Thurgood Marshall

0:03 Caalarugushark media. Hi, I'm Mark Ellison and today's theme is Thirgod Marshall's Birthday. Civil rights heroes, the Supreme Court and landmark legal battles. Question one, on what date is Thirgood Marshall's birthday, a day that also became the signing date of the Civil Rights Act of nineteen sixty four? Question two years before Brown v. Board, which nineteen thirty six Maryland Court of Appeals case brought by the NAACP legal team that included a young Thurgood Marshal forced the University of Maryland School of Law to admit Donald Gaines Murray.

0:47 Question three, which nineteen forty four US Supreme Court decision argued by Thurgood Marshal for the NAACP struck down Texas's white's only democratic primary as a violation of the Fifteenth Amendment. Question four, as NUBACP lead Councilgod Marshal and his team relied on social science evidence to help secure a unanimous ruling in which nineteen fifty four case declaring racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. Question five, which pioneering n DOUBLEACP Legal Defense Fund attorney a close colleague of Thurgood Marshal, who argued and won most of her Supreme Court cases, became the first black woman appointed to the federal judiciary in nineteen sixty six. We'll be right back with these answers after this break. Welcome back. Question one, What is good Marshall's birthday? Answer? July second, nineteen eight. Marshall was born in Baltimore on July second, nineteen eight. Remarkably, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act on July second, nineteen sixty four, a milestone Marshall helped pave through decades of civil rights litigation. Question two, which nineteen thirty six case desegregated UM law by admitting Donald Gaines Murray answer

2:18 Murray v. Pearson. The ruling held that Maryland could not deny a qualified black applicant admission when no truly equal alternative existed. This graduate school victory helped lay the groundwork for later challenges to separate but equal. Question three, which nineteen forty four case ended Texas's white primary answer Smith v. Alright. The court held that primary elections are an integral part of the electoral process, making party exclusion state actions subject to constitutional limits. The decision was pivotal in restoring black voting rights in the South. Question four, which nineteen fifty four case ended public school segregation, Answer Brown V's Board of Education. In Brown, the court held that separate educationational facilities are inherently unequal, overturning Plessey's doctrine in public education.

3:05 The opinion referenced studies, including the Clark's Doll tests to demonstrate segregation's harms. Question five. Who became the first black woman federal judge in nineteen sixty six? Answer Constance Baker Motley, Appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to the U. S District Court for the Southern District of New York. Motley helped draft Brown's briefs and led desegregation suits nationwide. She argued ten Supreme Court cases, winning nine. That concludes today's five daily trivia questions. I'm Mark Ellison, and today's questions were crafted with the help of AI technology. See you tomorrow.