse


00:10:10.480 --> 00:10:13.670
effect and now it's ready to do its job


00:10:13.680 --> 00:10:15.670
and uh yeah who knows what we're going


00:10:15.680 --> 00:10:18.990
to learn Fred who knows absolutely


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fabulous stuff you're listening to and


00:10:22.000 --> 00:10:24.190
in some places watching Space Nuts with


00:10:24.200 --> 00:10:29.949
Andrew Dunley and Professor Fred Watson


00:10:29.959 --> 00:10:32.870
and I feel fine Space Nuts uh now we'll


00:10:32.880 --> 00:10:37.069
go to uh Alex who's from a lovely uh


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it's it's actually a sorted nasty


00:10:39.000 --> 00:10:42.110
horrible little place called bellingen


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and you said come on in New South Wales


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it's actually a a glorious part of the


00:10:47.279 --> 00:10:50.829
world it's still yeah yeah Alex is


00:10:50.839 --> 00:10:52.509
asking about galaxies this is really


00:10:52.519 --> 00:10:55.350
good too hi Fred and Andrew it's Alex


00:10:55.360 --> 00:10:57.550
from bellingen congratulations on your


00:10:57.560 --> 00:11:00.910
300 shows May the be many more okay


00:11:00.920 --> 00:11:03.269
straight into my question it's about the


00:11:03.279 --> 00:11:06.550
apparent size of galaxies it's common


00:11:06.560 --> 00:11:07.949
understanding that the further away an


00:11:07.959 --> 00:11:10.030
object is the smaller it appears to our


00:11:10.040 --> 00:11:12.670
eyes I guess you could say the object's


00:11:12.680 --> 00:11:15.710
angular size reduces with distance just


00:11:15.720 --> 00:11:17.710
look down a long straight road lined


00:11:17.720 --> 00:11:20.310
with power poles and the poles appear


00:11:20.320 --> 00:11:22.870
smaller the further away they are but


00:11:22.880 --> 00:11:24.629
I've heard this seemingly obvious


00:11:24.639 --> 00:11:26.590
relationship between distance and


00:11:26.600 --> 00:11:30.190
apparent size does not apply to Galaxy


00:11:30.200 --> 00:11:32.389
well it does to a point but at some


00:11:32.399 --> 00:11:34.590
distance away from us the apparent size


00:11:34.600 --> 00:11:37.350
of galaxies stops getting smaller and


00:11:37.360 --> 00:11:39.710
then begins to increase the further from


00:11:39.720 --> 00:11:42.750
us they are have I heard that right and


00:11:42.760 --> 00:11:45.750
if so how the heck does that work thanks


00:11:45.760 --> 00:11:47.430
and keep up the good work it's all the


00:11:47.440 --> 00:11:50.509
best oh boy you tell us Alex um that


00:11:50.519 --> 00:11:53.670
sounds bizarre Fred it does doesn't it


00:11:53.680 --> 00:11:56.430
it's an extraordinary thing but it is


00:11:56.440 --> 00:12:00.190
actually true um and


00:12:00.200 --> 00:12:02.829
it's it's a real


00:12:02.839 --> 00:12:07.389
illustration of the fact that um we live


00:12:07.399 --> 00:12:11.470
in a universe that has peculiar


00:12:11.480 --> 00:12:16.389
properties uh and it's basically uh the


00:12:16.399 --> 00:12:18.269
fact that we live in an expanding


00:12:18.279 --> 00:12:20.750
universe that causes this phenomenon to


00:12:20.760 --> 00:12:24.509
happen uh because uh if you go through


00:12:24.519 --> 00:12:26.590
the mathematics and actually there's


00:12:26.600 --> 00:12:27.829
There Are Places on the web where you


00:12:27.839 --> 00:12:29.829
can find some nice diagrams that show


00:12:29.839 --> 00:12:33.430
how this works uh the the further away


00:12:33.440 --> 00:12:36.790
you look um you get to a certain point


00:12:36.800 --> 00:12:38.629
Beyond which things don't look any


00:12:38.639 --> 00:12:42.750
smaller uh because uh you're you because


00:12:42.760 --> 00:12:45.430
the universe is expanding that's the the


00:12:45.440 --> 00:12:48.829
best way to put it um


00:12:48.839 --> 00:12:53.069
so so if you imagine


00:12:53.079 --> 00:12:55.670
um think about you know our and


00:12:55.680 --> 00:12:58.550
Andromeda galaxy our nearest neighbor


