Homeward Bound Astronauts and Betelgeuse’s Imminent Supernova: S04E66

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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welcome to astronomy daily your daily


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dose of space and astronomy news I'm


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your host Anna and today we've got a


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packed episode covering everything from


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Stranded astronauts finally coming home


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to groundbreaking telescope observations


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and exciting space launches from Mission


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Control to the depths of deep space


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we're bringing you the latest


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developments in space exploration and


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astronomical discoveries that are


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shaping our understanding of the cosmos


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let's get on with it after unexpectedly


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Extended Stay aboard the International


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Space Station NASA astronauts Butch


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Wilmore and Sunni Williams are finally


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preparing to return home what was


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originally planned as an 8-day Mission


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has stretched into nearly 300 days in


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space making this one of the longer


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unplanned extensions of a space mission


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in recent memory the two astronauts


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arrived at the ISS last June as part of


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Boeing's first Starliner crew test


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flight however their return was delayed


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due to multiple technical issues with


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Boeing spacecraft including five helium


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leaks and five failures of its reaction


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control system thrusters these


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complications led to the mission being


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abandoned leaving Wilmore and Williams


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to wait for an alternative ride home now


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they're scheduled to depart the space


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station aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule


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on Tuesday morning with a planned splash


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down near Florida by evening they'll be


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joined by NASA astronaut Nick hay and


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roscosmos Cosmonaut Alexander gorinov in


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the Dragon capsule appropriately named


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Freedom during their Extended Stay the


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astronauts have had to maintain rigorous


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Health protocols to combat the effects


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of long-term space flight this includes


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2 hours of daily resistance and


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endurance training to prevent the muscle


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and bone loss that naturally occurs in


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microgravity while their 300 days in


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space is impressive it's still well


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short of the current record of 437 days


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set by Russian cosmina valer polyakov in


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1995 NASA will be live streaming the


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entire return Journey starting with the


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hatch closure between freedom and the


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ISS on Monday night the undocking is


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scheduled for early Tuesday morning


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North American time with the Final Phase


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of re-entry beginning Tuesday evening


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weather conditions are currently


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favorable for the splash down though


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NASA continues to monitor various


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factors including spacecraft Readiness


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recovery team preparedness and SE


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States meanwhile in Australia in a


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remarkable achievement for radio


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astronomy the sco telescope in remote


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Australia has captured its first image


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of the cosmos while construction of this


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groundbreaking instrument is still


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ongoing even its initial capabilities


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have revealed something extraordinary 85


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of the brightest known galaxies in a


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particular region of space each


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harboring super massive black holes at


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their centers to put the scale of this


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observation in perspective the area of


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Sky captured is equivalent to holding a


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small apple at arms length or about 100


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full moons but what makes this


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achievement even more impressive is that


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it was accomplished using just four


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connected stations comprising only 1,24


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antennas spread across less than 6


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kilometers Dr George heeld the ska low


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lead commissioning scientist notes that


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the quality of this first image exceeded


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their expectations even with such an


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early version of the telescope the


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successful image also confirmed that the


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telescope's complex systems are working


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as intended from the proper connection


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of stations to The crucial Timing


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Systems and data calibration processes


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but this is just the beginning over the


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next 18 months an additional 16,000


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antennas will be added to the array


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making scale low the most sensitive


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radio telescope of its kind with this


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expanded capability it will be able to


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detect more than 4,500 galaxies in the


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same area of sky that currently shows


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just


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85 the ultimate vision is even more


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ambitious once construction is completed


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scale low will include more than 130,000


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antennas spread across 74 km when it


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begins deep surveys of this region of


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sky in 2030 scientists expect it to


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reveal up to 600,000 galaxies including


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some of the faintest and most distant


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objects from the early Universe when the


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first stars and galaxies were just


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beginning to form let's move on now to


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this week's activity schedule space


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launch enthusiasts are in for an


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exciting week ahead with multiple


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missions scheduled from several launch


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providers around the globe let's break


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down the packed launch manifest that's


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coming our way SpaceX is leading the


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charge with three Falcon 9 Launches on


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the schedule first up is a starlink


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mission set for Tuesday launching from


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Cape Canaveral space force station in


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Florida this will be followed by a


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national reconnaissance office Mission


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from vandenbberg space force base in


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California on Wednesday the week will


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wrap up with another starlink launch


