Astronauts in Limbo, Lunar Wonders, and the Discovery of New Moons: S04E62

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Kind: captions
Language: en

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hello space enthusiasts today's


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headlines are packed with some big


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developments in astronomy and space


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exploration we've got quite a lineup for


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you from Mission complications that


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affects the International Space Station


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to groundbreaking discoveries that are


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reshaping our understanding of the


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cosmos we'll dive into the latest about


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a crucial NASA SpaceX Mission delay


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that's affecting two astronauts who've


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been waiting months to return home then


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we'll explore an intriguing debate or


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would that be a developing spat


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over potential Interstellar artifacts


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and what they might tell us about our


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Cosmic neighborhood get ready for an


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enlightening discussion about tonight's


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lunar eclipse and its scientific


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significance plus an absolutely stunning


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announcement about Saturn our ring giant


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has just gotten a lot more crowded with


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the discovery of over a hundred new


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moons we'll also unravel the mystery


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behind a peculiar deep space radio


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signal and take a fascinating look at


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the powerful Jets emanating from super


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massive black holes there's a lot to


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cover so let's get started a critical


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NASA SpaceX Mission has hit an


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unexpected snag at Florida's Cape


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Canaveral space force station where a


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hydraulic ground issue forced


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controllers to postpone the much


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anticipated Falcon 9 launch this delay


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has particularly significant


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implications for two NASA astronauts


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Sunni Williams and Butch Wilmore who


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have been stationed aboard the


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International Space Station far longer


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than originally planned these veteran


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astronauts launched into space on June


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5th 2024 expecting an 8-day Mission


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however as we well know their stay has


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stretched to more than 9 months after


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their Boeing spacecraft was deemed


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unsafe for return travel the postponed


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SpaceX mission was meant to be their


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ticket home potentially allowing them to


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return to Earth as early as Sunday the


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specific issue involved one of the


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launchpads clamp arms with Engineers


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expressing concerns that it wouldn't


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open fully during launch while there's


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another potential launch window


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available tomorrow SpaceX hasn't yet


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confirmed whether the equipment will be


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ready in time despite their Extended


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Stay both Williams and Wilmore have


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maintained remarkable composure about


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their situation during a September news


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conference from the ISS they emphasized


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their training to expect the unexpected


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Williams age 58 even referred to the


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space station as her happy place though


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she admitted to missing her family and


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two dogs back on Earth Wilmore 61


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acknowledged their decision not to


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return on the Starliner spacecraft they


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arrived in noting they weren't


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comfortable with that option given the


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technical issues he highlighted that 90%


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of their training focused on preparing


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for unexpected situations and they're


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willing to remain in orbit for as long


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as necessary to ensure a safe return the


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extended Mission has given Williams


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additional perspective on our home


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planet as she poignantly noted being in


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space has opened her mind to thinking


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differently about Earth Earth


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emphasizing that it's the one planet we


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have and we should be taking care of


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it now an update to a story we brought


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you yesterday an intriguing scientific


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debate has erupted in the astronomical


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Community centered around Harvard


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physicist AI lob's bold claims about


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metallic spheral recovered from the


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seafloor near Papua New Guinea lob


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suggests these tiny fragments might not


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just be from space but potentially from


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an Interstellar source and more cont


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controversially could be evidence of an


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alien civilization from another star


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system as we reported yesterday The


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Story begins with a meteor that blazed


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across the South Pacific Ocean on


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January 8th 2014 tracked by the US


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Department of


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Defense last year L led a mission to


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recover fragments from this object but


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his findings have met with significant


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skepticism from the scientific Community


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a team led by John's Hopkins University


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researchers has particularly challenged


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the evidence suggesting that what was


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thought to be seismic data from the


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meteorites impact was actually caused by


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something far more mundane a truck


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passing by the seismic station on Manis


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Island however lob maintains that the


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expedition's location was determined


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primarily by NASA's Center for neear


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object studies calculations of the


