Black Hole Flares, Simultaneous Rocket Launches, and New Life Horizons: S04E43

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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hello space enthusiasts and welcome to


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another episode of astronomy daily I'm


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your host Anna and we've assembled quite


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an array of stories for you today


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covering some incredible new discoveries


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and developments in the world of


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astronomy and space exploration from an


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extraordinary light show at the heart of


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our galaxy to groundbreaking


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observations of distant exoplanets


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revolutionary breakthroughs in space


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technology and even an update to some


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potentially concerning asteroid news


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we'll be covering it all today's Journey


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will take us from the super massive


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black hole at the center of our Milky


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Way to the far reaches of space where


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we're discovering new possibilities for


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life around dead stars we'll also look


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at some exciting developments in


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International Space collaboration and


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witness history being made with


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synchronized rocket launches so strap in


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and get ready for a fascinating


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exploration of the latest developments


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in space science and astronomy let's go


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the James web Space Telescope has given


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us an unprecedented view of Sagittarius


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AAR the super massive black hole lurking


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at the center of our Milky Way galaxy


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and what it's revealed is nothing short


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of spectacular an endless Cosmic light


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show that challenges our understanding


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of these mysterious Cosmic objects


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throughout an entire year of


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observations scientists have witnessed


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Sagittarius AAR constantly emitting


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streams of flares these aren't just


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occasional bursts we're seeing five to


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six major flares every single day each


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one unique in its brightness and


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duration some flar shine blindingly


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bright but only last moments While


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others maintain a fainter glow that


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persists for months what makes this


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discovery particularly fascinating is


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the seemingly random nature of these


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emissions Dr Farhad yusf Zada from


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Northwestern University who led the


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study describes it as a constantly


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changing bubbling brightness that


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suddenly erupts in spectacular bursts


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before calming down again there's no


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discernable pattern each observation


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reveals something new and unexpected the


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team believes these flares might be


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generated by two different


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processes the shorter fainter flickers


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likely come from turbulent fluctuations


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in the black hool's accretion disc the


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Ring of matter swirling around it think


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of it like solar flares on our sun but


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in a much more extreme environment the


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larger brighter flares on the other hand


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might result from colliding magnetic


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fields releasing accelerated


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particles this constant activity shows


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us that super massive black holes are


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far from the passive Cosmic vacuum


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cleaner we once imagined them to be


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instead they're Dynamic objects that


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actively interact with and influence


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their surroundings in ways were only


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beginning to understand looking ahead


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scientists hope to conduct even longer


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uninterrupted observations of


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Sagittarius AAR to uncover more details


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about these mysterious flares and


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perhaps finally determine if there's any


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pattern to this Cosmic light show these


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observations could revolutionize our


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understanding of how super massive black


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holes behave and influence their


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Galactic


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neighborhoods next on today's agenda in


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a remarkable display of modern space


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flight capabilities rocket lab and


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SpaceX conducted near simultaneous


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launches just minutes apart each


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achieving significant milestones in


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their respective missions rocket Labs


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electron rocket took off from New


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Zealand at 6:17 p.m. Eastern carrying


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black Sky's first Next Generation


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Imaging satellite to orbit this gen 3


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satellite represents a major advancement


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in Earth observation technology


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capable of capturing images at an


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impressive 35 CM resolution and even


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seeing through smoke and Haze using


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shortwave


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infrared Just 4 minutes later SpaceX


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launched their Falcon 9 rocket from Cape


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Canaveral deploying 23 starlink


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satellites but what made this launch


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particularly noteworthy was its


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groundbreaking Landing for the first


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time in spacex's history the Falcon 99's


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first stage booster touched down on a


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drone ship in Bahamian Waters marking


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their first landing in another country's


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territory this new Landing Zone isn't


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just about adding another pin to


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spacex's map it opens up entirely new


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trajectory options for launches from


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Florida particularly beneficial for


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Missions headed to Polar orbits it also


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provides a valuable alternative during


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winter months when weather conditions in


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the North Atlantic can be challenging


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for booster recovery the Bahamas Deputy


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Prime Minister Isaac Chester Cooper


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highlighted the significance of this


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achievement for his Nation seeing it as


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an opportunity to establish a foothold


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in the Aerospace industry while


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potentially boosting both educational


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opportunities and tourism despite some


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initial concerns about safety and


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environmental impact Cooper emphasized


