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Caalaroga Shark Media. Good morning, I'm Reed Carter. Saturday, January
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twenty fourth, twenty twenty six. On Monday, Australians celebrate Australia Day.
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So this weekend and next we're crossing the Pacific to
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examine two cases that defined modern Australia, two cases that
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changed laws, sparked national debates, and left permanent scars on
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the Australian psyche. This weekend, Azaria Chamberlain, a nine week
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old baby who vanished from a tent at Oolaru in
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nineteen eighty. Her mother said a dingo took her. Australia
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didn't believe it sent the mother to prison for murder
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based on forensic evidence that turned out to be completely
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catastrophically wrong. Next weekend, Port Arthur, April nineteen ninety six,
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a gunman killed thirty five people at a historic site
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in Tasmania. Twelve days later, Australia had new gun laws.
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They still work. It's the massac her America refuses to
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learn from. But today we start with a mother's scream
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in the Australian Outback. August seventeenth, nineteen eighty Ooluru, then
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known as Ayr's Rock. The most sacred sight in the
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Australian interior, a massive sandstone monolith rising from the desert floor,
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colors shifting from gold to red as the sun moves
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across the sky. The Chamberlain family had been camping there
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for two days. Michael Chamberlain, a Seventh Day Adventist pastor,
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his wife Lyndy, thirty two years old born in New Zealand,
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their sons Aiden six and Reagan four, and their baby daughter, Azaria,
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nine weeks old. That evening, around eight o'clock, Lindy went
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to check on the baby in their tent. What she
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saw would haunt her for the rest of her life.
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A dingo, Australia's wild dog, leaving the tent something in
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its mouth. Lindy screamed six words that would become the
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most misquoted phrase in Australia history. My God, My God,
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the dingoes got my baby. What followed was the largest
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search in Northern Territory history, hundreds of people, Aboriginal trackers,
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police volunteers, searching through the night through the following days.
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They never found Azaria's body. What they found instead was
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a blood stained jumpsuit, a singlet, and eventually, years later,
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a tiny matinee jacket that would prove Lyndy Chamberlain had
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been telling the truth all along. But by then she'd
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already spent more than three years in prison for a
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murder she didn't commit. I'm read Carter. This is celebrity
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trials today, Part one. The Dingo attack that nobody believed,
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the forensic evidence that was completely fabricated, and the trial
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that sent an innocent mother to prison. This is the
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Azaria Chamberlain case. To under stand what happened to Lyndy Chamberlain,
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you need to understand who she was and why Australia
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turned against her. Alice Lynn Murchison was born March fourth,
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nineteen forty eight in Wakataine, New Zealand. Moved to Australia
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as a child. Met Michael Chamberlain when they were both young.
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Married in nineteen seventy became deeply involved in the Seventh
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Day Adventist Church. Now for American listeners, Seventh Day Adventists
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are a Protestant denomination. They observe Saturday as the Sabbath.
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They emphasize health, often following vegetarian diets. They believe in
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the imminent return of Christ in the United states there
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are over a million members. It's mainstream. In Australia. In
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nineteen eighty, not so much. Seventh Day Adventists were viewed
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with suspicion, considered a bit odd different. Some Australians lumped
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them in with cults, didn't understand their practices, found them strange.
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This will matter later, trust me. Michael Chamberlain was pastor
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of the Seventh Day Adventist Church in Mount Isa, a
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mining town in northern Queensland. He and Lindy had three children,
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Aiden born nineteen seventy four, Reagan born nineteen seventy six,
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and Azaria born June eleventh, nineteen eighty in Mount Isa.
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Azaria the name would later be twisted by the media.
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Rumors spread that it meant sacrifice in the wilderness, that
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the Chamberlains had named their baby for some sinister religious purpose.
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The truth Azarea is Hebrew. It means blessed by God,
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nothing more, nothing sinister. August nineteen eighty, the family decided
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to take a camping trip drive from Mount Isa across
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the Northern Territory to Ooluru, see the famous rock camp
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under the stars, a family holiday. They arrived at the
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Ayrs Rock campground on August sixteenth, nineteen eighty, set up
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their tent. The next morning, Mike took the boys to
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climb part of the rock. Lindy, carrying baby Azaria, explored
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a formation called Fertility Cave. Just outside the cave, something
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caught her eye, a dingo staring at her. Watching, Lindy
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felt uneasy. But dingoes were everywhere at Ooluru, part of
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the landscape. Tourists saw them all the time. What tourists
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didn't know. What Lindy didn't know, was that Oolaru's head ranger,
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Derek Roff, had been writing to the government for two
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years warning them the dingoes were becoming aggressive, approaching humans,
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sometimes biting people. He'd been urging a cull, predicting that
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someone would get seriously hurt. Nobody listened. That evening, August seventeenth,
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the Chamberlains joined other campers at the communal barbecue area.