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meteor's trajectory not the seismic data


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the controversy deepens when it comes to


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the composition of these recovered


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spheral while L's team argues that their


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chemical IAL analysis rules out


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earth-based contamination other


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physicists contend that the only


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definitive proof of interstellar origin


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would come from dating the material and


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finding it to be older than our son this


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debate highlights a fundamental tension


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in the search for extraterrestrial


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evidence the challenge of distinguishing


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truly exotic materials from more


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conventional explanations the scientific


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Community continues to scrutinize these


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findings emphasizing the importance of


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rigorous verification


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before making extraordinary claims about


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potential alien


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artifacts and here's another update and


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reminder get ready for a spectacular


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Celestial show coming up tonight March


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13th into the early morning hours of


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March 14th as we'll witness a total


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lunar eclipse during this event our moon


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will pass through Earth's Shadow


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transforming from its usual bright white


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glow to an eerie reddish Hue earning it


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the popular nickname blood moon but but


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this isn't just a pretty light show in


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the sky these eclipses have been


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teaching us about our world since


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ancient times in fact it was ancient


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Greek philosophers who first realized


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Earth must be round by observing the


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curved Shadow It cast on the moon during


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eclipses one of Humanity's earliest


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scientific breakthroughs from watching


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these events today lunar eclipses


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continue to be valuable scientific tools


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particularly for studying Earth's


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atmosphere that distinctive red color we


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see during totality happens because


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sunlight bends through our atmosphere


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before reaching the moon our atmosphere


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filters out blues and greens letting


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mostly red light through the same


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process that gives us those gorgeous


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sunset colors the moon's appearance


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during eclipses can actually tell us


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about what's happening in our atmosphere


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sometimes it appears bright red while


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other times it takes on a darker


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brownish gray color especially after


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major volcanic eruptions that have added


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particles to our


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atmosphere these events are also


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providing insights about the moon itself


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NASA's lunar reconnaissance Orbiter has


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made fascinating discoveries during


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previous eclipses revealing that the


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lunar surface doesn't cool uniformly


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when it enters Earth's Shadow these


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temperature variations tell us about


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differences in the moon surface


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properties that we might otherwise Miss


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what makes lunar eclipses particularly


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special is their


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accessibility unlike solar eclipses that


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are only visible along a narrow path


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lunar eclipses can be seen by everyone


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on the night side of Earth this upcoming


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Eclipse will be visible to more than a


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billion people and if you're watching


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keep your eyes peeled during a 2019


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Eclipse observers even caught glimpse of


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a meteor impact on the lunar


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surface in an extraordinary astronomical


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Discovery an international team of


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researchers has found 128 new moons


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orbiting Saturn dramatically expanding


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our understanding of the ringed planet


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satellite system this breakthrough


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confirmed by the minor planet center


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just days ago


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makes Saturn the Undisputed champion of


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moons in our solar system with a total


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of 274 known natural satellites the team


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made these discoveries using the Canada


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France Hawaii telescope conducting


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observations between 2019 and


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2021 they employed an Innovative


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technique of combining multiple images


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to reduce noise and strengthen the


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signals from these previously undetected


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moons initially they found 64 new moons


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but follow-up observations in 2023


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revealed even more


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what's particularly fascinating about


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these new moons is that they're all


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irregular moons following wide


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elliptical orbits that are often highly


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inclined unlike regular moons such as


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our own Moon which formed alongside


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their parent Planet these irregular


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moons were likely captured by Saturn's


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gravity even more intriguingly


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scientists believe these moons are


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actually fragments from violent


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collisions that occurred in Saturn's


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past the majority of these newly


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discovered moons are clustered near


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what's known as the mundari group


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suggesting this region was the sight of


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a significant Collision within the last


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100 million years this finding adds


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weight to the theory that Saturn's


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complex system of moons and Rings is


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constantly evolving through a series of


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cosmic crashes and gravitational


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interactions Dr Edward Ashton who led