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that extensive due diligence was done to


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ensure a successful First International


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Landing these launches represent the


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continuing evolution of commercial space


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flight with both companies pushing the


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boundaries of what's possible for Rocket


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lab this marks their 60th electron


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Mission while SpaceX continues their


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ambitious Pace toward their goal of up


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to 180 Falcon launches this


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year moving on to exciting developments


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in International Space cooperation the


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United States and India are


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strengthening their partnership in space


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Innovation through a new initiative


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called indust Innovation this program


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aims to create an innovation bridge


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between the two Nations focusing on


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Space technology alongside other


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emerging


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Fields the partnership Builds on the


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success of indis X established in 2023


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to promote cooperation between the


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defense industries of both countries


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we've already seen promising results


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from this collaboration with the Air


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Force research laboratory forming


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agreements with Indian startups on Space


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domain awareness and Earth observation


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Technologies one of the most tangible


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outcomes of this partnership will be the


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upcoming flight of an Indian astronaut


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aboard the ax4 private mission to the


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International Space Station this


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historic Mission scheduled for this


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spring in the US represent presents a


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significant milestone in the growing


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collaboration between these two space


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fairing Nations the countries are also


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working together on the NASA ISRO


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synthetic aperture radar Mission known


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as nysar while this earth science


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Mission has faced some delays due to


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technical challenges it demonstrates the


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commitment of both Nations to Joint


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scientific Endeavors looking ahead the


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partnership will expand into several new


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areas including long duration human


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space flight missions space flight


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safety and emerging Fields like


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planetary protection there's also a


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strong focus on commercial space


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activities ranging from launch services


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to space tourism and


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Manufacturing this enhanced


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collaboration between the United States


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and India marks a significant step


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forward in International Space


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cooperation potentially accelerating


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technological advancement and scientific


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discovery in both


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Nations next up on today's story list in


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a groundbreaking achievement astronomers


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have created the first ever


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three-dimensional map of an exoplanet's


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atmosphere giving us an unprecedented


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look at the weather patterns of a


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distant World using the European


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Southern observatory's very large


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telescope scientists have peered deep


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into the atmosphere of wasp


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121b also known as tylos an ultra hot


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Jupiter located about 900 light years


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away what they found is simply


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astounding imagine a world where iron


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and titanium are carried by extreme


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winds across alien Skies creating


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weather patterns unlike anything we've


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seen before the planet's jet streams


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form a climate system that makes our


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most violent hurricanes look like gentle


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breezes in


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comparison this remarkable gas giant


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completes an orbit around its star in


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just 30 Earth hours resulting in one


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side being permanently exposed to its


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Stars intense heat while the other


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remains relatively cooler the team


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discovered a complex system of winds


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operating at different layers in the


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atmosphere with a powerful jet stream


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rotating material around the planet's


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Equator the observations revealed three


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distinct atmospheric layers each with


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its own unique characteristics at the


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deepest level they found iron winds


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followed by an incredibly fast jet


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stream containing sodium and finally an


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upper layer of hydrogen winds perhaps


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most surprisingly they also detected


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titanium lurking just below the jet


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stream an element that had previously


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gone unnoticed in earlier studies of the


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planet this breakthrough wasn't just


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about mapping weather patterns it


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demonstrates our growing ability to


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study Distant Worlds in incredible


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detail Dr Julia sidel who led the study


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noted that this planet's atmosphere


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behaves in ways that challenge our


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understanding of how weather works not


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just on Earth but on all planets the


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implications of this discovery extend


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far beyond the single planet these new


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techniques and insights will help us


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better understand other exoplanets


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potentially including those more similar


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to Earth as we continue our search for


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worlds that might Harbor


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life now A little update for you on a


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story We and most of the world media it


00:09:06.800 --> 00:09:09.750
would seem have been following recent


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observations of asteroid 2024 yr4 have


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raised concerns among astronomers as


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NASA has upgraded the risk assessment


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for a potential Earth impact in 2032 the


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latest calculations now show a


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3.1% chance of collision or


00:09:25.560 --> 00:09:28.829
approximately a 1 in32 probability the


00:09:28.839 --> 00:09:31.150
highest ODS yet recorded for this space


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Rock the asteroid discovered just this


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past December has been under intense


00:09:36.480 --> 00:09:38.389
scrutiny from telescopes and space


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agencies worldwide as more data comes in