00:12:58.560 --> 00:13:01.870
which is alog together something like 2°


00:13:01.880 --> 00:13:05.030
on the sky uh at its distance of about 2


00:13:05.040 --> 00:13:08.949
and a half million light years away so


00:13:08.959 --> 00:13:12.030
if you started uh you we we envisage


00:13:12.040 --> 00:13:13.949
Andromeda we know what it's like we've


00:13:13.959 --> 00:13:16.590
all seen pictures of the androma Galaxy


00:13:16.600 --> 00:13:19.629
uh beautiful uh elongated spiral because


00:13:19.639 --> 00:13:22.790
it's tilted over towards us um 2 and a


00:13:22.800 --> 00:13:25.990
half million light years away if you


00:13:26.000 --> 00:13:28.150
took that Galaxy further and further


00:13:28.160 --> 00:13:29.710
away of course


00:13:29.720 --> 00:13:31.990
it would start looking smaller and


00:13:32.000 --> 00:13:33.550
smaller because it's getting further


00:13:33.560 --> 00:13:36.269
away the laws of physics work pretty


00:13:36.279 --> 00:13:39.389
normally over small distances but once


00:13:39.399 --> 00:13:45.990
she gets to uh a distance which is uh


00:13:46.000 --> 00:13:49.470
actually it it's the distance varies


00:13:49.480 --> 00:13:51.629
because you it depends on your model of


00:13:51.639 --> 00:13:54.389
the universe uh but I can give you the


00:13:54.399 --> 00:13:56.230
technical answer it's at a red shift of


00:13:56.240 --> 00:13:57.230
about


00:13:57.240 --> 00:14:00.350
1.5 uh and that's sort of a distance


00:14:00.360 --> 00:14:02.350
that's measured in billions of light


00:14:02.360 --> 00:14:03.509
years we probably talking about


00:14:03.519 --> 00:14:05.430
something like eight or nine billion


00:14:05.440 --> 00:14:07.430
light years once it gets to that


00:14:07.440 --> 00:14:10.629
distance it hits a minimum size which is


00:14:10.639 --> 00:14:12.990
about a thousandth of a degree remember


00:14:13.000 --> 00:14:15.509
it's it's two degrees at its present


00:14:15.519 --> 00:14:17.230
distance but it gets down to this


00:14:17.240 --> 00:14:21.230
1,000th of a degree Mark and and even


00:14:21.240 --> 00:14:23.110
though then you know keep on moving it


00:14:23.120 --> 00:14:26.189
away it doesn't actually get any smaller


00:14:26.199 --> 00:14:28.150
in fact it starts getting a bit bigger


00:14:28.160 --> 00:14:30.710
and that is totally bizarre but it's


00:14:30.720 --> 00:14:33.269
just about the way light behaves in an


00:14:33.279 --> 00:14:34.430
expanding


00:14:34.440 --> 00:14:37.430
Universe wow and and is this something


00:14:37.440 --> 00:14:39.990
that would be able to be demonstrated by


00:14:40.000 --> 00:14:42.749
the James web space exactly so I think


00:14:42.759 --> 00:14:45.470
we'll see you know we'll see physical


00:14:45.480 --> 00:14:47.310
proof of this happening with the gen's


00:14:47.320 --> 00:14:49.509
web Space Telescope when they they find


00:14:49.519 --> 00:14:51.350
that there are galaxies that don't seem


00:14:51.360 --> 00:14:53.069
to get any smaller even though you


00:14:53.079 --> 00:14:55.350
looking at them further and further away


00:14:55.360 --> 00:14:56.389
quite


00:14:56.399 --> 00:14:59.590
incredible that's um the same effect


00:14:59.600 --> 00:15:01.550
I have when I hit a golf ball it doesn't


00:15:01.560 --> 00:15:04.509
get smaller or smaller it stays about


00:15:04.519 --> 00:15:08.189
the same size yes suggests I'm not


00:15:08.199 --> 00:15:10.110
really hitting it very far at


00:15:10.120 --> 00:15:13.590
all never mind if you hit it it start


00:15:13.600 --> 00:15:14.629
getting


00:15:14.639 --> 00:15:18.670
bigger it's coming back to you yes


00:15:18.680 --> 00:15:20.870
absolutely uh thanks Alex and hope all


00:15:20.880 --> 00:15:22.670
is well in Belling I know you've been


00:15:22.680 --> 00:15:25.389
getting rained upon by cats and dogs and


00:15:25.399 --> 00:15:27.110
camels and who knows what else in recent


00:15:27.120 --> 00:15:28.670
times so hopefully it'll start to dry


00:15:28.680 --> 00:15:29.340
out


00:15:29.350 --> 00:15:31.110
[Music]


