WEBVTT
1
00:00:03.200 --> 00:00:14.800
Calarugu shark media.
2
00:00:16.960 --> 00:00:20.519
Now, if you've been listening to these tales, you might
3
00:00:20.559 --> 00:00:23.839
be wondering what happened after Tommy fixed that first flood.
4
00:00:25.519 --> 00:00:29.879
Did the administration learn their lesson? Did they start consulting
5
00:00:29.879 --> 00:00:33.000
with folks who actually knew something about living in a swamp?
6
00:00:34.039 --> 00:00:36.679
Did they maybe take a step back and reconsider their
7
00:00:36.719 --> 00:00:39.200
approach to running a detention facility in the middle of
8
00:00:39.200 --> 00:00:44.759
the Everglades. Well, if you're wondering that, then you ain't
9
00:00:44.880 --> 00:00:49.560
never worked for the government. See, there's something about bureaucrats
10
00:00:49.600 --> 00:00:53.840
that's a lot like alligators. They got tiny brains and
11
00:00:53.880 --> 00:00:59.679
they don't learn from experience. The difference is alligators been
12
00:00:59.679 --> 00:01:03.079
prefer afecting their approach for about two hundred million years,
13
00:01:03.880 --> 00:01:08.680
so they got an excuse. Bureaucrats just got stubbornness and
14
00:01:08.760 --> 00:01:12.000
a powerful belief that if something don't work the first time,
15
00:01:12.519 --> 00:01:15.760
you just need to do it harder. And so when
16
00:01:15.760 --> 00:01:20.239
Warden Buckley Fitzpatrick got his next call from Washington asking
17
00:01:20.280 --> 00:01:23.640
how things were going at his innovative new facility, and
18
00:01:23.799 --> 00:01:27.200
he didn't mention the flooding, or the alligators, or the
19
00:01:27.200 --> 00:01:32.680
fact that his security system was being operated by raccoons. Instead,
20
00:01:33.000 --> 00:01:39.719
he talked about adaptive problem solving protocols and integrated crisis management,
21
00:01:40.719 --> 00:01:43.959
which is government speak for one of the prisoners fixed
22
00:01:44.000 --> 00:01:49.920
our plumbing. But Washington was impressed, so impressed, in fact,
23
00:01:50.400 --> 00:01:54.879
that they decided Alligator Alcatraz needed more structure, more oversight,
24
00:01:55.319 --> 00:02:00.640
more committees. And that's where our story really got. It's interesting.
25
00:02:02.920 --> 00:02:11.280
This is episode two the Committee. About two weeks after
26
00:02:11.360 --> 00:02:15.759
Tommy solved the Great Flood of July, a memo came
27
00:02:15.800 --> 00:02:19.080
down from the Warden's office announcing the formation of the
28
00:02:19.120 --> 00:02:24.319
Facility Optimization Committee. This committee was going to be responsible
29
00:02:24.360 --> 00:02:31.280
for maximizing operational efficiency through systematic process improvement and strategic
30
00:02:31.400 --> 00:02:36.120
resource allocation, which is a fifty dollars way of saying
31
00:02:36.159 --> 00:02:39.360
they were going to hold meetings about why nothing worked right.