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the research suggests that Jupiter which


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currently has 95 confirmed moons will


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likely never catch up to Saturn's


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impressive count this discovery not only


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cements Saturn's position as the planet


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with the most moons but also provides


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valuable insights into how planetary


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systems evolve and interact over


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millions of years for now these new


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moons are identified by number sequences


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but they'll eventually receive proper


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names following the tradition of naming


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Saturn's moons after Norse GAC and


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Canadian Inuit Gods with this discovery


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Saturn now hosts almost twice as many


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moons as all other planets in our solar


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system combined truly making it the king


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of moons in our Cosmic


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neighborhood in another fascinating


00:09:36.800 --> 00:09:38.389
breakthrough in space science


00:09:38.399 --> 00:09:40.069
astronomers have finally cracked the


00:09:40.079 --> 00:09:42.110
case of a mysterious repeating radio


00:09:42.120 --> 00:09:44.269
signal that has puzzled researchers


00:09:44.279 --> 00:09:47.470
since its Discovery last year the signal


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which pulses every two hours like


00:09:49.079 --> 00:09:51.110
clockwork has been traced back to an


00:09:51.120 --> 00:09:54.550
unusual binary star system located about


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1,600 light years away in the direction


00:09:57.279 --> 00:10:00.590
of the Big Dipper this Cosmic Duo


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consists of a white dwarf the dense


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remnant of a dead star and its companion


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a red dwarf star what makes this


00:10:08.240 --> 00:10:10.310
discovery particularly exciting is that


00:10:10.320 --> 00:10:12.470
it represents an entirely new source for


00:10:12.480 --> 00:10:14.990
these types of long period radio bursts


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which were previously only associated


00:10:16.760 --> 00:10:18.990
with neutron stars the signal first


00:10:19.000 --> 00:10:20.590
appeared in data collected by the low


00:10:20.600 --> 00:10:23.710
frequency array or low far back in


00:10:23.720 --> 00:10:26.269
2015 after its initial detection


00:10:26.279 --> 00:10:28.150
researchers found six more Pulses from


00:10:28.160 --> 00:10:30.630
the same source these radio flashes can


00:10:30.640 --> 00:10:32.550
last anywhere from several seconds to a


00:10:32.560 --> 00:10:34.630
few minutes but they maintain that


00:10:34.640 --> 00:10:37.350
precise 2hour regularity that caught


00:10:37.360 --> 00:10:39.430
astronomer's attention the team's


00:10:39.440 --> 00:10:41.430
detailed follow-up observations using


00:10:41.440 --> 00:10:43.949
the multiple mirror telescope in Arizona


00:10:43.959 --> 00:10:46.069
and the McDonald observatory in Texas


00:10:46.079 --> 00:10:47.949
revealed that these two stars are locked


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in an incredibly tight orbital dance


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circling each other every


00:10:52.440 --> 00:10:55.509
125.5 minutes the interaction between


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their magnetic fields appears to be the


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source of these radio pulses as they