00:15:31.120 --> 00:15:34.350
soon Space Nuts hello again space


00:15:34.360 --> 00:15:36.350
Nutters this is Anna from astronomy


00:15:36.360 --> 00:15:38.590
daily the podcast stopping by again with


00:15:38.600 --> 00:15:40.230
a couple of the important stories we've


00:15:40.240 --> 00:15:42.790
been following over the past week


00:15:42.800 --> 00:15:44.430
astronomers may have finally cracked a


00:15:44.440 --> 00:15:46.509
longstanding cosmic mystery about one of


00:15:46.519 --> 00:15:49.030
our Galaxy's most intriguing features


00:15:49.040 --> 00:15:52.350
the gd1 Stellar stream this ribbon-like


00:15:52.360 --> 00:15:54.150
structure of stars which stretches


00:15:54.160 --> 00:15:56.590
across our Galaxy's Halo has puzzled


00:15:56.600 --> 00:15:58.550
scientists for years due to its unusual


00:15:58.560 --> 00:16:00.990
pattern of gaps and Spurs that seem to


00:16:01.000 --> 00:16:02.590
defy conventional


00:16:02.600 --> 00:16:04.870
explanations a team led by researchers


00:16:04.880 --> 00:16:06.309
at the University of California


00:16:06.319 --> 00:16:08.470
Riverside has proposed an exciting


00:16:08.480 --> 00:16:10.710
solution involving dark matter but not


00:16:10.720 --> 00:16:12.910
just any dark matter their research


00:16:12.920 --> 00:16:14.949
suggests these distinctive features were


00:16:14.959 --> 00:16:16.590
created by what's called a


00:16:16.600 --> 00:16:19.509
self-interacting dark matter sub Halo a


00:16:19.519 --> 00:16:21.389
dense concentration of dark matter that


00:16:21.399 --> 00:16:23.470
behaves differently than the traditional


00:16:23.480 --> 00:16:25.230
cold Dark Matter model we're familiar


00:16:25.240 --> 00:16:27.430
with what makes this discovery


00:16:27.440 --> 00:16:29.710
particularly fascinating is that the


00:16:29.720 --> 00:16:31.990
density needed to create these unusual


00:16:32.000 --> 00:16:35.350
patterns in gd1 is much higher than what


00:16:35.360 --> 00:16:37.150
we'd expect from conventional Dark


00:16:37.160 --> 00:16:39.509
Matter theories the research team found


00:16:39.519 --> 00:16:41.430
that only a collapsing subh of


00:16:41.440 --> 00:16:43.550
self-interacting Dark Matter could


00:16:43.560 --> 00:16:45.790
achieve the necessary density to produce


00:16:45.800 --> 00:16:48.629
these distinctive features we observe


00:16:48.639 --> 00:16:50.269
this isn't just about solving one


00:16:50.279 --> 00:16:52.990
mysterious structure in our galaxy if


00:16:53.000 --> 00:16:54.550
confirmed these findings could


00:16:54.560 --> 00:16:56.269
fundamentally change our understanding


00:16:56.279 --> 00:16:59.189
of Dark Matter itself remember Dark


00:16:59.199 --> 00:17:01.949
Matter makes up about 85% of all matter


00:17:01.959 --> 00:17:04.029
in the universe yet we still know


00:17:04.039 --> 00:17:06.710
remarkably little about its true nature


00:17:06.720 --> 00:17:08.710
This research suggests that dark matter


00:17:08.720 --> 00:17:10.429
particles might interact with each other


00:17:10.439 --> 00:17:12.870
through a new kind of force rather than


00:17:12.880 --> 00:17:14.590
being completely invisible to one


00:17:14.600 --> 00:17:17.270
another as previously thought the team