32
00:02:40.960 --> 00:02:43.759
The committee was going to be chaired by Deputy Warden
33
00:02:43.879 --> 00:02:47.800
chet mackenzie, who was still riding high on his success
34
00:02:47.919 --> 00:02:52.280
with the adaptive intake protocols, which is what he was
35
00:02:52.280 --> 00:02:55.240
calling the day we all got processed in ankle deep
36
00:02:55.280 --> 00:02:59.919
water while an alligator watched. Also on the committee was
37
00:03:00.080 --> 00:03:04.439
Assistant Warden Delilah May Crenshaw, who'd arrived the week before
38
00:03:04.479 --> 00:03:07.520
with a briefcase full of improvement plans and a head
39
00:03:07.520 --> 00:03:11.360
full of business school theories. And the newest member was
40
00:03:11.400 --> 00:03:16.240
someone called an efficiency expert, a young man named Brad
41
00:03:16.319 --> 00:03:20.199
Thornton who driven down from Tallahassee with a laptop full
42
00:03:20.199 --> 00:03:24.039
of spreadsheets and a sincere belief that any problem could
43
00:03:24.039 --> 00:03:29.599
be solved with a right PowerPoint presentation. Now, Brad Thornton
44
00:03:29.719 --> 00:03:34.120
was what you might call a professional problem solver, which
45
00:03:34.120 --> 00:03:37.479
means he'd never actually solved any problems, but he had
46
00:03:37.479 --> 00:03:41.159
a degree that said he could. He was about twenty
47
00:03:41.199 --> 00:03:44.680
eight years old, wore suits that cost more than most
48
00:03:44.680 --> 00:03:47.800
folks make in a month, and had the kind of
49
00:03:47.840 --> 00:03:51.719
confidence that only comes from never being wrong about anything
50
00:03:52.360 --> 00:03:56.240
because you never actually done anything. He'd been hired by
51
00:03:56.280 --> 00:04:00.759
the state to optimize detention facility operations across US Florida,
52
00:04:01.960 --> 00:04:05.199
and Alligator Alcatraz was going to be his first success story.
53
00:04:06.840 --> 00:04:09.240
He was planning to write a paper about it, maybe
54
00:04:09.280 --> 00:04:12.520
get himself promoted to a bigger job in Atlanta or Washington.
55
00:04:13.159 --> 00:04:17.079
The problem was, Brad Thornton had never seen a swamp,
56
00:04:17.279 --> 00:04:20.399
never worked with his hands, and never met a practical
57
00:04:20.439 --> 00:04:22.839
problem that couldn't be solved with a flow chart and
58
00:04:22.879 --> 00:04:29.079
a mission statement. But he had enthusiasm. Lord, did he
59
00:04:29.160 --> 00:04:41.120
have enthusiasm. The first meeting of the Facility Optimization Committee
60
00:04:41.600 --> 00:04:44.199
was held in the conference room of the Administrative Building
61
00:04:44.399 --> 00:04:47.360
on a Tuesday morning that was already hot enough to
62
00:04:47.399 --> 00:04:50.680
fry eggs on the sidewalk if there had been a sidewalk,
63
00:04:51.000 --> 00:04:54.519
which there Wasn't I know about this meeting because Tommy
64
00:04:54.639 --> 00:04:59.160
was there, not as a member, you understand, but as
65
00:04:59.199 --> 00:05:03.519
what they called a resource consultant, which meant they wanted
66
00:05:03.600 --> 00:05:06.759
him to explain how he'd fix their drainage problem so
67
00:05:06.800 --> 00:05:09.120
they could put it in their report and take credit
68
00:05:09.160 --> 00:05:13.480
for it. Tommy didn't mind. He'd already figured out that
69
00:05:13.560 --> 00:05:15.959
these folks were going to do whatever they were going
70
00:05:16.000 --> 00:05:19.720
to do, regardless of what made sense, and his job
71
00:05:19.839 --> 00:05:24.040
was to work around them, not through them. So when
72
00:05:24.040 --> 00:05:27.040
they asked him to attend their committee meeting, he showed
73
00:05:27.120 --> 00:05:30.360
up in his cleanest work clothes and sat politely in
74
00:05:30.399 --> 00:05:36.839
the back while they conducted their strategic planning session. According
75
00:05:36.839 --> 00:05:39.959
to Tommy, and he told me all this later that evening,
76
00:05:40.000 --> 00:05:41.920
while we were sitting on the porch of our housing
77
00:05:42.000 --> 00:05:46.079
unit watching the Alligator's cruise by in the canal. The
78
00:05:46.160 --> 00:05:51.279
meeting started with Brad Thornton giving a presentation about systematic
79
00:05:51.360 --> 00:05:56.920
operational enhancement through integrated process management. For forty five minutes,
80
00:05:58.000 --> 00:06:01.319
this boy, with his fancy degree and his expensive suit
81
00:06:01.720 --> 00:06:04.279
explained to a room full of people how they were
82
00:06:04.319 --> 00:06:09.279
going to improve the facility by implementing best practices and
83
00:06:09.800 --> 00:06:16.439
standardized procedures and efficiency metrics. He had charts showing how
84
00:06:16.480 --> 00:06:20.319
detention centers were supposed to work, graphs proving that their
85
00:06:20.319 --> 00:06:24.839
current methods were suboptimal, and a detailed timeline for achieving
86
00:06:25.000 --> 00:06:33.759
peak operational effectiveness. It was real impressive, Tommy said, professional scientific,
87
00:06:34.160 --> 00:06:39.519
complete nonsense, but presented real well. The centerpiece of Brad's
88
00:06:39.560 --> 00:06:45.360
plan was something he called Operation dry Ground, a comprehensive
89
00:06:45.439 --> 00:06:49.639
drainage and land reclamation project that would transform the facility
90
00:06:49.680 --> 00:06:55.519
from a challenging aquatic environment into a properly terrestrial detention complex.