00:10:59.639 --> 00:11:02.550
slam together during their Cosmic Walts


00:11:02.560 --> 00:11:04.269
what's particularly intriguing about


00:11:04.279 --> 00:11:06.069
this system is that while it shares some


00:11:06.079 --> 00:11:08.389
similarities with fast radio bursts or


00:11:08.399 --> 00:11:10.670
FBS these pulses are distinctly


00:11:10.680 --> 00:11:13.030
different they have lower energy levels


00:11:13.040 --> 00:11:15.629
and last much longer than typical FBS


00:11:15.639 --> 00:11:17.110
which usually flash for just


00:11:17.120 --> 00:11:19.509
milliseconds this discovery opens up new


00:11:19.519 --> 00:11:20.990
possibilities for understanding the


00:11:21.000 --> 00:11:23.069
variety of radio signals we detect from


00:11:23.079 --> 00:11:25.550
space and suggests there might be many


00:11:25.560 --> 00:11:28.470
more such systems waiting to be found


00:11:28.480 --> 00:11:30.150
this breakthrough not only solves a


00:11:30.160 --> 00:11:32.389
compelling Cosmic mystery but also


00:11:32.399 --> 00:11:34.509
provides astronomers with a new category


00:11:34.519 --> 00:11:37.110
of objects to study as they work to


00:11:37.120 --> 00:11:38.870
understand the complex interactions


00:11:38.880 --> 00:11:41.910
between stars in binary systems the team


00:11:41.920 --> 00:11:43.550
is now planning to study the system's


00:11:43.560 --> 00:11:45.990
high energy ultraviolet emissions which


00:11:46.000 --> 00:11:47.790
could reveal even more details about


00:11:47.800 --> 00:11:50.069
this fascinating Stellar


00:11:50.079 --> 00:11:52.590
partnership next let's dive into some


00:11:52.600 --> 00:11:54.230
groundbreaking research about super


00:11:54.240 --> 00:11:56.590
massive black holes and their incredible


00:11:56.600 --> 00:11:59.230
Cosmic fountains nearly every large


00:11:59.240 --> 00:12:01.110
large Galaxy in our universe Harbors one


00:12:01.120 --> 00:12:03.470
of these Cosmic Giants at its Center


00:12:03.480 --> 00:12:05.269
including our own Milky Way with its


00:12:05.279 --> 00:12:08.389
black hole Sagittarius A star these


00:12:08.399 --> 00:12:10.030
objects are the densest known in the


00:12:10.040 --> 00:12:12.550
universe with masses that can reach


00:12:12.560 --> 00:12:15.790
billions of times that of our sun what's


00:12:15.800 --> 00:12:17.670
particularly fascinating is what happens


00:12:17.680 --> 00:12:21.030
when these sleeping Giants wake up when


00:12:21.040 --> 00:12:23.269
a neighboring Galaxy supplies fresh gas


00:12:23.279 --> 00:12:26.030
and dust these black holes spring into


00:12:26.040 --> 00:12:28.509
action but it's far from a peaceful


00:12:28.519 --> 00:12:30.150
process


00:12:30.160 --> 00:12:32.670
as they consume this Cosmic material it


00:12:32.680 --> 00:12:34.389
becomes superheated to temperatures


00:12:34.399 --> 00:12:35.910
millions of degrees hotter than our


00:12:35.920 --> 00:12:38.430
sun's surface this superheated matter


00:12:38.440 --> 00:12:40.750
doesn't just disappear quietly it gets


00:12:40.760 --> 00:12:42.509
ejected from the Galaxy at speeds


00:12:42.519 --> 00:12:44.550
approaching that of light creating


00:12:44.560 --> 00:12:47.030
spectacular jets that resemble enormous


00:12:47.040 --> 00:12:49.910
Cosmic fountains these high-speed plasma


00:12:49.920 --> 00:12:52.389
Jets produce radio signals that we can


00:12:52.399 --> 00:12:55.030
detect with powerful telescopes earning


00:12:55.040 --> 00:12:57.550
their host galaxies the name radio


00:12:57.560 --> 00:12:59.990
galaxies but here's the thing


00:13:00.000 --> 00:13:01.910
while black holes are common radio


00:13:01.920 --> 00:13:04.310
galaxies are relatively rare making up


00:13:04.320 --> 00:13:07.870
only about 10 to 20% of all galaxies


00:13:07.880 --> 00:13:09.710
even more exceptional are the giant


00:13:09.720 --> 00:13:12.829
radio galaxies which represent just 5%