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from vandenbberg on Saturday rocket lab


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is maintaining its impressive launch


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Cadence with an electron Mission dubbed


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high five from their launch site in New


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Zealand this Mission launching early


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Tuesday will deliver the final batch of


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satellites for the French company kinis


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completing their Internet of Things


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constellation this launch comes just 72


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hours after their previous successful


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Mission showcasing rocket Labs growing


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capability for Rapid launch operations


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meanwhile in China


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Galactic energy has scheduled two


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launches of their gin sing one rocket


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from the jukan satellite launch Center


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in the GOI desert the first mission has


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already successfully delivered eight


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satellites to orbit including Earth


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observation and weather monitoring


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spacecraft a second launch is planned


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for later in the week though details


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about its payload remain Under Wraps


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this busy launch schedule continues the


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trend we've seen in recent months of


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increased commercial space activity if


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all launches proceed as planned we'll


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see six orbital missions in just one


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week further demonstrating the growing


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accessibility and commercialization of


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space launch


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Services next up it's nice to be


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reporting on a highly successful mission


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to the Moon in a significant milestone


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for commercial lunar exploration Firefly


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Aerospace has announced the successful


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completion of their Blu ghost one lunar


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lander Mission the spacecraft wrapped up


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operations after an impressive 346 hours


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of daytime operations plus an additional


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5 hour hours after sunset at its Landing


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site in mayor chrum during its Mission


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Blu ghost won exceeded expectations


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collecting over 119 gab of data


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including 51 gab of scientific and


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Technical information from its 10 NASA


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sponsored payloads the mission achieved


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all of its objectives marking a major


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success for both Firefly and NASA's


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commercial lunar payload Services


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Program among its achievements the


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Lander made history by tracking GPS


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signals on the lunar surface for the


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first time and conducted the deepest


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robotic drilling operation ever


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performed on the moon the spacecraft


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even managed to capture observations of


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a solar eclipse as Earth passed between


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the Sun and the Moon on March 14th


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creating a spectacular ring of light as


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sunlight filtered through Earth's


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atmosphere the mission's success is


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particularly noteworthy as it was


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Firefly's first attempt at a lunar


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Landing this achievement stands out even


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even more considering the challenges


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faced by other recent commercial lunar


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missions that either failed to reach the


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moon or experienced hard Landings that


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limited their


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capabilities looking ahead Firefly


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already has two more lunar missions in


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the pipeline through NASA's program Blue


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Ghost 2 is scheduled for launch next


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year and will attempt an ambitious


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landing on the lunar Far Side while Blu


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ghost 3 is planned for 2028 returning to


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the near side with a suite of


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astrophysical and lunar science


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instruments


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including a small Rover this successful


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Mission represents a significant step


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forward improving the viability of


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commercial lunar exploration and sets a


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promising precedent for future private


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sector missions to the


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moon the James web Space Telescope has


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achieved another remarkable Milestone by


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capturing the first ever direct images


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of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of a


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distant planet these groundbreaking


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observations come from the HR 879


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9 system located 130 light years from


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Earth and provide crucial insights into


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how planets form the discovery is


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particularly significant as it offers


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compelling evidence that the four giant


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planets in the HR


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8,799 System likely formed through the


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same process as our own Jupiter and


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Saturn through core accretion where


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solid cores gradually accumulate gas


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over time this finding demonstrates


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web's unprecedented capability to


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directly analyze the chemical


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composition of exoplanet atmospheres


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rather than just inferring it from


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Starlight the HR


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8799 system is remarkably young only


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about 30 million years old compared to


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our Solar System's 4.6 billion years the


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planets are still hot from their


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formation emitting significant infrared


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light that provides scientists with


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valuable data about their composition


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and formation


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process using web's Advanced


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coronagraphs which block the bright


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light from Stars similar to how a solar


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eclipse works the research team was able


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to detect more heavy elements in these


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planets than previously thought they


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observed specific wavelengths that


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reveal the presence of various gases and


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other atmospheric


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components this achievement builds upon


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web's earlier indirect detection of


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carbon dioxide in 2022 when it observed


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the exoplanet wasp 39b as it passed in


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front of its star but this new direct


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Imaging capability opens up exciting new


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possibilities for studying Distant


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Worlds and understanding how planetary


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systems form and


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evolve the findings not only Advance our


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understanding of Planet formation but


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also demonstrate web's remarkable