91
00:06:56.600 --> 00:07:00.399
What this meant in regular English was that they were
92
00:07:00.399 --> 00:07:09.360
going to drain the swamp. Now. When Brad Thornton announced
93
00:07:09.360 --> 00:07:13.639
his plan to drain the everglades around Alligator Alcatraz, the
94
00:07:13.720 --> 00:07:17.199
response in that conference room was everything you'd expect from
95
00:07:17.279 --> 00:07:21.160
folks who'd spent their careers in government work. Chet mackenzie
96
00:07:21.160 --> 00:07:25.680
immediately started talking about how this aligned with his strategic
97
00:07:25.839 --> 00:07:31.720
vision for adaptive facility management. Assistant Warden Crenshaw mentioned something
98
00:07:31.720 --> 00:07:38.759
about environmental optimization and sustainable detention practices, and Warden Fitzpatrick
99
00:07:38.839 --> 00:07:41.879
started calculating how good this was going to look in
100
00:07:41.920 --> 00:07:45.000
his next report to Washington. The only person in that
101
00:07:45.160 --> 00:07:48.800
room who understood what they were actually talking about was Tommy,
102
00:07:50.040 --> 00:07:53.480
and they weren't asking for his opinion. They were asking
103
00:07:53.519 --> 00:07:57.120
for his technical input on how to implement their brilliant plan.
104
00:07:58.839 --> 00:08:03.600
So when Brad turned to him and said, mister Esperanza,
105
00:08:04.959 --> 00:08:08.920
based on your experience with our drainage systems, what would
106
00:08:08.920 --> 00:08:12.879
you estimate as the timeline for achieving comprehensive water management
107
00:08:13.240 --> 00:08:18.319
in our operational area? Tommy just looked at him for
108
00:08:18.360 --> 00:08:23.399
a long moment. Then he said, real polite, how much
109
00:08:23.480 --> 00:08:28.920
of the swamp you planning to drain? Brad consulted his charts.
110
00:08:29.639 --> 00:08:34.679
Our preliminary assessment indicates that optimal functionality requires water table
111
00:08:34.720 --> 00:08:39.840
reduction across approximately two hundred acres of our immediate operational environment.