00:17:17.280 --> 00:17:19.270
used sophisticated computer simulations


00:17:19.280 --> 00:17:21.270
to model how this self-interacting dark


00:17:21.280 --> 00:17:23.390
matter would behave and the results


00:17:23.400 --> 00:17:25.110
matched perfectly with the observed


00:17:25.120 --> 00:17:28.189
features in the gd1 Stream it's like


00:17:28.199 --> 00:17:30.029
finding the piece of a puzzle that's


00:17:30.039 --> 00:17:32.190
been sitting on the table for years


00:17:32.200 --> 00:17:34.110
suddenly revealing a whole new picture


00:17:34.120 --> 00:17:36.909
of how our galaxy Works what's


00:17:36.919 --> 00:17:38.390
particularly exciting about this


00:17:38.400 --> 00:17:40.789
discovery is that it opens up new ways


00:17:40.799 --> 00:17:43.549
to study dark matter by looking at


00:17:43.559 --> 00:17:45.870
Stellar streams like gd1 we might be


00:17:45.880 --> 00:17:47.789
able to better understand not just where


00:17:47.799 --> 00:17:50.190
dark matter is but how it behaves and


00:17:50.200 --> 00:17:52.669
interacts with itself something that


00:17:52.679 --> 00:17:54.590
could revolutionize our understanding of


00:17:54.600 --> 00:17:56.990
the universe's fundamental


00:17:57.000 --> 00:17:59.669
structure next a little mystery from


00:17:59.679 --> 00:18:01.750
China that has set the space Community


00:18:01.760 --> 00:18:04.070
buzzing in a remarkable display of


00:18:04.080 --> 00:18:06.270
technological advancement China's space


00:18:06.280 --> 00:18:08.350
program has taken a significant Leap


00:18:08.360 --> 00:18:10.669
Forward conducting tests of five


00:18:10.679 --> 00:18:12.710
different rocket engines all in a single


00:18:12.720 --> 00:18:14.909
day the China Aerospace Science and


00:18:14.919 --> 00:18:17.390
Technology Corporation or Cass C carried


00:18:17.400 --> 00:18:18.990
out these tests at two separate


00:18:19.000 --> 00:18:21.470
locations Beijing and lwan county in


00:18:21.480 --> 00:18:24.390
heay Province one of the most notable


00:18:24.400 --> 00:18:26.630
tests involved a new hydrogen oxygen


00:18:26.640 --> 00:18:29.350
engine designed for upper stage Rockets


00:18:29.360 --> 00:18:31.630
during its 100 second test firing


00:18:31.640 --> 00:18:33.470
Engineers gathered crucial performance


00:18:33.480 --> 00:18:35.430
data that could pave the way for future


00:18:35.440 --> 00:18:37.750
missions this wasn't just any routine


00:18:37.760 --> 00:18:40.430
test it's believed to be connected to


00:18:40.440 --> 00:18:42.350
China's ambitious plans for crude lunar


00:18:42.360 --> 00:18:44.590
missions specifically their Long March


00:18:44.600 --> 00:18:47.070
10th launcher program but that's not all


00:18:47.080 --> 00:18:49.789
that was tested that day in Beijing


00:18:49.799 --> 00:18:51.630
Engineers put three different engines


00:18:51.640 --> 00:18:54.270
through their Paces a main engine an


00:18:54.280 --> 00:18:56.470
upper stage engine and a reaction and


00:18:56.480 --> 00:18:58.750
Orbit Control engine while spefic


00:18:58.760 --> 00:19:00.310
specific details about which Rockets


00:19:00.320 --> 00:19:02.430
these engines are destined for remain


00:19:02.440 --> 00:19:04.630