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about its precise orbital path


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astronomers have been able to refine


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their calculations leading to a steady


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increase in the estimated probability of


00:09:50.120 --> 00:09:52.470
impact the odds have climbed from an


00:09:52.480 --> 00:09:54.910
initial 1 in 183 chance to the current 1


00:09:54.920 --> 00:09:58.470
in32 risk measuring between 40 and 90 M


00:09:58.480 --> 00:10:01.509
wide this asteroid packs quite a punch


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should it impact Earth it could release


00:10:03.680 --> 00:10:07.150
energy equivalent to 7.7 megatons of TNT


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enough power to devastate a city however


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experts caution that the increasing odds


00:10:12.279 --> 00:10:14.350
don't necessarily mean a collision is


00:10:14.360 --> 00:10:17.269
more likely to occur time is becoming a


00:10:17.279 --> 00:10:18.990
critical factor in assessing the true


00:10:19.000 --> 00:10:21.430
risk the asteroid will pass behind the


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sun in April making it impossible for


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most earth-based telescopes to track it


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this creates a significant Gap in our


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ability to refine predictions until it


00:10:30.279 --> 00:10:33.110
becomes visible again in 2028 in the


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meantime astronomers are searching


00:10:35.079 --> 00:10:36.629
through historical data for any


00:10:36.639 --> 00:10:38.910
previously overlooked observations that


00:10:38.920 --> 00:10:41.509
might help better Define its trajectory


00:10:41.519 --> 00:10:44.150
the James web Space Telescope is


00:10:44.160 --> 00:10:46.590
expected to gather crucial information


00:10:46.600 --> 00:10:48.990
about the asteroid size and composition


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in the coming months this data will be


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vital in understanding whether it could


00:10:53.440 --> 00:10:55.910
survive Earth's atmosphere intact and


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what kind of impact it might cause the


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asteroids composition position whether


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it's primarily Rocky or rich in iron


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could make a significant difference in


00:11:04.279 --> 00:11:07.069
its potential impact effects while these


00:11:07.079 --> 00:11:09.069
odds are concerning it's important to


00:11:09.079 --> 00:11:10.430
note that we have several years to


00:11:10.440 --> 00:11:12.470
continue monitoring and analyzing this


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object and our predictions will become


00:11:14.480 --> 00:11:17.190
more refined As We Gather additional


00:11:17.200 --> 00:11:20.470
data finally today scientists have made


00:11:20.480 --> 00:11:22.350
an intriguing discovery that challenges


00:11:22.360 --> 00:11:23.990
our traditional understanding of where


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life might exist in the universe new