112
00:08:41.360 --> 00:08:45.559
Tommy nodded like that made perfect sense, and where you
113
00:08:45.600 --> 00:08:50.360
planning to put all that water well, said Brad, warming
114
00:08:50.440 --> 00:08:55.200
up to his subject. Our engineering consultants have identified several
115
00:08:55.240 --> 00:08:59.639
options for water displacement and redistribution that would maximize our
116
00:08:59.720 --> 00:09:04.320
land utilization efficiency, which was Brad's way of saying he
117
00:09:04.360 --> 00:09:06.480
had no idea where the water was going to go,
118
00:09:07.519 --> 00:09:09.720
but he was sure somebody could figure that out. Later,
119
00:09:10.759 --> 00:09:15.399
Tommy asked a few more questions, real technical ones about
120
00:09:15.440 --> 00:09:19.679
soil composition and water table levels and seasonal flooding patterns,
121
00:09:20.919 --> 00:09:25.759
and with each question, Brad's answers got longer and more
122
00:09:25.799 --> 00:09:29.559
complicated and less connected to anything that might actually work
123
00:09:29.639 --> 00:09:35.519
in the real world. Finally, Tommy said, well, that sounds
124
00:09:35.519 --> 00:09:42.159
real interesting. When y'all planning to start Phase one implementation
125
00:09:42.320 --> 00:09:48.440
begins Monday morning, Brad announced proudly, we've contracted with Superior
126
00:09:48.480 --> 00:09:51.960
Earth Moving Solutions to begin the initial excavation and water
127
00:09:52.039 --> 00:09:58.039
displacement procedures. Tommy just nodded, I'll make sure to watch
128
00:09:58.080 --> 00:10:11.200
for that, he said. Now, while the facility Optimization committee
129
00:10:11.240 --> 00:10:15.399
was busy planning to rearrange the Everglades, Tommy was conducting
130
00:10:15.440 --> 00:10:19.840
his own kind of committee meeting, except his committee met
131
00:10:19.919 --> 00:10:23.039
in places like the maintenance shed, the kitchen, and the
132
00:10:23.080 --> 00:10:27.000
little covered area behind housing Unit B where folks gathered
133
00:10:27.000 --> 00:10:31.399
to smoke cigarettes and complain about the heat. Tommy's committee
134
00:10:31.399 --> 00:10:37.320
didn't have a fancy name, or official authority or PowerPoint presentations.
135
00:10:37.360 --> 00:10:39.679
What it had was people who understood how the things
136
00:10:39.759 --> 00:10:42.480
actually worked and what needed to be done to keep
137
00:10:42.519 --> 00:10:46.039
everyone alive and reasonably comfortable in a place that had
138
00:10:46.080 --> 00:10:49.879
been designed by people who clearly never lived anywhere without
139
00:10:49.919 --> 00:10:54.879
central air conditioning. There was Luis Morales, who'd been a
140
00:10:54.960 --> 00:10:58.960
landscaper in Orlando and knew more about Florida collegy than
141
00:10:59.000 --> 00:11:03.320
all the environmental consultants in Tallahassee. Lewis could look at
142
00:11:03.320 --> 00:11:06.120
a piece of ground and tell you what would grow there,
143
00:11:06.559 --> 00:11:09.440
what would flood there, and what kind of critters would
144
00:11:09.440 --> 00:11:13.679
call it home. There was Maria Santos, who'd manage the
145
00:11:13.799 --> 00:11:16.799
kitchen at a restaurant in Miami that served three hundred
146
00:11:16.840 --> 00:11:19.480
people a day with equipment that was older than she was.
147
00:11:20.879 --> 00:11:26.879
Maria could organize anything food distribution, work schedules, supply logistics,
148
00:11:28.039 --> 00:11:32.440
and make it run smooth as a Swiss watch. There
149
00:11:32.480 --> 00:11:35.639
was old Pete Tran, who'd been a fisherman down in
150
00:11:35.759 --> 00:11:38.799
homestead until they changed the regulations and put him out
151
00:11:38.799 --> 00:11:44.399
of business. Pete knew water, how it moved, where it went,
152
00:11:45.120 --> 00:11:48.399
what lived in it. He could read the weather two
153
00:11:48.480 --> 00:11:52.879
days out just by watching how the birds behaved. And
154
00:11:52.919 --> 00:11:56.960
there were others, folks who'd been mechanics and cooks and
155
00:11:57.039 --> 00:12:00.960
construction workers, people who'd spent their lives making things work
156
00:12:01.000 --> 00:12:06.039
with whatever they had available. Not a college degree among them,
157
00:12:06.600 --> 00:12:09.799
but more practical wisdom than you'd find in a whole university.
158
00:12:11.039 --> 00:12:16.559
They didn't hold formal meetings. They just talked during work detail,
159
00:12:16.879 --> 00:12:20.399
during meals, during the long hot evenings when the air
160
00:12:20.399 --> 00:12:24.200
conditioning in the housing units struggled against the Florida humidity.