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Families cooking dinner together, children playing, adults chatting, the kind
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of scene you'd find at any campground anywhere in the world. Lindy,
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he had put Reagan and Azaria to bed in the
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family tent, came back to the barbecue, sat with Michael
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and the other families. Around eight o'clock, they heard Azaria cry.
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Lindy went to check on her, and then came the scream.
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Let me paint you the picture. It's around eight pm
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August in the Southern Hemisphere is winter cold in the
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desert at night dark. The Chamberlain tent is maybe fifty
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meters from the barbecue area. Lindy walks toward it. As
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she approaches, she sees something in the darkness. Movement near
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the tent entrance, a shape, four legs, something in its mouth,
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a dingo running off into the night. Lindy runs to
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the tent, looks inside the basinette where Azaria had been sleeping,
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is empty, blankets, disturbed. Baby gone, My god, my god,
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the dingoes got my baby. Everyone at the campground heard her.
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The other families, the campers, they dropped everything, grabbed flashlights,
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started searching. Michael Chamberlain ran into the darkness, calling for
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his daughter. Other men joined him. They searched the scrub
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land around the camp site, looking for any sign, any trail,
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any hope. Aboriginal tracker Nui Mignontiri was brought in, one
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of the best trackers in the region. He found dingo
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tracks leading away from the tent, found dragmarks consistent with
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something being carried, but the trail went cold on rocky ground.
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Police organized a massive search, hundreds of people combing the
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area around Oolaroo, searching caves, searching dingo dens, searching everywhere
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a wild dog might take its prey. They found nothing.
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Witnessed Sally Low, another camper, told police she had seen
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a dingo near the Chamberlain tent that evening, described it
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lurking around the barbecue area, said she had seen it
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earlier acting strangely aggressive. Witness Judith West, camped about thirty
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meters away, testified she heard a dog's low, throaty growl
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coming from the direction of the Chamberlain tent, the kind
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of sound she said that her husband's dogs made when
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he was slaughtering sheep. Other campers supported the Chamberlain's story.
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Everyone who was there that night believed them believed a
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dingo had taken the baby, believed Lindy was telling the truth.
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One week later, August twenty fourth, a tourist named Wallace
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Goodwin was hiking near the base of Oolaroo, about four
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kilometers from the campsite. He found something in the rocks
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a baby's jumpsuit, black with white trim, blood stained around
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the neck, a singlet inside Azaria's clothes. No body, just
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the clothes. The jumpsuit had been photographed at the scene.
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The blood stains were concentrated around the collar, consistent with
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a predator grabbing the baby by the neck. Canine hares
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were found on the fabric. But here's the critical detail
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that would matter. Years later, Lindy Chamberlain insisted that Azaria
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had been wearing a matinee jacket over the jumpsuit, a
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little knitted cardigan, white or cream colored. She had dressed
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her daughter in it because it was cold. The matinee
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jacket was not found with the jumpsuit. Police noted this,
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questioned Lindy about it. She was adamant Azaria was wearing
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the jacket. It must still be out there somewhere. Some
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investigators believed her, others didn't. If there was a jacket,
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where was it. Why would a dingo remove a jacket
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but leave the jumpsuit. The absence of that jacket would
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become central to the case. Police began to doubt Lindy's story.
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If she was lying about the jacket, what else was
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she lying about? Make it make sense. A mother's daughter
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is taken by a wild animal, she remembers exactly what
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her baby was wearing, and because that item of clothing
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isn't found, people assume she's a liar, assume she's covering
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something up. The jacket existed, it would be found six
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years later, exactly where a dingo would have dropped it,
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but by then Lyndy Chamberlain would already be in prison.
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December fifteenth, nineteen eighty Alice springs the coronial inquest into
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the death of Azaria Chamberlain begins. Coroner Dennis Barrett presides
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his job determine how Azaria died, whether anyone was responsible,
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whether charges should be filed. For two months, Barrett heard evidence,
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witness testimony from the campers who were there that night,
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expert testimony about dingo behavior, forensic analysis of the clothing,
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police reports. February twentieth, nineteen eighty one, Barrett delivered his findings.