00:11:26.320 --> 00:11:27.670
research from the University of


00:11:27.680 --> 00:11:29.790
California Irvine suggests that planets


00:11:29.800 --> 00:11:32.110
orbiting white dwarf stars could


00:11:32.120 --> 00:11:34.389
potentially Harbor Life opening up


00:11:34.399 --> 00:11:36.350
exciting new possibilities in our search


00:11:36.360 --> 00:11:38.870
for extraterrestrial life while white


00:11:38.880 --> 00:11:40.790
dwarfs have typically been overlooked as


00:11:40.800 --> 00:11:43.190
potential hosts for habitable worlds due


00:11:43.200 --> 00:11:44.949
to their lack of active Fusion


00:11:44.959 --> 00:11:46.829
sophisticated climate models are now


00:11:46.839 --> 00:11:49.150
telling a different story these dying


00:11:49.160 --> 00:11:51.590
stars of which there are an estimated 10


00:11:51.600 --> 00:11:53.990
billion in our galaxy alone might


00:11:54.000 --> 00:11:55.790
actually provide more favorable


00:11:55.800 --> 00:11:57.990
conditions for life than previously


00:11:58.000 --> 00:12:00.870
thought the study used Advanced 3D


00:12:00.880 --> 00:12:03.310
Global Climate models to compare planets


00:12:03.320 --> 00:12:05.190
orbiting white dwarfs with those


00:12:05.200 --> 00:12:07.750
circling Stars similar to our sun


00:12:07.760 --> 00:12:09.710
surprisingly they found that planets


00:12:09.720 --> 00:12:11.350
around white dwarfs could be


00:12:11.360 --> 00:12:12.870
significantly warmer than their


00:12:12.880 --> 00:12:15.189
counterparts despite receiving similar


00:12:15.199 --> 00:12:18.069
energy levels from their host Stars one


00:12:18.079 --> 00:12:20.030
key factor is the unique orbital


00:12:20.040 --> 00:12:22.350
characteristics of these systems because


00:12:22.360 --> 00:12:24.509
a white dwarf's habitable zone is much


00:12:24.519 --> 00:12:26.710
closer to the star planets in this


00:12:26.720 --> 00:12:28.629
region complete their orbits much more


00:12:28.639 --> 00:12:31.430
quickly rotating once every 10 hours


00:12:31.440 --> 00:12:34.189
compared to the 155 day rotation period


00:12:34.199 --> 00:12:36.150
of planets around sunlike


00:12:36.160 --> 00:12:38.870
Stars this rapid rotation creates


00:12:38.880 --> 00:12:41.150
distinctive climate patterns that could


00:12:41.160 --> 00:12:44.230
actually benefit potential life even


00:12:44.240 --> 00:12:45.670
though these planets would likely be


00:12:45.680 --> 00:12:48.470
tidily locked with one side perpetually


00:12:48.480 --> 00:12:50.949
facing their star their Ultra fast


00:12:50.959 --> 00:12:52.870
rotation helps distribute heat more


00:12:52.880 --> 00:12:55.430
effectively around the planet this


00:12:55.440 --> 00:12:57.030
prevents the buildup of thick cloud


00:12:57.040 --> 00:12:59.189
cover on the day side allowing the


00:12:59.199 --> 00:13:01.509
planet to retain more heat and maintain


00:13:01.519 --> 00:13:03.710
more habitable conditions across its


00:13:03.720 --> 00:13:06.310
surface This research suggests we might


00:13:06.320 --> 00:13:08.150
need to broaden our search for Life


00:13:08.160 --> 00:13:10.629
Beyond traditional targets as we


00:13:10.639 --> 00:13:12.949
continue to enhance our observational


00:13:12.959 --> 00:13:14.990
capabilities particularly with tools


00:13:15.000 --> 00:13:17.590
like the James web Space Telescope these


00:13:17.600 --> 00:13:19.310
previously dismissed Stellar remnants


00:13:19.320 --> 00:13:21.069
could become promising New Frontiers in


00:13:21.079 --> 00:13:23.910
our quest to find life beyond


00:13:23.920 --> 00:13:26.829
Earth that wraps up another fascinating


00:13:26.839 --> 00:13:28.550
Journey Through The Cosmos with


00:13:28.560 --> 00:13:31.150
astronomy daily thank you for joining me


00:13:31.160 --> 00:13:33.269
today as we explored everything from


00:13:33.279 --> 00:13:35.710
spectacular black hole light shows to


00:13:35.720 --> 00:13:37.910
groundbreaking space Partnerships and


00:13:37.920 --> 00:13:40.269
the possibility of life around dying


00:13:40.279 --> 00:13:43.189
Stars I've been your host Anna taking


00:13:43.199 --> 00:13:45.189
you through these incredible discoveries


00:13:45.199 --> 00:13:47.069
that continue to reshape our


00:13:47.079 --> 00:13:48.310
understanding of the


00:13:48.320 --> 00:13:50.590
universe if you've enjoyed today's


00:13:50.600 --> 00:13:52.470
episode and want to stay up to dat with


00:13:52.480 --> 00:13:54.389
the latest developments in space and


00:13:54.399 --> 00:13:56.670
astronomy make sure to follow astronomy


00:13:56.680 --> 00:13:59.470
daily wherever you get your podcasts you


00:13:59.480 --> 00:14:01.189
can find us on all major platforms


00:14:01.199 --> 00:14:04.790
including Spotify Apple podcasts YouTube


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and iHeart Radio by subscribing you'll


00:14:07.680 --> 00:14:09.629
never miss an episode and you'll be the


00:14:09.639 --> 00:14:11.150
first to hear about breaking news from


00:14:11.160 --> 00:14:13.749
the frontiers of space exploration until


00:14:13.759 --> 00:14:15.350
next time keep looking up and wondering


00:14:15.360 --> 00:14:16.870
about the Mysteries that await us Among


00:14:16.880 --> 00:14:29.470
the Stars see you tomorrow


00:14:29.480 --> 00:14:32.040
the St is the


00:14:32.050 --> 00:14:38.610
[Music]