161
00:12:25.559 --> 00:12:29.360
They talked about what worked and what didn't, about problems
162
00:12:29.399 --> 00:12:35.840
they'd noticed and solutions they'd tried in other places, and slowly, quietly,
163
00:12:36.519 --> 00:12:41.919
without any official recognition or bureaucratic approval, they started making
164
00:12:41.960 --> 00:12:47.960
things better. Monday morning came around, and with it came
165
00:12:48.039 --> 00:12:53.080
Superior Earth Moving Solutions. Three men in a pickup truck
166
00:12:53.480 --> 00:12:56.000
with a small excavator that looked like it had seen
167
00:12:56.080 --> 00:13:01.519
better decades. The company was owned by Billy Coowalski, whose
168
00:13:01.559 --> 00:13:04.399
main qualification for this job was that he'd submitted the
169
00:13:04.440 --> 00:13:07.720
lowest bid and knew somebody who knew somebody in the
170
00:13:07.720 --> 00:13:13.000
state Procurement office. Billy had never worked in the Everglades before,
171
00:13:13.879 --> 00:13:16.639
but he figured dirt was dirt and water was water,
172
00:13:17.720 --> 00:13:19.720
and if the government wanted him to move some of
173
00:13:19.759 --> 00:13:24.559
each around, well that was their business. He set up
174
00:13:24.600 --> 00:13:28.240
his excavator near the administrative building and started digging what
175
00:13:28.279 --> 00:13:34.440
brad Thornton's engineering consultants had identified as Primary Drainage Channel Alpha,
176
00:13:34.559 --> 00:13:36.960
a ditch that was supposed to carry water away from
177
00:13:36.960 --> 00:13:40.919
the facility and into the existing canal system. What Billy
178
00:13:41.000 --> 00:13:45.279
didn't know, and what brad Thornton's engineering consultants hadn't bothered
179
00:13:45.320 --> 00:13:51.000
to find out, was that the existing canal system wasn't
180
00:13:51.039 --> 00:13:54.919
really a system at all. It was just a collection
181
00:13:55.080 --> 00:13:58.879
of drainage ditches that previous contractors had dug without much
182
00:13:58.919 --> 00:14:03.000
coordination or planning. Some of them led to the main
183
00:14:03.080 --> 00:14:07.279
waterway that connected to the Everglades, others led to low
184
00:14:07.360 --> 00:14:10.320
lying areas that filled up during the rainy season and
185
00:14:10.360 --> 00:14:15.320
turned into ponds, and a few just sort of ended.
186
00:14:16.600 --> 00:14:20.240
Billy started digging his channel bright and early Monday morning,
187
00:14:20.840 --> 00:14:24.240
and by lunchtime. He'd created a nice straight ditch about
188
00:14:24.240 --> 00:14:28.919
two hundred feet long and four feet deep, real professional
189
00:14:28.919 --> 00:14:32.399
looking work, the kind of thing that would look good
190
00:14:32.440 --> 00:14:37.919
in brad Thornton's progress photos. The problem became apparent Tuesday
191
00:14:37.960 --> 00:14:41.799
morning when Billy came back to continue his work and
192
00:14:41.919 --> 00:14:44.399
found that his nice straight ditch was now a nice
193
00:14:44.399 --> 00:14:48.159
straight creek running in the exact opposite direction from what
194
00:14:48.240 --> 00:14:52.039
he'd intended. Instead of draining water away from the facility,
195
00:14:52.960 --> 00:14:58.879
his channel was bringing water in, lots of water, and
196
00:14:58.960 --> 00:15:04.159
with the water came every that lived in the water, fish, turtles, snakes,
197
00:15:05.039 --> 00:15:07.879
and a couple of alligators who seemed real pleased to
198
00:15:07.919 --> 00:15:11.519
have a new highway leading directly to the heart of
199
00:15:11.600 --> 00:15:16.480
the detention center. Oohoo. Now, you might think that when
200
00:15:16.559 --> 00:15:20.679
brad Thornton saw his drainage channel running backwards and delivering
201
00:15:20.720 --> 00:15:24.960
wildlife directly to the administrative parking lot, he might have
202
00:15:25.039 --> 00:15:29.759
reconsidered his approach. May be consulted with some local experts,
203
00:15:30.559 --> 00:15:33.320
or asked someone who actually lived in the area how
204
00:15:33.440 --> 00:15:37.639
water moved through the everglades. But that ain't how efficiency
205
00:15:37.679 --> 00:15:42.559
experts work. When reality doesn't match their plans, they don't
206
00:15:42.639 --> 00:15:49.080
change the plans, they changed their interpretation of reality. Brad
207
00:15:49.120 --> 00:15:53.480
called an emergency meeting of the Facility Optimization Committee and
208
00:15:53.559 --> 00:15:56.759
announced that what they were seeing was actually phase two
209
00:15:56.960 --> 00:16:00.000
of the water management plan happening ahead of a schedule.