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He ruled that Azaria Chamberlain had been killed by a dingo,
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that the wild dog had entered the tent, seized the baby,
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and carried her off into the night, that Lyndy and
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Michael Chamberlain were not responsible in any way for their
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daughter's death. In an unprecedented move, Barrett allowed his concluding
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remarks to be televised live, the first time an Australian
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inquest had been broadcast to the nation, and what he
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said should have ended the matter. You have not only
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suffered the loss of your beloved child in the most
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tragic circumstances, but you have all been subjected to months
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of innuendos, suspicion and probably the most malicious gossip ever
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issued in this country. He criticized the police investigation, called
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out the rumor mill, defended the Chamberlain's publicly. The family
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should have been able to grieve in peace, should have
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been able to move on, should have been able to
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remember their daughter without the world questioning whether they killed her.
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But some people weren't satisfied with Barrett's findings. Forensic odontologist
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Kenneth Brown had given evidence at the inquest about the
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damage to Azaria's jumpsuit. He believe believe it was consistent
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with dingo teeth, but some of his conclusions had been questioned.
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His professional reputation, he felt, had been challenged. Brown sent
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Azaria's clothing to Professor James Cameron at the London Hospital
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Medical College, a British forensic pathologist, an expert witness who
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had testified in major cases around the world. Cameron examined
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the jumpsuit and he saw things that nobody else had seen.
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He claimed the damage around the neck wasn't from dingo teeth,
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it was from a blade a cut throat. He said
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he could see in ultraviolet photographs of the fabric the
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imprint of a small adult hand, as if someone had
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gripped the baby while cutting her throat. Cameron's analysis was explosive.
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It suggested murder, not dingo attack. It suggested Lyndy Chamberlain
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had killed her own daughter. The Northern Territory Supreme Court
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agreed to quash the findings of Barrett's inquest. A second
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inquest was ordered. Here's what you need to understand about
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James Cameron. He was a highly credentialed expert testified in
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courts around the world. His word carried enormous weight. He
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was also wrong, catastrophically wrong. His evidence in the Chamberlain
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case would later be thoroughly debunked, and this wasn't the
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first time Cameron had given crucial evidence in another case.
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In England that was later overturned when his expert testimony
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was proved incorrect. But in nineteen eighty one nobody knew
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that yet. All they knew was that a famous British
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forensic expert said Lindy Chamberlain cut her baby's throat the
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tide began to turn. This is where the Chamberlain case
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becomes a masterclass in junk science, in expert testimony that
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sounds convincing but is completely provably wrong, in a justice
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system that put faith in forensics over facts. December nineteen
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eighty one, the second coronial Inquest opens in Darwin. New
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forensic evidence is presented, evidence that will convict Lindy Chamberlain
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of murder. Let me walk you through what the prosecution
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claimed and then let me show you what was actually true. First,
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the blood in the car. The Chamberlains drove a nineteen
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seventy seven hold in Toronto hatchback. After Azaria's disappearance, police
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examined the vehicle. A forensic biologist named Joy Cool tested
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various stains found inside. She used a test for blood
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found positive reactions in multiple locations under the dashboard, on
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the floor, carpets, on the seats on the zipper of
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Michael's camera bag. Then she performed a test she claimed
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could detect fetal hemoglobin. That's a type of hemoglobin found
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in babies under six months old. Azaria was nine weeks.
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If fetal hemoglobin was in that car, it could only
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have come from her. Cool testified that she found fetal
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hemoglobin under the dashboard, a spray pattern consistent, she said,
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with arterial blood spray, as if a baby's throat had
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been cut and blood had sprayed across the underside of
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the dash This was the smoking gun. The prosecution argued
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that Lindy had murdered Azaria in the front seat of
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the car, hidden her body in the camera bag, and
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later disposed of it somewhere in the outback. The blood
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evidence proved it, except it didn't because it wasn't blood.
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Years later, during the Royal commission that would exonerate the
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Chamberlain's scientists examined that spray pattern under the dashboard. They
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identified it conclusively. It was a sound deadening compound, a
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bituminous spray applied during the manufacture of the car. Standard
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automotive material found in twenty three percent of Holden Tarantas
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from that era, not blood car coating. The test joy
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cool used for fetal hemoglobin. It wasn't specific to blood
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at all. It could react with numerous substances, and it
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did react with the sound deadening compound, giving a false
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positive that sent an innocent woman to prison. But wait,
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there's more. The ortho tolidine test cool used to detect
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blood throughout the car. That test reacts with copper. The
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Chamberlains lived in Mount Isa, a mining town in central Queensland.
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Their car was covered in dust from the copper rich soil,
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dust that had accumulated over years of driving through mining country.
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Every blood stain in that car was either sound deadener