00:13:12.839 --> 00:13:15.629
of all radio galaxies these Cosmic


00:13:15.639 --> 00:13:17.550
behemoths can produce Jets stretching an


00:13:17.560 --> 00:13:19.990
astounding 16 million light years that's


00:13:20.000 --> 00:13:21.629
nearly six times the distance between


00:13:21.639 --> 00:13:23.829
our galaxy and Andromeda the largest


00:13:23.839 --> 00:13:26.110
known jet spans an incredible 22 million


00:13:26.120 --> 00:13:28.509
light years Recent research using


00:13:28.519 --> 00:13:30.350
sophisticated computer simulations has


00:13:30.360 --> 00:13:32.030
helped us understand how these massive


00:13:32.040 --> 00:13:34.470
structures form and evolve by creating


00:13:34.480 --> 00:13:36.069
models that follow the fundamental laws


00:13:36.079 --> 00:13:38.509
of physics scientists can now track how


00:13:38.519 --> 00:13:40.189
these Jets develop over hundreds of


00:13:40.199 --> 00:13:42.189
millions of years something we could


00:13:42.199 --> 00:13:44.870
never observe directly in real time


00:13:44.880 --> 00:13:46.590
these simulations suggest that these


00:13:46.600 --> 00:13:48.710
Cosmic fountains play a crucial role in


00:13:48.720 --> 00:13:50.949
maintaining the balance of our universe


00:13:50.959 --> 00:13:52.509
preventing Galaxy clusters from


00:13:52.519 --> 00:13:54.350
collapsing under their own Gravity by


00:13:54.360 --> 00:13:56.910
heating the surrounding gas the most


00:13:56.920 --> 00:13:59.550
exciting part scientists believe there


00:13:59.560 --> 00:14:01.430
could be thousands more giant radio


00:14:01.440 --> 00:14:04.230
galaxies yet to be discovered thanks to


00:14:04.240 --> 00:14:07.069
powerful telescopes like mircat and loar


00:14:07.079 --> 00:14:09.030
combined with Advanced supercomputing


00:14:09.040 --> 00:14:11.430
capabilities we're continuing to uncover


00:14:11.440 --> 00:14:13.430
new secrets about these fascinating


00:14:13.440 --> 00:14:15.269
Cosmic


00:14:15.279 --> 00:14:17.269
phenomena and that brings us to the end


00:14:17.279 --> 00:14:19.389
of today's fascinating journey through


00:14:19.399 --> 00:14:22.189
space I'm Anna and thank you for joining


00:14:22.199 --> 00:14:24.670
me on astronomy daily from so-called


00:14:24.680 --> 00:14:26.470
stranded astronauts awaiting their


00:14:26.480 --> 00:14:29.069
return from the ISS to Saturn's


00:14:29.079 --> 00:14:31.110
incredible new family of moons and the


00:14:31.120 --> 00:14:33.189
Mysterious binary system creating those


00:14:33.199 --> 00:14:35.430
puzzling radio signals we've covered


00:14:35.440 --> 00:14:37.990
quite a bit of cosmic ground today if


00:14:38.000 --> 00:14:39.629
you'd like to dive deeper into any of


00:14:39.639 --> 00:14:41.310
these stories or stay up to dat with the


00:14:41.320 --> 00:14:42.949
latest developments in space and


00:14:42.959 --> 00:14:45.949
astronomy visit us at astronomy


00:14:45.959 --> 00:14:48.150
daily. there you can sign up for our


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00:14:54.880 --> 00:14:57.350
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00:14:57.360 --> 00:14:58.790
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00:14:58.800 --> 00:15:01.189
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00:15:10.320 --> 00:15:12.310
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00:15:12.320 --> 00:15:14.509
extend a special thank you to all our


00:15:14.519 --> 00:15:16.509
early followers who've joined us on this


00:15:16.519 --> 00:15:18.790
Cosmic Journey your support means the


00:15:18.800 --> 00:15:21.990
world to us until next time keep looking


00:15:22.000 --> 00:15:23.670
up and wondering about the mysteries of


00:15:23.680 --> 00:15:26.670
our universe this is Anna signing off


00:15:26.680 --> 00:15:30.949
from astronomy daily


00:15:30.959 --> 00:15:33.520
stories told


00:15:33.530 --> 00:15:48.929
[Music]