Hypervelocity Star with Planet, Lunar Origins, and the Mystery of Peter Pan Disks: S04E42

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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welcome to astronomy daily your daily


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dose of space and astronomy news today


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we're diving into some incredible


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discoveries and developments from across


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the cosmos we'll explore a remarkable


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hypervelocity star system racing through


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space at Breakneck speeds uncover new


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findings about our Moon's ancient


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history and look ahead to an exciting


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week of rocket launches plus we'll


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investigate the physics of tiny black


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holes learn about the possible origins


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of our first Interstellar visitor and


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discover why some Planet forming discs


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seem to never grow up stay with me as we


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journey through these fascinating


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stories from the final


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frontier in what might be one of the


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most extraordinary discoveries of recent


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times NASA scientists have identified


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what they believe to be the fastest


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moving planetary system ever observed


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picture this a star hurdling through


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space at an astonishing 1.2 million


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milph and it's not traveling alone this


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Cosmic Speedster is dragging along what


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appears to be a super Neptune sized


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Planet making this Duo the fastest known


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planetary system in our


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galaxy this remarkable Discovery was


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made possible thanks to a phenomenon


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predicted by Einstein's theory of


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general relativity called gravitational


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lensing the system was first detected


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back in 2011 when its gravity caused a


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slight warping of light from background


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Stars after a decade of follow-up


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observations using the kek observatory


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in Hawaii and data from the Gaia


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spacecraft scientists were able to


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confirm their find finding the star


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system is located approximately 24,000


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light years away near the dense central


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bulge of the Milky Way what's


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particularly fascinating is that this


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system is moving so fast it actually


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exceeds our Galaxy's escape


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velocity this means it's literally in


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the process of breaking free from the


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Milky Way's gravitational grip and could


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eventually become an Intergalactic


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Wanderer while the team has confirmed


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the star's incredible speed in two


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Dimensions there's a possibility it


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could be moving even faster potentially


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up to 1.3 million mph if it's also


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moving toward or away from Earth this


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would make it not just a recordbreaker


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but a system truly pushing the


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boundaries of what we thought possible


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in terms of planetary survival at such


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extreme


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velocities let's turn our attention now


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to this week's launches space


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enthusiasts are in for a treat this week


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with an action-packed launch schedule


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featuring four exciting missions space X


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is leading the charge with three


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separate Falcon 9 launches carrying


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their starlink satellites while rocket


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lab rounds out the lineup with their


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60th electron Mission from New Zealand


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one of these launches is particularly


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noteworthy as it marks a historic first


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SpaceX will attempt to land a falcon 9


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booster in Bahamian Waters near the


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island of Exuma this new Landing Zone


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made possible through an agreement with


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Bahamian authorities offers calmer more


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sheltered Waters compared to the open


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Atlantic this should provide more


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reliable Landing conditions and enable


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SpaceX to explore new launch


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trajectories from Cape Canaveral the


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first starlink mission will deploy 23 V2


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mini satellites to low earth orbit with


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the veteran booster b180 making it 16th


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flight meanwhile rocket lab's Mission


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playfully titled fasten your space belts


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will carry a black Sky gen 3 Earth


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Imaging satellite these new satellites


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will provide enhanced Imaging


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capabilities with very high resolution


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35 CM imagery combined with AI enabled


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analytics the week's remaining starlink


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launches will continue spacex's rapid


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deployment of their internet


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constellation with one launching from


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vandenbberg space force base in


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California and another from Cape


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Canaveral in


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Florida this intense launch Cadence


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demonstrates the growing momentum in


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commercial space operations and the


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increasing reliability of reusable


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rocket


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technology next up today


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scientists have made a fascinating


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breakthrough in understanding our Moon's


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earliest days thanks to new analysis of


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rocks collected during the Apollo


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missions by examining these lunar


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samples researchers have pinpointed that


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our Cosmic companion solidified


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approximately 4.43 billion years ago a


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timeline that remarkably coincides with


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Earth becoming a habitable world the key


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to this discovery lies in a unique


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substance found in moon rocks called


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creep an acronym for potassium rare


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Earth elements and


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phosphorus this material formed as The


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Last Remnant of the moon's original


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magma ocean making it an invaluable


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window into our satellites cooling


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process by analyzing the decay of a rare


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Earth element called lutetium into


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hafnium within these rocks researchers


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were able to determine that creep formed


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about 140 million years after the Solar


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System's birth this timing tells us that


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the moon was still Cooling and


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crystallizing while being bombarded by


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Leftover planetary debris from the solar


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systems formation what makes this


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finding particularly significant is how


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it aligns with Earth's own timeline the


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impact that created the moon was likely


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the last major Collision Earth


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experienced potentially marking the