Under Wraps it's clear that China is


00:19:04.640 --> 00:19:07.549
developing multiple launch capabilities


00:19:07.559 --> 00:19:10.230
simultaneously perhaps most intriguingly


00:19:10.240 --> 00:19:12.190
the testing day included a methane


00:19:12.200 --> 00:19:14.750
liquid oxygen engine at the lwan


00:19:14.760 --> 00:19:17.149
facility this type of engine represents


00:19:17.159 --> 00:19:19.390
The Cutting Edge of Rocket technology


00:19:19.400 --> 00:19:21.110
with several Chinese companies already


00:19:21.120 --> 00:19:23.630
developing similar systems it's worth


00:19:23.640 --> 00:19:25.310
noting that Cassie is working on a


00:19:25.320 --> 00:19:27.669
particularly powerful version for their


00:19:27.679 --> 00:19:30.789
Long March 9th Mega rocket project these


00:19:30.799 --> 00:19:32.669
tests signal China's commitment to


00:19:32.679 --> 00:19:34.630
developing a diverse range of Rocket


00:19:34.640 --> 00:19:37.149
Technologies from deep space exploration


00:19:37.159 --> 00:19:39.870
vehicles to heavy lift Rockets according


00:19:39.880 --> 00:19:41.710
to KSC Engineers this is just the


00:19:41.720 --> 00:19:43.590
beginning they're planning to conduct


00:19:43.600 --> 00:19:45.190
even more research and testing of


00:19:45.200 --> 00:19:47.110
various engine types for China's major


00:19:47.120 --> 00:19:49.390
space projects suggesting we might see


00:19:49.400 --> 00:19:51.430
several new Chinese Rockets debut in the


00:19:51.440 --> 00:19:54.230
coming year this coordinated testing


00:19:54.240 --> 00:19:56.029
effort demonstrates China's growing


00:19:56.039 --> 00:19:58.350
capabilities in space technology and


00:19:58.360 --> 00:20:00.110
their determination to become a major


00:20:00.120 --> 00:20:02.870
player in space exploration with these


00:20:02.880 --> 00:20:04.430
successful tests they're laying the


00:20:04.440 --> 00:20:06.510
groundwork for increasingly ambitious


00:20:06.520 --> 00:20:09.029
missions from lunar exploration to


00:20:09.039 --> 00:20:11.669
potential Mars voyages and that's it


00:20:11.679 --> 00:20:14.070
from me for this episode of Space Nuts


00:20:14.080 --> 00:20:16.470
I'm Anna don't forget to visit astronomy


00:20:16.480 --> 00:20:18.990
daily. for your daily fix of space and


00:20:19.000 --> 00:20:21.470
astronomy news updates we're constantly


00:20:21.480 --> 00:20:23.190
updating the site with the latest


00:20:23.200 --> 00:20:25.190
discoveries Mission updates and Cosmic


00:20:25.200 --> 00:20:27.390
wonders until our next adventure through


00:20:27.400 --> 00:20:29.669
the cosmos keep looking up and stay


00:20:29.679 --> 00:20:30.990
curious about the Mysteries that


00:20:31.000 --> 00:20:33.830
surround us in space Space Nuts you'll


00:20:33.840 --> 00:20:36.950
be listening to the Space Nuts


00:20:36.960 --> 00:20:40.029
podcast available at Apple podcasts


00:20:40.039 --> 00:20:42.990
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00:20:43.000 --> 00:20:45.270
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demand at bites.com this has been


00:20:48.000 --> 00:20:50.390
another quality podcast production from


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bites.com