210
00:16:01.879 --> 00:16:07.559
The temporary flow reversal was creating enhanced aquatic access corridors
211
00:16:08.320 --> 00:16:14.240
that would ultimately optimize the natural drainage gradient, which was
212
00:16:14.279 --> 00:16:17.320
Brad's way of saying he had no idea what was happening,
213
00:16:18.200 --> 00:16:20.080
but he was going to act like he'd meant for
214
00:16:20.159 --> 00:16:25.519
it to happen. Chet mackenzie immediately started talking about how
215
00:16:25.559 --> 00:16:31.279
this demonstrated their adaptive engineering protocols and their ability to
216
00:16:32.200 --> 00:16:38.320
leverage dynamic environmental conditions. Assistant Warden Crenshaw mentioned something about
217
00:16:38.919 --> 00:16:46.639
nature based infrastructure solutions and sustainable detention facility design. Meanwhile,
218
00:16:47.200 --> 00:16:51.360
outside the conference room window, Billy Kowalski was trying to
219
00:16:51.399 --> 00:16:53.720
figure out how to get his excavator out of a
220
00:16:53.759 --> 00:16:56.480
sinkhole that had opened up when he tried to dig
221
00:16:56.519 --> 00:17:00.559
a second drainage channel, and in the new that was
222
00:17:00.559 --> 00:17:04.720
flowing through the middle of their facility. A family of
223
00:17:04.759 --> 00:17:07.440
otters had moved in and was having what appeared to
224
00:17:07.480 --> 00:17:12.200
be the time of their lives. But the real entertainment
225
00:17:12.319 --> 00:17:15.960
was watching the committee try to explain this to Warden Fitzpatrick,
226
00:17:16.880 --> 00:17:20.359
who was getting increasingly nervous about his next conference call
227
00:17:20.400 --> 00:17:26.839
with Washington. So you're telling me, the warden said, looking
228
00:17:26.920 --> 00:17:29.799
out at the expanding waterways that were turning his detention
229
00:17:29.920 --> 00:17:35.279
facility into something resembling a very disorganized venice. That this
230
00:17:35.680 --> 00:17:40.559
is all part of the plan. Absolutely, said Brad, with
231
00:17:40.599 --> 00:17:43.240
a kind of confidence that only comes from never having
232
00:17:43.279 --> 00:17:48.599
been held accountable for results. We're implementing an integrated aquatic
233
00:17:48.720 --> 00:17:54.319
management system that leverages natural hydrological processes to achieve optimal
234
00:17:54.440 --> 00:17:59.599
environmental balance. Fitzpatrick nodded like that made sense, because in
235
00:17:59.640 --> 00:18:04.359
his experience, when smart people used enough big words, they
236
00:18:04.359 --> 00:18:18.519
were probably right about something. While the Facility Optimization Committee
237
00:18:18.559 --> 00:18:23.000
was busy explaining how their plan was working perfectly, Tommy's
238
00:18:23.039 --> 00:18:26.880
unofficial committee was busy keeping the place from falling apart completely.
239
00:18:28.079 --> 00:18:32.759
See when you dig channels and ditches without understanding how