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beginning of our planet's transformation


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into a stable life-supporting world this


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new dating method not only helps us


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understand the moon's Evolution but


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provides crucial context for Earth's


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early history as well these findings


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come at an exciting time as future


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Artemis missions to the lunar South Pole


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could provide even more samples to study


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potentially confirming whether this


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creep layer exists uniformly across the


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moon


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surface have you ever wondered what


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would happen if a microscopic black hole


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passed right through your body well a


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fascinating new study has tackled this


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exact question and the results might


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surprise you while most of us would


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assume instant destruction the reality


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is more nuanced the research focused on


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primordial black holes theoretical


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objects that may have formed in the


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universe's earliest moments these would


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be far smaller than the Stellar black


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holes we typically think of ranging from


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the mass of an atom to several times


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Earth's mass for a black hole to be


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potentially lethal it would need to be


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in the same mass range as


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asteroids the study examined two main


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effects tidal forces and shock waves


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while the tidal forces from such a tiny


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black hole passing through your limbs or


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torso might only cause localized damage


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similar to a needle A Passage through


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your brain could be fatal due to the


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delicate nature of brain cells but the


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real danger would come from shock waves


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a black hole with just 1.4 X10


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circumflex 14 kg of mass could generate


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energy waves comparable to a22 caliber


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bullet definitely enough to cause


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serious harm before you start worrying


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though here's the good news even if


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these primordial black holes exist the


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chances of one passing through anyone in


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their lifetime are less than one in 10


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trillion so while it makes for


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fascinating physics it's not something


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that should keep you up at


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night let's revisit an old friend now


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new research is shedding light on the


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mysterious origins of umu mua that


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bizarre Interstellar object that briefly


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visited our solar system in


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2017 scientists have been puzzling over


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how such an unusual object could have


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formed and now they might have an answer


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using numerical simulations researchers


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have found that solar systems with giant


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planets could be the perfect breeding


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grounds for umu muua like objects the


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key lies in a process called tidal


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fragmentation where a large comet-like


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body passes too close to its star at


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high speed shattering into elongated


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shards what makes this particularly


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interesting is that these fragments


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would have a unique composition a rocky


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outer shell with subsurface ice hidden


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within this could explain umam mua's


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peculiar Behavior combining both


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asteroid like and comet-like


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properties the study suggests that


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systems with Jupiter sized planets at


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reasonable distances from their stars


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are especially good at producing these


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objects however the rate at which


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they're created still doesn't quite


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match what we'd expect to see suggesting


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there might be more to the story


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multiple Planet systems might be even


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better candidates as they're more


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efficient at ejecting objects into


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Interstellar space so while we're


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getting closer to understanding umam


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mua's origin


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it seems this Cosmic Wanderer still has


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some Secrets left to


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reveal finally today in a fascinating


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Twist on our understanding of planetary


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formation astronomers have discovered


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that some Planet forming diss are


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refusing to grow up quite literally


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these discs now nicknamed Peter Pan


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discs are being found around low mass


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stars and are lasting far longer than


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conventional theory suggest they should


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using the powerful aacom large millimet


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submillimeter array scientists have


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found these discs are still rich in


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Planet building materials even after 30


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million years that's three times longer


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than the typical 10 million year


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lifespan we expected even more


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surprisingly they're packed with


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hydrocarbons and show chemical


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signatures never before seen in such


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mature diss this extended lifetime could


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completely change our understanding of


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how planets form around smaller Stars


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the longer these discs stick around the


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more time there is for planetary cores


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to build up and for complex chemical


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processes to unfold it's particularly


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intriguing because these conditions


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might favor the formation of planets


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with unique characteristics possibly


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including worlds with carbon-rich


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atmospheres similar to Saturn's moon


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Titan while these Peter Pan discs appear


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to be rare with only nine discovered so


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far they might not be as uncommon as we


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think it's possible we're just limited


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by our current observational


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capabilities and many more of these


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eternally young discs are waiting to be


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discovered out there in the cosmos


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and that brings us to the end of another


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intriguing episode this has been


00:10:03.880 --> 00:10:06.269
astronomy daily with Anna for all the


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latest space in astronomy news from


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around the internet visit our website at


00:10:10.600 --> 00:10:11.670
astronomy


00:10:11.680 --> 00:10:14.069
daily. there you'll find our constantly


00:10:14.079 --> 00:10:15.870
updating Newsfeed and can listen to all


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our back episodes stay connected with us


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on social media you can find us by


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Tok and don't forget to subscribe to the


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podcast wherever you get your podcast


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details on all of this can be found on


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our website until next we meet keep


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looking up you never know what you might


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see out there in the cosmos see you


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tomorrow


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[Music]