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ability to peer into the atmospheres of


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Distant Worlds with unprecedented detail


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and precision this capability will be


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crucial as we continue to search for and


00:10:22.040 --> 00:10:23.949
study potentially habitable planets


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beyond our solar


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system let's turn our attention now to a


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fascinating Stellar neighbor that's been


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making headlines Beetle Juice this red


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giant star forming the distinctive


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shoulder of the constellation Orion sits


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about 500 light years away and is


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putting on quite a show as it approaches


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the end of its life to put its size into


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perspective if you placed Beetle Juice


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in our solar system it would extend


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roughly to the orbit of Mars this


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massive star weighing between 15 to 20


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times the mass of our sun is in an


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incredibly unstable phase of its life


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cycle and astronomers estimate it could


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go supernova anytime within the next few


00:11:03.360 --> 00:11:05.509
hundred thousand years or it might have


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already exploded with the light still


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traveling toward us when Beetlejuice


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does go supernova it will be truly


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spectacular we're talking about an event


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so bright it will be visible during


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broad daylight outshining every planet


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in our sky at night it will shine almost


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as brightly as the full moon allowing


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you to read a book at midnight by its


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light alone this Cosmic fireworks


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display will last for several months


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before gradually fading away now you


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might be wondering if we should be


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concerned about having such a powerful


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explosion relatively close to Earth the


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good news is that we're perfectly safe


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while supern noi release enormous


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amounts of energy the vast distance


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between us and Beetle juu means that by


00:11:48.000 --> 00:11:50.190
the time that energy reaches Earth it


00:11:50.200 --> 00:11:51.910
will have spread out so much that it


00:11:51.920 --> 00:11:54.629
poses no threat to our planet it's a


00:11:54.639 --> 00:11:56.509
perfect example of the inverse Square


00:11:56.519 --> 00:11:58.910
law in action the further you get from a


00:11:58.920 --> 00:12:00.750
source of radiation the more


00:12:00.760 --> 00:12:03.430
dramatically its effects decrease so


00:12:03.440 --> 00:12:04.990
when Beetle just finally does make its


00:12:05.000 --> 00:12:07.350
Grand exit we can simply sit back and


00:12:07.360 --> 00:12:09.230
enjoy the most impressive astronomical


00:12:09.240 --> 00:12:11.389
light show in human history knowing


00:12:11.399 --> 00:12:13.069
we've got front row seats to one of the


00:12:13.079 --> 00:12:16.110
universe's most spectacular


00:12:16.120 --> 00:12:18.310
events well that brings us to the end of


00:12:18.320 --> 00:12:20.110
another packed episode of astronomy


00:12:20.120 --> 00:12:22.430
daily from those stranded astronauts


00:12:22.440 --> 00:12:24.670
finally heading home to groundbreaking


00:12:24.680 --> 00:12:26.470
telescope images multiple rocket


00:12:26.480 --> 00:12:29.230
launches lunar Mission successes webs


00:12:29.240 --> 00:12:31.629
revolutionary exoplanet observations and


00:12:31.639 --> 00:12:33.509
the fascinating future of


00:12:33.519 --> 00:12:35.389
Beetlejuice it's been quite a journey


00:12:35.399 --> 00:12:37.790
through today's space news I'm Anna and


00:12:37.800 --> 00:12:39.829
I want to thank you for joining me today


00:12:39.839 --> 00:12:41.150
if you're hungry for more space and


00:12:41.160 --> 00:12:43.910
astronomy content head over to astronomy


00:12:43.920 --> 00:12:46.110
daily. where you can sign up for our


00:12:46.120 --> 00:12:48.030
free daily newsletter and stay up toate


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with our constantly updating news feed


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you'll also find all our previous


00:12:51.959 --> 00:12:54.069
episodes there ready for you to explore


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at your convenience and don't forget to


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join our growing community on social


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00:13:00.600 --> 00:13:04.470
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00:13:04.480 --> 00:13:06.949
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00:13:06.959 --> 00:13:08.750
our listeners and sharing the wonders of


00:13:08.760 --> 00:13:11.430
space with all of you until tomorrow


00:13:11.440 --> 00:13:13.189
keep looking up and stay curious about


00:13:13.199 --> 00:13:20.390
our fascinating universe


00:13:20.400 --> 00:13:34.550
[Music]


00:13:34.560 --> 00:13:37.560
told